Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-cfpbc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T11:25:45.907Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

12 - Why tribosphenic? On variation and constraint in developmental dynamics of chiropteran molars*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

Gregg F. Gunnell
Affiliation:
Duke University, North Carolina
Nancy B. Simmons
Affiliation:
American Museum of Natural History, New York
Get access

Summary

* Dedicated to Professor Dr. Vladimír Hanák on the occasion of his 80th birthday

Introduction

Teeth and dentitions are key evolutionary novelties of vertebrates – much of the success of that clade can be traced to just these structures. The extreme ecological efficiency, rapid rate of adaptive rearrangement and growth dynamics, and large body size, as well as the finely tuned developmental mechanisms characterizing the vertebrates have one commonality: all are closely linked to a very high rate of energetic turnover. The core of the circuit lies in the rate of energetic flux from outside to inside vertebrate bodies. Teeth and dentitions act as its powerful amplifiers, the appearance of which may have played a decisive role in triggering a great deal of the current scope of vertebrate adaptations.

The dentition is not only a physical interface between the exterior and interior of an organism, but also a very complex interface between the energetic demands of the body, characteristics of diet, food availability and foraging. The form of dentition is influenced by selection related to these factors, as well as the phylogenetic history of a taxon and pathways of its past adaptive efforts. Theoretically, the state of dental characters may provide condensed and relevant information on any of these variables.

Type
Chapter
Information
Evolutionary History of Bats
Fossils, Molecules and Morphology
, pp. 410 - 455
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahrens, K. 1913 Die Entwicklung der menschlichen ZähneArbeiten aus dem anatomisches Institut, Wiesbaden 48 169Google Scholar
Beresford, P.Barker, F. K.Ryan, P. G.Crowe, T. M. 2005 African endemics span the tree of songbirds (Passeri): molecular systematics of several evolutionary “enigmas”Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 272 849CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bhaskar, S. N. 1991 Orban's Oral Histology and EmbryologySt. LouisMosby Year BookGoogle Scholar
Boyde, A 1965 The structure of developing mammalian dental enamelTooth Enamel, its Composition, Properties, and Fundamental StructureStarck, M. G.Fearnhead, R. W.BristolJohn Wright and Sons163Google Scholar
Butler, P. M. 1939 Studies of the mammalian dentition. Differentiation of the postcanine dentitionProceedings of the Zoological Society of London 109B 329Google Scholar
Butler, P. M. 1956 The ontogeny of molar patternBiological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 31 30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butler, P. M. 1978 Molar cusp nomenclature and homologyDevelopment, Function and Evolution of TeethButler, P. M.Joysey, K. A.LondonAcademic Press439Google Scholar
Butler, P. M. 1995 Ontogenetic aspects of dental evolutionInternational Journal of Developmental Biology 39 25Google ScholarPubMed
Caton, J.Tucker, A. S. 2009 Current knowledge of tooth development: patterning and mineralization of the murine dentitionJournal of Anatomy 214 502CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cope, E. D. 1874 On the homologie and origin of the types of molar teeth in Mammalia EducabilaJournal of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia 8 71Google Scholar
Cope, E. D. 1883 The tritubercular type of superior molar toothProceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia 35 56Google Scholar
Crompton, A. W. 1971 The origin of the tribosphenic molarEarly MammalsKermack, D. M.Kermack, K. A.LondonThe Linnean Society of London65Google Scholar
Crompton, A. W.Sita-Lumsden, A. 1970 Functional significance of the therian molar patternNature 227 197CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crompton, A. W.Wood, C. B.Stern, D. N. 1994 Differential wear of enamel: a mechanism for maintaining sharp cutting edgesAdvances in Comparative and Environmental PhysiologyBels, V. L.Chardon, M.Vandewalle, P.BerlinSpringer-Verlag321Google Scholar
Dumont, E. R. 1995 Enamel thickness and dietary adaptation among extant Primates and ChiropteransJournal of Mammalogy 76 1127CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, A. R. 2005 Connecting morphology, function and tooth wear in microchiropteransBiological Journal of the Linnean Society 85 81CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, A. R. 2006 Quantifying relationship between form and function and the geometry of the wear process in bat molarsFunctional and Evolutionary Ecology of BatsZubaid, A.McCracken, G. F.Kunz, T. H.New YorkOxford University Press93Google Scholar
Evans, A. R.Sanson, G. D. 1998 The effect of tooth shape on the breakdown of insectsJournal of Zoology 246 391CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, A. R.Sanson, G. D. 2003 The tooth of perfection: functional and spatial constraints on mammalian tooth shapeBiological Journal of the Linnean Society 78 173CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, A. R.Sanson, G. D. 2006 Spatial and functional modeling of Carnivora and Insectivora molariform teethJournal of Morphology 267 649CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Findley, J. S. 1993 Bats. A Community PerspectiveCambridgeCambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Flynn, J. J.Parrish, J. M.Rokotosamimanana, B.Simpson, W. F.Wyss, A. R. 1999 A Middle Jurassic mammal from MadagascarNature 401 57CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freeman, P. W. 1979 Specialized insectivory: beetle-eating and moth-eating molossid batsJournal of Mammalogy 60 467CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freeman, P. W. 1981 A multivariate study of the family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera): morphology, ecology, evolutionFieldiana, Zoology 7 1Google Scholar
Freeman, P. W. 1981 Correspondence of food habits and morphology in insectivorous batsJournal of Mammalogy 62 166CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freeman, P. W. 1984 Functional cranial analysis of large animalivorous bats (Microchiroptera)Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 21 387CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freeman, P. W. 1988 Frugivorous and animalivorous bats (Microchiroptera): dental and cranial adaptationsBiological Journal of the Linnean Society 33 249CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friant, M. 1933 Contribution a l'etude de la differenciation des dents jugales chez les mammiferes. Essai d'une theorie de la dentitionPublications diverses du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 1 1Google Scholar
Friant, M. 1964 Sur le dévelopment de l'émail tubulé des ChiropteraActa Zoologica 45 133CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gidley, J. W. 1906 Evidence Bearing on Tooth-Cusp DevelopmentWashington, DCWashington Academy of SciencesGoogle Scholar
Gould, S. J. 1989 A developmental constraint in , with comments on the definition and interpretation of constraint in evolutionEvolution 43 516Google Scholar
Habersetzer, J.Storch, G. 1989 Ecology and echolocation of the Eocene Messel batsEuropean Bat Research 1987Hanák, V.Horáček, I.Gaisler, J.PrahaCharles University Press213Google Scholar
Hershkovitz, P. 1971 Basic crown patterns and cusp homologies of mammalian teethDental Morphology and EvolutionDahlberg, A. A.Chicago, ILUniversity of Chicago Press95Google Scholar
Hoofer, S. R.Van Den Bussche, R. A. 2003 Molecular phylogenetics of the chiropteran family VespertilionidaeActa Chiropterologica 5 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoofer, S. R.Van Den Bussche, R. A.Horáček, I. 2006 Generic status of the American pipistrelles (Vespertilionidae) with description of a new genusJournal of Mammalogy 87 981CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horáček, I. 2001 On the early history of vespertilionid bats in Europe: the Lower Miocene record from the Bohemian MassifLynx 33 123Google Scholar
Horáček, I.Hanák, V. 1985 Generic status of and comments on classification of the genus (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae)Myotis 23–24 9Google Scholar
Horáček, I.Gaisler, J.Hanák, V. 2000 The bats of the Palearctic region: a taxonomic and biogeographic reviewProceedings of the 8th European Bat Research Symposium,Woloszyn, B. W.KrakowPolish Academy of Science11Google Scholar
Hulva, P.Horáček, I. 2002 (Chiroptera, Craseonycteridae) is a rhinolophoid: molecular evidence from cytochrome bActa Chiropterologica 4 107CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hunter, J. P.Jernvall, J. 1995 The hypocone as a key innovation in mammalian evolutionProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 92 10718CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huysseune, A.Sire, J. Y.Witten, P. E. 2009 Evolutionary and developmental origin of the vertebrate dentitionJournal of Anatomy 214 465CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jernvall, J. 1995 Mammalian molar cusp patterns: developmental mechanisms of diversityActa Zoologica Fennica 198 1Google Scholar
Jernvall, J. 2000 Linking development with generation of novelty in mammalian teethProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 97 2641CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jernvall, J.Thesleff, I. 2000 Reiterative signaling and patterning in mammalian tooth morphogenesisMechanisms of Aging and Development 92 19CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jernvall, J.Ketene, P.Karavanova, I.Martin, L. B.Thesleff, I. 1994 Evidence for the role of the enamel knot as a control center in mammalian tooth cusp formation: non-dividing cells express growth stimulating Fgf-4 geneInternational Journal of Developmental Biology 38 463Google ScholarPubMed
Jones, G.Rydell, J. 2003 Attack and defense: interactions between echolocating bats and their insect preyBat EcologyKunz, T. H.Fenton, M. B.Chicago, IL and LondonUniversity of Chicago Press301Google Scholar
Kangas, A. T.Evans, A. E.Thesleff, I.Jernvall, J. 2004 Nonindependence of mammalian dental characterNature 432 211CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kassai, Y.Munne, P.Hotta, Y. 2005 Regulation of mammalian tooth cusp patterning by ectodinScience 309 2067CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koenigswald, W. von. 1997 Brief survey of enamel diversity at the schmelzmuster level in Cenozoic placental mammalsTooth Enamel Microstructurevon Koenigswald, W.Sander, P. M.RotterdamBalkema137Google Scholar
Koenigswald, W. von. 1997 Evolutionary trends in the differentiation of mammalian enamelTooth Enamel Microstructurevon Koenigswald, W.Sander, P. M.RotterdamBalkema203Google Scholar
Koenigswald, W. vonClemens, W. A. 1992 Levels of complexity in the microstructure of mammalian enamel and their application in studies of systematicsScanning Microscopy 6 195Google ScholarPubMed
Koenigswald, W. vonSander, P. M. 1997 Tooth Enamel MicrostructureRotterdamBalkemaGoogle Scholar
Koenigswald, W. vonSander, P. M. 1997 Glossary of terms used for enamel microstructuresTooth Enamel Microstructurevon Koenigswald, W.Sander, P. M.RotterdamBalkema267Google Scholar
Koentges, G 2008 Teeth in double troubleNature 455 747CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Krátký, J 1970 Postnatale Entwicklung des Grossmausohrs, (Borkhausen, 1797)Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemoslovacae 23 202Google Scholar
Lee, S.-K.Lee, C.-Y.Kook, Y.-A.Lee, S.-K.Kim, E.-C. 2010 Mechanical stress promotes odontoblastic differentiation via the heme oxygenase-1 pathway in human dental pulp cell lineLife Sciences 86 107CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lester, K. S.Boyde, A. 1987 Relating developing surface to adult ultrastructure in chiropteran enamel by SEMAdvances in Dental Research 1 181CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lester, K. S.Hand, S. J. 1987 Chiropteran enamel microstructureScanning Microscopy 1 421Google Scholar
Lester, K. S.Hand, S. J.Vincent, F. 1988 Adult phyllostomid (bat) enamel by scanning electron microscopy – with note on dermopteran enamelScanning Microscopy 2 371Google ScholarPubMed
Lester, K. S.von Koenigswald, W. 1989 Crystalite orientation discontinuities and the evolution of mammalian enamel – or, when is a prism?Scanning Microscopy 3 645Google ScholarPubMed
Loher, R. 1929 Beitrag zum groberen und feineren (submikroskopischen) Bau des Zahnschmelzes und der Detinfortsatze von Zeitschrift für Zellforschung 10 1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lucas, P.Constantino, P.Wood, B.Lawn, B. 2008 Dental enamel as dietary indicator in mammalsBioessays 30 374CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luo, Z.-X.Cifelli, R. L.Kielan-Jaworowska, Z. 2001 Dual origin of tribosphenic mammalsNature 409 53CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luo, Z.-X.Kielan-Jaworowska, Z.Cifelli, R. L. 2002 In quest for a phylogeny of Mesozoic mammalsActa Palaeontologica Polonica 7 1Google Scholar
Luo, Z.-X.Ji, Q.Yuan, C.-X. 2007 Convergent dental adaptations in pseudo-tribosphenic and tribosphenic mammalsNature 450 93CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maitre, E.Sigé, B.Escarguel, G. 2008 A new family of bats in the Paleogene of Europe: systematics and implications for the origin of emballonurids and rhinolophoidsNeues Jahrbuch des Geologie u. Paläontologie – Abhandlungen 250 199CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marshall, P. M.Butler, P. M. 1966 Molar cusp development in the bat, , with reference to the ontogenetic basis of occlusionArchives of Oral Biology 11 949CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matalova, E.Antonarakis, G. S.Sharpe, P. T.Tucker, A. S. 2005 Cell lineage of primary and secondary enamel knotsDevelopmental Dynamics 233 745CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maynard Smith, J.Burian, R.Kauffman, S. 1985 Developmental constraints and evolutionQuarterly Review Biology 60 265CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayr, G. 2009 Paleogene Fossil BirdsBerlin, HeidelbergSpringer-VerlagCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menu, H. 1985 Morphotypes dentaires actuels et fossiles des Chiropteres vespertilioninés. Ie partie: Étude des morphologies dentairesPalaeovertebrata 15 71Google Scholar
Menu, H.Sigé, B. 1971 Nyctalodontie et myotodontie, importants caractères de grades évolutifs chez les chiroptères entomophagesComptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences Paris 272 1735Google Scholar
Miller, G. S. 1907 The families and genera of batsBulletin of the United States National Museum 57 1Google Scholar
Míšek, I.Witter, K. 2002 Die ontogenetische Entwicklung des Gebisses beim Grossen Mausohr (, Chiroptera)Wien Tierärztliche Monatschriften 89 1Google Scholar
Mlíkovský, J. 2002 Cenozoic Birds of the World. Part 1: EuropePrahaNinox PressGoogle Scholar
Osborn, H. F. 1888 The evolution of mammalian molars and form of the tritubercular typeAmerican Naturalist 26 1067CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osborn, H. F. 1897 Trituberculy: a review dedicated to the late Professor CopeAmerican Naturalist 31 993CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osborn, H. F. 1907 Evolution of Mammalian Molar Teeth To and From the Triangular TypeNew York and LondonMacmillanGoogle Scholar
Patterson, B. D.Willig, M. R.Stevens, R. D. 2003 Trophic strategies, niche partitioning, and patterns of ecological organizationBat EcologyKunz, T. H.Fenton, M. B.Chicago, IL and LondonUniversity of Chicago Press536Google Scholar
Peterková, R.Lesot, H.Viriot, L.Peterka, M. 2005 The supernumerary cheek tooth in tabby/EDA mice – a reminiscence of the premolar in mouse ancestorsArchives of Oral Biology 50 219CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Phillips, C. J. 2000 A theoretical consideration of dental morphology. Ontogeny, and evolution of batsOntogeny, Functional Ecology, and Evolution of BatsAdams, R. A.Pedersen, S. C.CambridgeCambridge University Press275Google Scholar
Polly, P. D.Le Comber, S. C.Burland, T. M. 2005 On the occlusal fit of tribosphenic molars: are we understanding species diversity in the Mesozoic?Journal of Mammalian Evolution 12 283CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Popowics, T. E.Fortelius, M. 1997 On the cutting edge: tooth blade sharpness in herbivorous and faunivorous mammalsActa Zoologica Fennica 34 73Google Scholar
Rauhut, O. W. M.Martin, T.Ortiz-Jaureguizar, E.Puerta, P. 2002 A Jurassic mammal from South AmericaNature 416 165CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reif, W. E. 1982 Evolution of dermal skeleton and dentition in vertebrates: the odontode-regulation theoryEvolutionary Biology 15 287CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rensberger, J. M. 2000 Pathways to functional differentiation in mammalian enamelDevelopment, Function and Evolution of TeethTeaford, M. F.Smith, M. M.Ferguson, M. W. J.CambridgeCambridge University Press252CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, D. E.Louis, P.Savage, D. E. 1973 Chiroptera and Dermoptera of the French Early EoceneUniversity of California Publications. Geological Sciences 95 1Google Scholar
Salazar-Ciudad, I.Jernvall, J. 2002 A gene network model accounting for development and evolution of mammalian teethProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 99 8116CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Salazar-Ciudad, I.Jernvall, J. 2004 How different types of pattern formation mechanisms affect the evolution of form and developmentEvolution and Development 6 6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sigé, B.Maitre, E.Hand, S. J. 2007 The primitive condition of lower molars among batsJournal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27 46AGoogle Scholar
Sigmund, L. 1964 Relatives Wachstum und intraspezifische Allometrie der Grossmausohr ( Borkh.)Acta Universitatis Carolinae – Biologica 1964 235Google Scholar
Simmons, N. B.Geisler, J. H. 1998 Phylogenetic relationships of , , , and to extant bat lineages, with comments on the evolution of echolocation and foraging strategies in MicrochiropteraBulleting of the American Museum of Natural History 235 1Google Scholar
Simmons, N. B.Seymour, K. L.Habersetzer, J.Gunnell, G. F. 2008 Primitive Early Eocene bat from Wyoming and the evolution of flight and echolocationNature 451 818CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simpson, G. G. 1933 Critique of a new theory of mammalian dental evolutionJournal of Dental Research 13 261CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simpson, G. G. 1936 Studies of the earliest mammalian dentitionsDental Cosmos 78 2Google Scholar
Sklenar, J. 1962 Notes on biology and postnatal development in Časopis Národního musea – prirodovedny oddil 131 147Google Scholar
Smith, M. M.Hall, B. K. 1990 Development and evolutionary origins of vertebrate skeletogenic and odontogenic tissuesBiological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 65 277CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Soukup, V.Epperlein, H.-H.Horáček, I.Černý, R. 2008 Dual epithelial origin of vertebrate oral teethNature 455 795CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Špoutil, F.Vlček, V.Horáček, I. 2010 Enamel microarchitecture of a tribosphenic molarJornal of Morphology 271 1204CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stadelmann, B.Lin, L.-K.Kunz, T. H.Ruedi, M. 2006 Molecular phylogeny of New World (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) interred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA genesMolecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 43 32CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stock, D. W. 2001 The genetic basis of modularity in the development and evolution of the vertebrate dentitionPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 356 1633CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Storch, G. 1968 Funktionmorphologische Untersuchungen an der Kaumuskulatur und an Korrelierten Schadelstrukturen der ChiropterenAbhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 517 1Google Scholar
Strait, S. G. 1993 Molar morphology and food texture among small-bodied insectivorous mammalsJournal of Mammalogy 74 391CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teeling, E. C.Scally, M.Kao, D. J. 2000 Molecular evidence regarding the origin of echolocation and flight in batsNature 403 188CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teeling, E. C.Madsen, O.Stanhope, M. J. 2002 Microbat paraphyly and the convergent evolution of a key innovation in Old World rhinolophoid microbatsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 99 1432CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teeling, E. C.Springer, M. S.Madsen, O. 2005 A molecular phylogeny for bats illuminates biogeography and the fossil recordScience 307 580CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thesleff, I. 2003 Epithelial-mesenchymal signaling regulating tooth morphogenesisJournal of Cell Science 116 1647CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thesleff, I.Sharpe, P. 1997 Signalling networks regulating dental developmentMechanisms of Aging and Development 67 111CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thesleff, I.Keranen, S.Jernvall, J. 2001 Enamel knots as signaling centers linking tooth morphogenesis and odontoblast differentiationAdvances in Dental Research 15 14CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tucker, A.Sharpe, P. 2004 The cutting-edge of mammalian development; how the embryo makes teethNature Reviews Genetics 5 499CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vandebroek, G. 1961 The comparative anatomy of the teeth of lower and non specialized mammalsInternational Colloquium on the Evolution of Lower and Non Specialized MammalsVanderbroek, G.BrusselsKoninklijke Vlaamse Akademie voor Wetenschappen, Letteren en schone Kunsten215Google Scholar
Vandebroek, G. 1967 Origin of the cusps and crests of the tribosphenic molarJournal of Dental Research 46 796CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Valen, L. M. 1966 Deltatheridia, a new order of mammalsBulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 132 1Google Scholar
Van Valen, L. M. 1979 The evolution of batsEvolutionary Theory 4 103Google Scholar
Van Valen, L. M. 1982 Homology and causesJournal of Morphology 173 305CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Valen, L. M. 1994 Serial homology: the crests and cusps of mammalian teethActa Paleontologica Polonica 38 145Google Scholar
Weil, A. 2003 Teeth as toolsNature 422 128CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wood, C. B.Rougier, G. W. 2005 Updating and recoding enamel microstructure in Mesozoic mammals: in search of discrete characters from Phylogenetic reconstructionJournal of Mammalian Evolution 12 433CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, C. B.Dumont, E. R.Crompton, A. W. 1999 New studies of enamel microstructure in Mesozoic mammals: a review of enamel prisms as a mammalian synapomorphyJournal of Mammalian Evolution 6 177CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woodburne, M. O.Rich, T. A.Springer, M. S. 2003 The evolution of tribospheny and the antiquity of mammalian cladesMolecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 28 360CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Woodward, M. F. 1896 Contributions to the study of mammalian dentition, Pt. II., on the teeth of certain InsectivoraProceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1896 557Google Scholar
Yoshiba, N.Yoshiba, K.Stoetzel, 2006 Differential regulation of TIMP-1, -2, and -3 mRNA and protein expressions during mouse incisor developmentCell and Tissue Research 324 97CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yoshiba, N.Yoshiba, K.Hosoya, A. 2007 Association of TIMP-2 with extracellular matrix exposed to mechanical stress and its co-distribution with periostin during mouse mandible developmentCell and Tissue Research 330 133CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ziegler, R. 2003 Bats (Chiroptera, Mammalia) from Middle Miocene karstic fissure fillings of Petersbuch near Eichstätt, southern Franconian Alb (Bavaria)Geobios 36 447CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×