The tradition of scholarly native music research in China is centuries old, particularly in the areas of tuning and temperament, historiography, music typology, music archeology and repertory study. In the twentieth century, native musicologists continue this long established tradition and its methodologies. At the same time, and particularly from the early 1980s on, ethnomusicology from the West influenced Chinese musicologists. Theories and methods of ethnomusicology and anthropology began to appear in the writings of native scholars in their study of Chinese music. This new “-ology” is viewed as an addition to the more “traditional” Chinese musicology. What most native musicologists seem to be interested in is what parts of this new “-ology” are useful to the “Chinese” situation. Using both the more “traditional” and the “newer” methodologies, native scholars have invested great efforts in recent decades in collecting, compiling, analyzing, and comparing regional musical styles and repertories. The sum of these scholarly activities forms the foundation of Chinese musicology. Because of language barriers, these research activities were not widely known outside the country. The following report outlines some of these research activities.