Autism is a heterogeneous neurodevelopment disorder that can reveal impairments in social interactions, communication, and behavior. This paper aims to review the current understanding of the etiologies and the multiple pathogenetic pathways that are likely to lead to the autistic phenotype. Multiple studies evidence that most cases of autism likely have an underlying genetic cause or predisposition. Just as mental retardation, autism is likely to be caused by many different genetic mechanisms and genes rather than a single, or few, major genes or environmental effects. Applying routine genetic testing in clinical (CLIA-certified) diagnostic laboratories it's possible to identify the specific etiology and recurrence risk in 10% to 15% of autism cases and is clinically indicated for any child with autism. In this study we report 5 cases with different genetic syndromes in which autism has been described as one of the possible manifestations: Down syndrome, 22q13 deletion, “cri du chat” syndrome - 5p15 deletion, Cornelia de Lange syndrome, Sotos syndrome.

The research refers to the relationship between lies and personality. In the present study, we started from the following assumption: the superego of persons of the same culture and same generation tends to be constant regarding content and strength. That is, the superego of 21 years romanian people tends to follow a certain pattern. This assumption is motivated by the fact that in Romania, the middle class is by far the majority; among the middle class, social perceptions tend not to vary too much, those of 21 years were born in the communist period and their superego formed before the revolution, which generated a strong similarity in shaping their superego, the kind of education both formal and informal resembles very much for Romania (see Romanian proverbs), etc.

This assumption leads us to the following statement: given that the superego is similar for most Romanians of the same age, it tends to refer similarly to lying as social value as well as internalized prohibition, and its censorship. So, the lie will have substantially the same value and interpretation for all young people in this category, which will tend to refer to it similarly.

This leads to a very simple conclusion: given that in the Romanian culture, as in other cultures, the lie is disapproved, people who lie will experience a conflict between the censorship of the superego and the desire of the ego, which is reflected in the sense of guilt.

Given that we live in a society marked by irregularities, the drug is to reach everyone, especially teenagers, it is impossible to remain impassive to their problems. Once the consumption of harmful substances becomes an integral factor of subject behavior, alterations in personality may occur. Drug use began at an early age may become a permanent feature of behavior.

The teenager feels the need to be recognized, supported, stimulated and integrated by those of an age to him, the group representing a possible solution to secure and make manifest their desires and aspirations. Our study confirms that all subjects of drug use (marijuana) present emphasis of the personality traits, particularly increased emotional instability with sudden transitions from one state to another. Drug users present in most cases some symptoms of depression. These events can be inscribed under the coordinates of anxiety, lack of interest, pessimism, sleep disorders and social inadaptation.

Understanding, evaluation and intervention with corrective and welfare measures requires the correct assessment of the reasons that leads the adolescent to a drug and identifying the precipitating and environmental factors that trigger, facilitate and perpetuate the behaviors studied.

The paper is a theoretical synthesis of research strategy that had as focus the marital conflict. Central idea of the research is focused on the issue of conflict between members of couple and highlights the key events in its evolution and its implications for family system.

The main motivational factor that determined to start this theoretical research has been to try to capture those factors that lead to or facilitate the emergence and perpetuation of conflicts in married couples and their implications on the family environment.

We started with the idea that conflict family environment is a tragedy and will inevitably lead to different emergence of deviant and delinquent manifestations from children of such families.

This research represents an introduction to conflict within the couple's marriage, for a next work, when we want to propose an integrative investigative model that will take into account personality factors, coping strategies and defense mechanisms. Thus, we assume that the psychotherapeutic approach may be improved by identifying personality variables and coping strategies of the members of a married couple living in disturbing situation.

The research tends to clarify the main points of the authors who have had as concern the conjugal couple research, concluding with the assumption that a holistic approach to the phenomenon of marital conflict within couples can not lose sight of the manner the partners relate to the disturbing situation, nor the strategies they use to solve the conflict.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that can affect the entire bowel. Psychological disturbances are frequent in Crohn's disease (CD) patients. The present study aims to determine the frequency with which depression and anxiety occur in patients with Chron disease (CD). We searched some sociodemographic and medical variables and we followed the relationship between depression and age, stage of evolution and disease duration.

Were followed two groups of patients (sex ratio F : M - 1/1): a group of 45 patients diagnosed with CD and control group of 45 patients with enterocolitis (EC). We applied the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to assess depression, and State Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spilberger) to assess anxiety.

Our results showed that 62.34% of patients with CD presented moderate and severe depression, unlike the control group, where only 16.46% had moderate or severe depression.

In both groups we found higher levels of anxiety than average, suggesting that this is a greater extent associated with IBD.

The levels of anxiety and depression of CD patients with active disease were higher than that of the EC, but not of the CD patients in remission. The depression score of the CD sample was higher than that of the EC sample (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in trait anxiety among groups. Based on these results, we conclude that screening for depression and anxiety should be carried out routinely as part of quality of care improvement in CD individuals.

Breast cancer is, as we well know, a complex and traumatizing disease, considered to be a systemic one ever since its diagnosis. Facing a diagnosis of breast cancer is often equivalent to facing death itself, which leads to the emergence of powerful emotions which often seem to get out of control. This requires psychological assistance which should be what oncology patients turn to. The support group is a more or less formal environment which offers its members the chance to reduce the disease-related stress and the seclusion which occurs in the case of numerous survivors and co-survivors, a place where they can share fears and worries with other people with similar experiences, who understand what they are going through. It is important to underline the fact that these groups, while they are not a substitute for breast cancer treatment, are however extremely auspicious, being a way to mediate contact and sharing of experience among survivors and co-survivors in the fight against the disease. Asking for help proves that you want to fight for your life and to be ready to deal with the situation.

The main direction of research is focused on the issue on issues of life in mixed couple (different ethnicity), the dotted highlights in its evolution and its implications for family system. Given the ethnic and religious diversity of Dobrogea, aims of this paper are to introduce the analysis of Turkish-Tatars couples and mixed couples (Romanian and Turkish-Tatar). Approach course is not easy, but is extremely exciting. Mixed couples are perhaps the most daring examples of fight against all obstacles, but most times you see them defeated. In this respect we assumed the theory that interaction models (cooperation, competition, and conflict) undergo changes during the marriage. Our research has revealed evolution of mode in which marital couples and divorced subjects interact, evidenced by moderating variables what are the sensitive and vulnerable aspects, potentially favorable of conflict and couple dissolution, but also what are the strengths points who generate stability. We believe that marriage is a complex issue, and when we face a case of mixed marriage couples should be seen as having a specific interactional dynamics, it earns even more content, enriching. Of course, this can give good color of life couple, involving the healthy adaptive mechanisms and just as well have borne a potential destabilizing conflict that the two members of couple can not managed him, and their mechanisms, chosen to cope with life situations, not be the most appropriate.

The human being is the product of continuous remodelabil of confluence of modelable and of a multitude of factors. In view of the many factors that can influence the way that the adjustment of the individual we are introducing in study groups of turkishtatar to reveal whether membership of an ethnic group or religion affects whether or not the adaptive model.

In this connection, we started from the idea that the defence as develops earlier with so they will have a decisive role for the future, so therapeutic approach should take account of the depth of defense, its counterparts which are behavioural adjustment in close relation with personality and not least by biological variables such as gender, the age, duration, number of children, ethnicity, religion, etc.

Comparative study will aim to highlight where there are significant differences in the statistical relationship between personality and coping mechanisms (viewed from a broader perspective, the adjustment of the map) in the ethnically and religiously. The role of membership in an ethnic group and religion will be studied in the context of the life of the couple on the steps of its stability, this research brings attention to ways and means of adjustment of the partners in a mixed couple.

We believe that we can achieve a comprehensive evaluation model to bring attention to a map of adjustment on the unconscious-conscious, with personality and role in the determination of the role that it can have variables on ethnicity and religion that relationship.

The existing studies point to a prevalence of clinical significant symptoms of depression and anxiety in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients are only scarcely investigated.

The present study aims to determine the frequency with which depression and anxiety occur in patients with CHC after receiving interferon-alpha therapy. The clinical and social implications are severe and the concurrent psychiatric disorders may lead to increased morbidity and impaired quality of life.

We searched for some socio-demographic and medical variables and we followed the relationship between depression and age, disease duration and duration of treatment.

Were studied two groups of patients: a group of 40 patients diagnosed with CHC during interferon-alpha therapy for up to 6 months and a control group of 40 patients, newly diagnosed with CHC. We applied the Beck Depression Inventory to assess depression, and State Trait Anxiety Inventory to assess anxiety.

In contrast to the untreated reference group, we found significantly increased scores for depression (p < .001) and anxiety (p < .001) during interferon-alpha therapy in the treatment group. In both groups we found higher levels of anxiety than average, suggesting that this is a greater extent associated with CHC.

The treatment of co-morbid depression should follow the usual clinical guidelines and in case of major depression, or when clinically significant anxiety is present, a pharmacological approach should be made.

Based on these results, we conclude that screening for depression and anxiety should be carried out routinely as part of quality of care improvement in CHC individuals.

Most modern studies converge on the view that “the concept that obese people have a specific pattern personality is no longer supported” (G. W. Allport, 1981).

Ethio-pathogenic aspect is considered, even if it has proved the existence of common characteristics in obesity, these cannot be considered as the cause of obesity, but rather its consequences. So, the main objective of our work was to demonstrate that there are significant differences in the characteristics of overweight and obese personality compared to normal weight. Two groups of subjects were studied (sex ratio F: M - 1/1) that were set up randomly on a voluntary basis, consisting of 40 subjects overweight / obese and 40 normal weight subjects.

We applied the Questionnaire Characterioloy by G. Berger and 16 PF Personality test, developed by IRB Cattell.

The results showed that overweight and obese people are spontaneous, sociable, easy accept refusal of others and talk a lot, demonstrating indifference, carelessness, enthusiasm etc., while for the normal weight subjects, these are specific: excessive caution, introspection, non-communication, introversion, character reserved.

We believe that the differences with respect to personality traits are due to life situations, stress, different approach to the social environment, both groups shared notes that indicate: originality, violent emotional reactions and maladjustment to environment.