Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-42gr6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T19:56:10.728Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Section 6 - Treatment interventions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2021

Katherine D. Warburton
Affiliation:
University of California, Davis
Stephen M. Stahl
Affiliation:
University of California, San Diego
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2016

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References

Pouncey, CL, Lukens, JM. Madness versus badness: the ethical tension between the recovery movement and forensic psychiatry. Theor. Med. Bioeth. 2010; 31(1): 93105.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Laurence, E. Report into psychiatric ward killing exposes uncoordinated health system. AM with Chris Uhlmann. November 3, 2014. http://www.abc.net.au/am/content/2014/s4119995.htm.Google Scholar
Kalamazoo authorities seeking assault charges against psychiatric hospital workers. WKZO Kalamazoo. December 24, 2014.Google Scholar
Napa State Hospital psychiatric worker slain. San Francisco Chronicle. October 25, 2010. http://www.sfgate.com/health/article/Napa-State-Hospital-psychiatric-worker-slain-3248688.phpGoogle Scholar
Treatment problems, fear found in state’s high-security mental hospital, workers say. Baltimore Sun. November 7, 2011. http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2011-11-07/health/bs-hs-perkins-fear-20111107_1_patients-maximum-securitypsychiatric-hospital-susan-sachsGoogle Scholar
Violence and fear in state mental hospitals on the rise nationally. Baltimore Sun. November 24, 2011. http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2011-11-24/news/bs-ed-perkins-20111124_1_donna-gross-perkins-patients-mentally-ill-patientsGoogle Scholar
Our view: forensic patients swamp state mental hospital. The Portland Press Herald. August 25, 3013. http://www.pressherald. com/opinion/forensic-patients-swamp-state-mental-hospital_2013-08-25.html?pagenum5fullGoogle Scholar
DHHS commissioner blames growth in court ordered patients for Riverview problems; urges passage of LePage’s plan. WABI TV5. August 22, 2013.Google Scholar
ABC 15 investigation exposes a “shocking” level of violence at the Arizona State Hospital. ABC 15. August 9, 2013.Google Scholar
Violence at Texas mental hospitals on rise. United Press International. January 27, 2013. http://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2013/01/27/Violence-at-Texas-mental-hospitals-on-rise/UPI-96021359313991/Google Scholar
Violence on the rise at Western State Hospital. Northwest Public Radio. May 3, 2012.Google Scholar
Patient violence jumps at state psychiatric hospitals. Statesman. January 26, 2013. http://www.statesman.com/news/news/local/patient-violence-jumps-at-state-psychiatric-hospit/nT7GH/Google Scholar
Assaults on staff are focus of scathing report at Catonsville Psychiatric Hospital. Baltimore Sun. March 2, 2013. http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/baltimore-county/catonsville/bs-md-co-spring-grove-report-20130302,0,7658971.storyGoogle Scholar
Hegedus, N. Danger at Mid-Hudson Psych: “I’m just waiting for a staff member to come out dead.” Times-Herald Record. Undated. http://www.nyscopba.org/mid-hudson-psych-center-dangerGoogle Scholar
State mental hospitals remain violent, despite gains in safety. Los Angeles Times. October 9, 2013. http://articles.latimes.com/2013/oct/09/local/la-me-mental-hospital-safety-20131010Google Scholar
Zimmerman, M. Safety inspectors investigating violence at Hawaii State Hospital. Hawaii Reporter. December 5, 2013. http://www.Hawaiireporter.com/federal-safety-inspectors-investigating-violence-at-hawaiiGoogle Scholar
Violence at California Mental Hospitals: “This is the norm.” NPR. July 21, 2011.Google Scholar
Ontario mental health facility faces charges over worker safety violations. The Canadian Press. December 24, 2014. http://toronto.ctvnews.ca/ontario-mental-health-facility-faces-charges-over-worker-safety-violations-1.2161643Google Scholar
Canzano, A. Daily attacks common at the Oregon State Hospital, some say. KATU.com. April 18, 2013. http://www.katu.com/news/investigators/Daily-attacks-common-at-the-Oregon-State-Hospital-employees-say-203717621.htmlGoogle Scholar
Griffen, A. Too dangerous for psych hospital? Man acquitted for insanity now in prison after violent assaults. Hartford Courant. September 23, 2014. http://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-anderson-cvh-court-hearing-advance-0924-2Google Scholar
Associated Press. Hawaii State Hospital employees sue over assaults. Washington Post. September 24, 2014. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/sep/24/hawaii-state-hospital-employees-sue-over-assaults/.Google Scholar
Lawlor, J. At state-run Riverview, danger and dysfunction pervasive. Portland Press Herald. September 21, 2014. http://www.pressherald.com/2014/09/21/at-state-run-riverview-danger-and-dysfunction-pervasive/Google Scholar
Metzner, JL, Dvoskin, JA. Psychiatry in correctional settings. In: Simon, RI, Gold, LH, eds. Textbook of Forensic Psychiatry. American Psychiatric Publishing Inc. Washington DC; 2004: 377391.Google Scholar
Psychiatric Services in Jails and Prisons: A Task Force Report of the American Psychiatric Association. Published by the American Psychiatric Association, Washington DC; 2000.Google Scholar
Bloom, JD, Krishnan, B, Lockey, C. The majority of inpatient psychiatric beds should not be appropriated by the forensic system. J. Am. Acad. Psychiatry Law. 2008; 36(4): 438442.Google Scholar
Lamb, HR, Weinberger, LE. Persons with severe mental illness in jails and prisons: a review. Psychiatr. Serv. 1998; 49(4): 483492.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fazel, S, Seewald, K. Severe mental illness in 33,588 prisoners worldwide: systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Br. J. Psychiatry. 2012; 200(5): 364373.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Torrey, EF, Kennard, AD, Eslinger, D, et al. More mentally ill persons are in jails and prisons than hospitals: a survey of the states. Treatment Advocacy Center and National Sheriff’s Association 2010. http://www.treatmentadvocacycenter.org/storage/documents/final_jails_v_hospitals_study.pdf.Google Scholar
Lutterman, T. National Association of State Mental Health Program Directors Research Institute Fiscal Year 2010 Revenues and Expenditure Study Results; 2012. http://media.wix.com/ugd/186708_c6beb833346b45429322cc4421d83aa1.pdfGoogle Scholar
Torrey, EF. American Psychosis: How the Federal Government Destroyed the Mental Illness Treatment System. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK; 2013.Google Scholar
Mundt, AP, Chow, WS, Arduino, M, et al. Psychiatric hospital beds and prison populations in South America since 1990: does the Penrose hypothesis apply? JAMA Psychiatry. 2015; 72(2): 112118.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abramson, MF. The criminalization of mentally disordered behavior: possible side effect of a new mental health law. Hosp. Community Psychiatry. 1972; 23(4): 101105.Google ScholarPubMed
Swank, GE, Winer, D. Occurrence of psychiatric disorder in a county jail population. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1976; 133(11): 13311333.Google Scholar
Sosowsky, L. Crime and violence among mental patients reconsidered in view of the new legal relationship between the state and the mentally ill. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1978; 135(1): 3342.Google Scholar
Morgan, RD, Fisher, WH, Duan, N, Mandracchia, JT, Murray, D. Prevalence of criminal thinking among state prison inmates with serious mental illness. Law Hum. Behav. 2010; 34(4): 324336.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moran, P, Hodgins, S. The correlates of comorbid antisocial personality disorder in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 2004; 30(4): 791802.Google Scholar
Maghsoodloo, S, Ghodousi, A, Karimzadeh, T. The relationship of antisocial personality disorder and history of conduct disorder with crime incidence in schizophrenia. J. Res. Med. Sci. 2012; 17(6): 566571.Google Scholar
Gross, NR, Morgan, RD. Understanding persons with mental illness who are and are not criminal justice involved: a comparison of criminal thinking and psychiatric symptoms. Law Hum. Behav. 2013; 37(3): 175186.Google Scholar
Wilson, AB, Farkas, K, Ishler, KJ, et al. Criminal thinking styles among people with serious mental illness in jail. Law Hum. Behav. 2014; 38(6): 592601.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wolff, N, Morgan, RD, Shi, J, Huening, J, Fisher, WH. Thinking styles and emotional states of male and female prison inmates by mental disorder status. Psychiatr. Serv. 2011; 62(12): 14851493.Google Scholar
Warburton, K. The new mission of forensic mental health systems: managing violence as a medical syndrome in an environment that balances treatment and safety. CNS Spectr. 2014; 19(5): 368373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stahl, SM. Deconstructing violence as a medical syndrome: mapping psychotic, impulsive, and predatory subtypes to malfunctioning brain circuits. CNS Spectr. 2014; 19(5): 355365.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moffett, P, Moore, G. The standard of care: legal history and definitions: the bad and good news. West. J. Emerg. Med. 2011; 12(1): 109112.Google ScholarPubMed
Strauss, DC, Thomas, JM. What does the medical profession mean by the “standard of care?” J. Clin. Oncol. 2009; 27(32): e192e193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Menzies, RJ, Webster, CD. Fixing forensic patients: psychiatry recommendations for treatment settings in pretrial detainees. Behav. Sci. Law. 1988; 6(4): 453478.Google Scholar
Zapf, PA, Roesch, R. Future directions in the restoration of competency to stand trial. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 2011; 20(1): 4347.Google Scholar
Scott, CL. Commentary: a road map for research in restoration of competency to stand trial. J. Am. Acad. Psychiatry Law. 2003; 31(1): 3643.Google Scholar
Parks, J, Radke, AQ, Haupt, MB. The Vital Role of State Psychiatric Hospitals. National Association of State Mental Health Program Directors Medical Directors Council Technical Report. 2014. www.nasmhpd.org.Google Scholar
Vitacco, MJ, Rogers, R, Gabel, J, Munizza, J. An evaluation of malingering screens with competency to stand trial patients: a known-groups comparison. Law Hum. Behav. 2007; 31(3): 249260.Google Scholar
Rogers, R, Salekin, RT, Sewell, KW, Goldstein, A, Leonard, K. A comparison of forensic and nonforensic malingerers: a prototypical analysis of explanatory models. Law Hum. Behav. 1998; 22(4): 353367.Google Scholar
Linhorst, DM, Scott, LP. Assaultive behavior in state psychiatric hospitals: differences between forensic and nonforensic patients. J. Interpers. Violence. 2004; 19(8): 857874.Google Scholar
Nolan, KA, Czobor, P, Roy, BB, et al. Characteristics of assaultive behavior among psychiatric inpatients. Psychiatr. Serv. 2003; 54(7): 10121016.Google Scholar
Quanbeck, CD, McDermott, BE, Lam, J, et al. Categorization of aggressive acts committed by chronically assaultive state hospital patients. Psychiatr. Serv. 2007; 58(4): 521528.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. SAMHSA’s Working Definition of Recovery. http://store.samhsa.gov/shin/content//PEP12-RECDEF/PEP12-RECDEF.pdf.Google Scholar
Dusky v. United States, 362 U.S. 402 (1960).Google Scholar
Re Daniel M’Naghten, 8 ER 718 (House of Lords, 1943).Google Scholar
California Welfare and Institution Code 6600 (a)1.Google Scholar
California Penal Code 2972 (e).Google Scholar

References

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Funding and Characteristics of State Mental Health Agencies, 2010. http://www. aahd.us/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/FundingStateMentalHealthAgencies2010.pdf.Google Scholar
Hart, S, Sturmey, P, Logan, C, McMurran, M. Forensic case formulation. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health. 2011; 10(2): 118126.Google Scholar
Hart, SD, Logan, C. Formulation of violence risk using evidence-based assessments: the structured professional judgment approach. In: Sturmey, P, McMurran, M, eds. Forensic Case Formulation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley; 2011: 83106.Google Scholar
Moran, MJ, Sweda, MG, Fragala, MR, Sasscer-Burgos, J. The clinical application of risk assessment in the treatment-planning process. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 2001; 45(4): 421435.Google Scholar
Davis, DL. Treatment planning for the patient who is incompetent to stand trial. Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1985; 36(3): 268271.Google Scholar
Douglas, KS, Hart, SD, Webster, CD, et al. HCR-20V3: Assessing Risk of Violence—User Guide. Burnaby, Canada: Mental Health, Law, and Policy, Institute, Simon Fraser University; 2013.Google Scholar
Hare, RD. Manual for the Revised Psychopathy Checklist, 2nd edn. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Multi-Health Systems; 2003.Google Scholar
Not Guilty By Reason Of Insanity, Cal. Penal Code § 1026.Google Scholar
Mentally Disordered Offender, Cal. Penal Code § 2972.Google Scholar
Skeem, JL, Golding, SL, Berge, G, Cohn, NB. Logic and reliability of evaluations of competence to stand trial. Law Hum. Behav. 1998; 22(5): 519547.Google Scholar
Fogel, MH, Schiffman, W, Mumley, D, Tillbrook, C, Grisso, T. Ten year research update (2001–2010): evaluations for competence to stand trial (adjudicative competence). Behav. Sci. Law. 2013; 31(2): 165191.Google Scholar
McDermott, BE, Warburton, KD, Woofter, C. The effectiveness of structured assessments in the detection of malingering. Presentation, The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists, Section of Forensic Psychiatry, Prato, Italy, 2010.Google Scholar
Nolan, KA, Czobor, P, Roy, BB, et al. Characteristics of assaultive behavior among psychiatric inpatients. Psychiatr. Serv. 2003; 54(7): 10121016.Google Scholar
Quanbeck, CD, McDermott, BE, Lam, J, et al. Categorization of aggressive acts committed by chronically assaultive state hospital patients. Psychiatr. Serv. 2007; 58(4): 521528.Google Scholar
Stahl, SM, Morrissette, DA, Cummings, M, et al. California State Hospital Violence Assessment and Treatment (Cal-VAT) guidelines. CNS Spectr. 2014; 19(5): 449465.Google Scholar
Dusky v. United States, 362 U.S. 402 (1960).Google Scholar
US Cont. amend. VI.Google Scholar
Kennedy, J. Fundamentals of Psychiatric Treatment Planning. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.; 2003.Google Scholar

References

Molles, M. Ecology: Concepts and Applications. New York: McGraw Hill; 2012.Google Scholar
Bronfenbrenner, U. Ecological systems theory. In: Bronfenbrenner, U. ed. Making Human Beings Human: Bioecological Perspectives on Human Development. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Ltd.; 2005: 106173.Google Scholar
Gadon, L, Johnstone, L, Cooke, D. Situational variables and institutional violence: a systematic review of the literature. Clin. Psychol. Rev. 2006; 26(5): 515534.Google Scholar
Welsh, E, Bader, S, Evans, S. Situational variables related to aggression in institutional settings. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 2013; 18(6): 792796.Google Scholar
Cooke, DJ, Wozniak, E. PRISM applied to a critical incident review: a case study of the Glendairy prison riot and its aftermath in Barbados. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health. 2010; 9(3): 159172.Google Scholar
Ekland-Olson, S, Barrick, DM, Cohen, LE. Prison overcrowding and disciplinary problems: an analysis of the Texas prison system. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science. 1983; 19(2): 163192.Google Scholar
Mabli, J, Holley, C, Patrick, J, Walls, J. Age and prison violence: increasing age heterogeneity as a violence-reducing strategy in prisons. Criminal Justice and Behavior. 1979; 6(2): 175186.Google Scholar
Palmstierna, T, Huitfeldt, B, Wistedt, B. The relationship of crowding and aggressive behavior on a psychiatric intensive care unit. Hosp. Community Psychiatry. 1991; 42(12): 12371240.Google Scholar
Flannery, RB Jr, Hanson, MA, Penk, WE. Risk factors for psychiatric inpatient assaults on staff. J. Ment. Health Adm. 1994; 21(1): 2431.Google Scholar
Flannery, RB, Staffieri, A, Hildum, S, Walker, AP. The violence triad and common single precipitants to psychiatric patient assaults on staff: 16-year analysis of the Assaulted Staff Action Program. Psychiatr. Q. 2011; 82(2): 8593.Google Scholar
Davies, W, Burgess, PW. Prison officers’ experience as a predictor of risk of attack: an analysis within the British prison system. Med. Sci. Law. 1988; 28(2): 135138.Google Scholar
Webster, CD, Nicholls, TD, Martin, ML, Desmarais, SL, Brink, J. Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability (START): the case for a new structured professional judgment scheme. Behav. Sci. Law. 2006; 24(6): 747766.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hamadeh, RR, Al Alaiwat, B, Al Ansari, A. Assaults and nonpatient-induced injuries among psychiatric nursing staff in Bahrain. Issues Ment. Health Nurs. 2003; 24(4): 409417.Google Scholar
Flannery, RB Jr, White, DL, Flannery, GJ, Walker, AP. Time of psychiatric patient assaults: fifteen-year analysis of the Assaulted Staff Action Program (ASAP). Int. J. Emerg. Ment. Health. 2007; 9(2): 8995.Google ScholarPubMed
Flannery, RB Jr. Precipitants to psychiatric patient assaults on staff: review of empirical findings, 1990–2003, and risk management implications. Psychiatr. Q. 2005; 76(4): 317326.Google Scholar
Bader, SM, Evans, SE, Welsh, E. Aggression among psychiatric inpatients: the relationship between time, place, victims and severity ratings. J. Am. Psychiatr. Nurses Assoc. 2014; 20(3): 179186.Google Scholar
Quanbeck, CD, McDermott, BE, Lam, J, Eisenstark, H, Sokolov, G. Categorization of aggressive acts committed by chronically assaultive state hospital patients. Psychiatr. Serv. 2007; 58(4): 521528.Google Scholar
Flannery, RB Jr, Hanson, MA, Penk, WE, Flannery, GJ. Violence and the lax milieu? Preliminary data. Psychiatr. Q. 1996; 67(1): 4750.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morrison, E, Morman, G, Bonner, G, et al. Reducing staff injuries and violence in a forensic psychiatric setting. Arch. Psychiatr. Nurs. 2002; 16(3): 108117.Google Scholar
Katz, P, Kirkland, FR. Violence and social structure on mental hospital wards. Psychiatry. 1990; 53(3): 262277.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baldwin, S. Effects of furniture rearrangement on the atmosphere of wards in a maximum-security hospital. Hosp. Community Psychiatry. 1985; 36(5): 525528.Google Scholar
Zaslove, MO, Beal, M, McKinney, RE. Changes in behaviors of inpatients after a ban on the sale of caffeinated drinks. Hosp. Community Psychiatry. 1991; 42(1): 8485.Google Scholar
Reisig, MD. Administrative control and inmate homicide. Homicide Studies. 2002; 6(1): 84103.Google Scholar
Johnstone, L, Cooke, DJ. PRISM: a promising paradigm for assessing and managing institutional violence: findings from a multiple case study analysis of five Scottish prisons. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health. 2010; 9(3): 180191.Google Scholar
Braz, R. Enterprise risk management: Part one: defining the concept, recognizing its value. J. Healthc. Risk Manag. 2005; 25(4): 1113.Google Scholar

References

Saß, H, Felthous, AR. Introduction to Volume 1. In: Felthous, AR, Saß, H, eds. The International Handbook of Psychopathic Disorders and the Law, Volume I: Diagnosis and Treatment. Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.; 2007: 15.Google Scholar
Saß, H, Felthous, AR. History and development of psychopathic disorders. In: Felthous, AR, Saß, H, eds. The International Handbook of Psychopathic Disorders and the Law, Volume I: Diagnosis and Treatment. Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.; 2007: 930.Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th edn. Washington, DC: Arlington, VA; 2013.Google Scholar
Felthous, AR, Sass, H. Behandlungsprogramme für Straftäter in den Vereinigten Staaten und Kanada. In: Kröber, HL, Dölling, D, Leygraf, N, Sass, H, eds. Handbuch der Forensischen Psychiatrie, Band 3, Psychiatrische Kriminalprognose und Kriminaltherapie. Darmstadt, Germany: Steinkoff; 2006: 390412.Google Scholar
Rice, ME, Harris, GT, Cormier, C. Evaluation of a maximum security therapeutic community for psychopaths and other mentally disordered offenders. Law Hum. Behavior. 1992; 16(4): 399412.Google Scholar
Skeem, JL, Monahan, J, Mulvey, EP. Psychopathy, treatment and involvement, and subsequent violence among civil psychiatric patients. Law Hum. Behavior. 2002; 26(6): 577603.Google Scholar
Felthous, AR. The “untreatability” of psychopathy and hospital commitment in the USA. Int. J. Law Psychiatry. 2011; 34(6): 400405.Google Scholar
Seto, MC, Barbaree, HE. Psychopathy, treatment behavior and sex offender recidivism. J. Interpers. Violence. 1999; 14(12): 12351248.Google Scholar
Barbaree, HE. Psychopathy, treatment behavior and recidivism: an extended follow-up of Seto and Barbaree. J. Interpers. Violence. 2005; 20(9): 11151131.Google Scholar
Hare, RD. Psychological instruments in the assessment of psychopathy. In: Felthous, AR, Saß, H, eds. The International Handbook of Psychopathic Disorders and the Law, Volume I: Diagnosis and Treatment. Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.; 2007: 4167.Google Scholar
Looman, J, Abracen, J, Serin, R, Marquis, P. Psychopathy, treatment change and recidivism in high risk high need sexual offenders. J. Interpers. Violence. 2005; 20(5): 549568.Google Scholar
Salekin, RT, Worley, C, Grimes, RD. Treatment of psychopathy: a review and brief introduction to the mental model approach for psychotherapy. Behav. Sci. Law. 2010; 28(2): 235266.Google Scholar
D’Silva, K, Duggan, D, McCarthy, L. Does treatment really make psychopaths worse? A review of the evidence. J. Personal. Disord. 2004; 18(2): 163177.Google Scholar
Hare, RD. The Hare Psychopathy Checklist – Revised. Toronto, Canada: Multi-Health Systems; 1991.Google Scholar
Hare, RD. Without Conscience: The Disturbing World of the Psychopaths Among Us. New York: Guilford Press; 1998.Google Scholar
Cornell, D, Warren, J, Hawk, G, et al. Psychopathy in instrumental and reactive offenders. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 1996; 64(4): 783790.Google Scholar
Patrick, CJ. Emotional processes in psychopathy. In: Raine, A, Sanmartin, J, eds. Violence and Psychopathy. New York: Kluwer/ Plenum; 2001: 5777.Google Scholar
Raine, A, Yang, Y. The neuroanatomical bases of psychopathy: a review of brain imaging findings. In: Patrick, CJ, ed. Handbook of Psychopathy. New York: Guilford; 2006: 278295.Google Scholar
Felthous, AR. Schizophrenia and impulsive aggression: a heuristic inquiry with forensic and clinical implications. Behav. Sci. Law. 2008; 26(6): 735758.Google Scholar
Babiak, P, Hare, RD. Snakes in Suits: When Psychopaths Go to Work. New York: Harper-Collins; 2006.Google Scholar
Babiak, P. When psychopaths go to work: a case study of an industrial psychopath. Applied Psychology. 1995; 44(2): 171188.Google Scholar
Babiak, P. Psychopathic manipulation at work. In: Gacono, CB, ed. The Clinical and Forensic Assessment of Psychopathy: A Practitioner’s Guide. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum; 2000: 287311.Google Scholar
Babiak, P, Neumann, CS, Hare, RD. Corporate psychopathy: talking the walk. Behav. Sci. Law. 2010; 28(2): 174193.Google Scholar
Barratt, ES, Standford, MS, Felthous, AR, Kent, TA. The effects of phenytoin on impulsive and premeditated aggression: a controlled study. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 1997; 17(5): 341349.Google Scholar
Barratt, ES, Stanford, MS, Kent, TA, Felthous, A. Neurological and cognitive psychophysiological substrates of impulsive aggression. Biol. Psychiatry. 1997; 41(10): 10451061.Google Scholar
Felthous, AR. The pharmacotherapy of impulsive aggression. In: Thienhaus, OJ, Piaski, M, eds. Correctional Psychiatry: Practice Guidelines and Strategies, Volume II. Kingston, NJ: Civil Research Institute; 2013: 4-14-34.Google Scholar
Glancy, GD, Knott, TF. Part I: The psychopharmacology of long-term aggression—toward an evidence-based algorithm. CPA Bulletin. 2002; 34(6).Google Scholar
Glancy, GD, Knott, TF. Part II: The psychopharmacology of long-term aggression—toward an evidence-based algorithm. CPA Bulletin. 2002; 34(6).Google Scholar
Glancy, GD, Knott, TF. Part III: The psychopharmacology of long-term aggression—toward an evidence-based algorithm. CPA Bulletin. 2003; 35(1): 18.Google Scholar
Moeller, FG, Swann, A. Pharmacotherapy of clinical aggression in individuals with psychopathic disorders. In: Felthous, AR, Saß, H, eds. The International Handbook of Psychopathic Disorders and the Law, Volume I: Diagnosis and Treatment. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2007: 397416.Google Scholar
Babiak, P. From darkness into the light: psychopathy in industrial and organizational psychology. In: Hervé, H, Yville, C, eds. The Psychopath: Theory, Research and Practice. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum; 2007: 411428.Google Scholar
Gao, Y, Raine, A. Successful and unsuccessful psychopaths: a neurobiological model. Behav. Sci. Law. 2010; 28(2): 194210.Google Scholar
Taylor, BP, Weiss, M, Ferretti, CJ, et al. Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders. In: Hales, RE, Yudofsky, SC, Roberts, LW, eds. American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Psychiatry, 6th edn. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2014: 703734.Google Scholar
Hollander, E, Tracy, KA, Swann, AC, et al. Divalproex in the treatment of impulsive aggression: efficacy in cluster B personality disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2003; 28(6): 11861197.Google Scholar
Hollander, E, Swann, AC, Coccaro, EF, Jiang, P, Smith, TB. Impact of trait impulsivity and state aggression in divalproex versus placebo response in borderline personality disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2005; 162(3): 621624.Google Scholar
Felthous, AR, Saß, H, eds. The International Handbook of Psychopathic Disorders and the Law, Volume I: Diagnosis and Treatment. Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.; 2007.Google Scholar
Comai, S, Tau, M, Gobbi, G. The psychopharmacology of aggressive behavior: a translational approach. Part 1: Neurobiology. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2012; 32(1): 8394.Google Scholar
Comai, S, Tau, M, Pavlovic, Z, Gobbi, G. The psychopharmacology of aggressive behavior: a translational approach. Part 2: Clinical studies using atypical antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and lithium. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2012; 32(2): 237260.Google Scholar
Blair, JR. Neurobiological basis of psychopathy. Br. J. Psychiatry. 2003; 182(1): 57.Google Scholar
Siever, LJ, Buchsbaum, MS, New, AS, et al. D,l-fenfluramine response in impulsive personality disorder assessed with [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Neuropsychopharmacology. 1999; 20(5): 413423.Google Scholar
Cooke, DS, Mitchie, C, Hart, SD, Hare, RD. Evaluating the Screening Version of the Hale Psychopathy Checklist—Revised (PCL-SV). Psychol. Assess. 1999; 11(1): 313.Google Scholar
van de Giessen, E, Rosell, DR, Thompson, JL, et al. Serotonin transporter availability in impulsive aggressive personality disordered patients: a PET study with [11C] DASB. J. Psychiatr. Res. 2014; 58: 147154.Google Scholar
Dolan, MC, Anderson, IM. The relationship between serotonergic function and the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version. J. Psychopharmacol. 2003; 17(2): 216222.Google Scholar
Felthous, AR, Lake, SL, Rundle, BK, Stanford, MS. Pharmacotherapy of impulsive aggression: a quality comparison of controlled studies. J. Int. Law Psychiatry. 2013; 36(3–4): 258263.Google Scholar
Felthous, AR, Barratt, ES. Impulsive aggression. In: Coccaro, EF, ed. Aggression: Psychiatric Assessment and Treatment. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2003: 123148.Google Scholar
Felthous, AR, Stanford, MS. A proposed algorithm for the pharmacotherapy of impulsive aggression. J. Am. Acad. Psychiatry Law. 2015; 43(4): 456467.Google Scholar
Coccaro, EF, Kavoussi, RJ. Fluoxetine and impulsive aggressive behavior in personality disordered subjects. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1997; 54(12): 10811088.Google Scholar
Jones, RM, Arlidge, J, Gilham, S, et al. Efficacy of mood stabilizers in the treatment of impulsive or repetitive aggression: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br. J. Psychiatry. 2011; 198(2): 9398.Google Scholar
Hollander, E, Swann, AC, Coccaro, EF, Jiang, P, Smith, TB. Impact of trait impulsivity and state aggression on divalproex versus placebo response in borderline personality disorder. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2005; 162(3): 621624.Google Scholar
Mattes, JA. Levetiracetam in patients with impulsive aggression: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J. Clin. Psychiatry. 2008; 69(2): 310315.Google Scholar
Stanford, MS, Helfritz, LE, Conklin, SM, et al. A comparison of anticonvulsants in the treatment of impulsive aggression. Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2005; 13(1): 7277.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cueva, JE, Overall, JE, Small, AM, et al. Carbamazepine in aggressive children with conduct disorder: a double-blind and placebo-controlled study. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry. 1996; 35(4): 480490.Google Scholar
Mattes, JA. Oxcarbazepine in patients with impulsive aggression: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2005; 25(6): 575579.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Donovan, SJ, Stewart, JW, Nunes, EV, et al. Divalproex treatment for youth with explosive temper and mood lability: a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2000; 157(5): 818820.Google Scholar
Campbell, M, Adams, PB, Small, AM, et al. Lithium in hospitalized aggressive children with conduct disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry. 1995; 34(4): 445453.Google Scholar
Campbell, M, Small, AM, Green, WH, et al. Behavioral efficacy of haloperidol and lithium carbonate: a comparison in hospitalized aggressive children with conduct disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1984; 41(7): 650656.Google Scholar
Sheard, MH, Marini, JL, Bridges, CI, Wagner, E. The effect of lithium on impulsive aggression behavior in man. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1976; 133(12): 14091413.Google Scholar
Coccaro, EF, Lee, RJ, Kavoussi, RJ. A double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine in patients with intermittent explosive disorder. J. Clin. Psychiatry. 2009; 70(5): 653662.Google Scholar
Lee, R, Kavoussi, RJ, Coccaro, EF. Placebo-controlled, randomized trial of fluoxetine in the treatment of aggression in male intimate partner abuse. Int. Clin. Psychopharm. 2008; 23(6): 337341.Google Scholar
Pritchard, WS, Barratt, ES, Faulk, DM, Brandt, ME, Bryant, SG. Effects of phenytoin on N100 augmenting/reducing and late positive complex of the event related potential: a topographical analysis. Neuropsychobiology. 1986; 15(3–4): 201207.Google Scholar

References

Parks, J, Radke, AQ, Haupt, MB. The Vital Role of State Psychiatric Hospitals. Alexandria, VA: National Association of State Mental Health Program Directors Medical Directors Council; 2014.Google Scholar
Colozzi, E. Creating Careers with Confidence in EOHSS. Paper presented at the Aspiring Supervisor’s Series, MA Executive Office of Health and Social Services, Westborough, MA, October 2014.Google Scholar
Espinosa, L, Harris, B, Frank, J, et al. Milieu improvement in psychiatry using evidence-based practices: The long and winding road of culture change. Arch. Psychiatr. Nurs. 2015; 29(4): 202207. DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2014.08.004.Google Scholar
Anda, RF, Felitti, VJ, Walker, J, et al. The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood: a convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2006; 256(3): 174186.Google Scholar
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Trauma-Informed Care in Behavioral Health Services. Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 57. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 13–4801. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2014.Google Scholar
Fein, RA. Behavioral Threat Assessment and Preventing Targeted Violence: History, Opportunity, Concerns. Paper presented at Violence Risk and Threat Assessment: An Historic and Dynamic Perspective, Boston, MA, November 2014.Google Scholar
Gilligan, J. Violence: Our Deadly Epidemic and Its Causes. New York: GP Putman’s Sons; 1996.Google Scholar
Tremblay, RE. The development of aggressive behaviour during childhood: what have we learned in the past century? International Journal of Behavioral Development. 2000; 24(2): 129141.Google Scholar
Abderhalden, C, Needham, I, Dassen, T. et al. Structured risk assessment and violence in acute psychiatric wards: randomized controlled trial. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 2008; 193(1): 4450.Google Scholar
Figley, CR. Compassion Fatigue: Coping with Secondary Traumatic Stress Disorder in Those Who Treat the Traumatized. New York: Routledge; 1995.Google Scholar
Fisher, D. A professional’s lived experience. Trauma Informed Training at Massachusetts Department of Mental Health, Worcester Recovery Center and Hospital, Worcester, Massachusetts, August 20, 2014.Google Scholar
Uram, S. The neurobiology of trauma made simple. Trauma Informed Training at MA Department of Mental Health, Worcester Recovery Center and Hospital, Worcester, Massachusetts, August 20, 2014.Google Scholar
Huckshorn, KH. Reducing seclusion and restraint in mental health settings: core strategies for prevention. J. Psychosoc. Nurs. Ment. Health Serv. 2004; 42(9): 2233.Google Scholar
Jambunathan, J, Bellaire, K. Evaluating staff use of crisis prevention intervention techniques: a pilot study. Issues Ment. Health Nurs. 1996; 17(6): 541558.Google Scholar
Richmond, I, Trujillo, D, Schmelzer, J, Phillips, S, Davis, D. Least restrictive alternatives: do they really work? J. Nurs. Care Qual. 1996; 11(1): 2937.Google Scholar
Needham, I, Abderhalden, C, Meer, R, et al. The effectiveness of two interventions in the management of patient violence in acute mental inpatient settings: Report on a pilot study. J. Psychiatr. Ment. Health Nurs. 2004; 11(5): 595601.Google Scholar
Richmond, JS, Berlin, JS, Fishkind, AB, et al. Verbal de-escalation of the agitated patient: consensus statement of the American Association for Emergency Psychiatry Project BETA De-escalation Workgroup. West. J. Emerg. Med. 2012; 13(1): 1725.Google Scholar
Katz, P, Kirkland, FR. Violence and social structure on mental hospital wards. Psychiatry. 1990; 53(3): 262277.Google Scholar
McDermott, BE, Holoyda, BJ. Assessment of aggression in inpatient settings. CNS Spectr. 2014; 19(5): 425431.Google Scholar
Monahan, J, Skeem, JL. The evolution of violence risk assessment. CNS Spectr. 2014; 19(5): 419424.Google Scholar
McNeil, DE, Binder, RL, Greenfield, TK. Predictors of violence in civilly committed acute psychiatric patient. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1988; 145(8): 965970.Google Scholar
Abderhalden, C, Needham, I, Miserez, B, et al. Predicting inpatient violence in acute psychiatric wards using the Brøset-Violence-Checklist: a multicentre prospective cohort study. J. Psychiatr. Ment. Health Nurs. 2004; 11(4): 422427.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Newton, VM, Elbogen, EB, Brown, CL, Snyder, J, Barrick, AL. Clinical decision-making about inpatient violence risk at admission to a public sector acute psychiatric hospital. J. Am. Acad. Psychiatry Law. 2012; 40(2): 206214.Google Scholar
McNiel, DE, Binder, RL. Predictive validity of judgments of dangerousness in emergency civil commitment. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1987; 144(2): 197200.Google Scholar
Grassi, L, Peron, L, Marangoni, C, Zanchi, P, Vanni, A. Characteristics of violent behavior in acute psychiatric inpatients: a 5-year Italian study. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2001; 104(4): 273279.Google Scholar
Sharp, C. On becoming trauma informed. The National Council for Behavioral Health. www.thenationalcouncil.org/events-and-training/webinars/webinar-archive/. Relias Webinar, September 22, 2014.Google Scholar
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. SAMHSA’s Concept of Trauma and Guidance for a Trauma-Informed Approach. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 14–4884. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2014.Google Scholar
Hockenhull, JC, Whittington, R, Leitner, M, et al. A systematic review of prevention and intervention strategies for populations at high risk of engaging in violent behaviour: Update 2002–8. Health Technol. Assess. 2012; 16(3): 1152.Google Scholar
Linehan, M. The Cognitive Behavioral Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder. New York: Guilford Press; 1993.Google Scholar
Champagne, T, Stromberg, N. Sensory approaches in inpatient psychiatric settings: innovative alternatives to seclusion and restraint. J. Psychosoc. Nurs. Ment. Health Serv. 2004; 42(9): 3543.Google Scholar
LeBel, J, Stromberg, N, Duckworth, K, et al. Child and adolescent inpatient restraint reduction: a state initiative to promote strength based care. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry. 2004; 43(1): 3745.Google Scholar
Rasmussen, K, Levander, S. Individual rather than situation characteristics predict violence in a maximum security hospital. J. Interpers. Violence. 1996; 11(3): 376390.Google Scholar
Polaschek, DLL, Collie, RM. Rehabilitating serious adult violent offenders: an empirical and theoretical stocktake. Psychology, Crime and Law. 2004; 10(3): 321334.Google Scholar
Stahl, S. Deconstructing violence as a medical syndrome: mapping psychotic, impulsive, and predatory subtypes to malfunctioning brain circuits. CNS Spectr. 2014; 19(5): 357365.Google Scholar
Skeem, JL, Monahan, JU, Mulvey, EP. Psychopathy, treatment involvement, and subsequent violence among civil psychiatric patients. Law Hum. Behav. 2002; 26(6): 577603.Google Scholar
McGuire, J. A review of effective interventions for reducing aggression and violence. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 2008; 363(1503): 25772597.Google Scholar
Tate, DC, Reppucci, ND, Mulvey, EP. Violent juvenile delinquents: treatment effectiveness and implications for future action. Am. Psychol. 1995; 50(9): 777781.Google Scholar
Eyberg, S, Nelson, M, Boggs, S. Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents with disruptive behavior. J. Clin. Child. Adolesc. Psychol. 2008; 37(1): 215237.Google Scholar
Caldwell, MF, VanRybroek, G. Effective treatment programs for violent adolescents: programmatic challenges and promising features. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 2013; 18(5): 571578.Google Scholar
Garrido, V, Morales, LA. Serious (violent and chronic) juvenile offenders: A systematic review of treatment effectiveness in secure corrections. Campbell Systematic Reviews. 2007; 7. DOI: 10.4073/csr.2007.7.Google Scholar
Renwick, SJ, Black, L, Ramm, M, Novaco, RW. Anger treatment with forensic hospital patients. Legal and Criminological Psychology. 1997; 2(1): 103116.Google Scholar
Frey, REC, Weller, J. Behavioural management of aggression through teaching interpersonal skills. Psychiatr. Serv. 2000; 52(5): 607609.Google Scholar
Lipsey, MW, Landeberger, NA, Wilson, SJ. Effects of cognitive behavioral programs for criminal offenders. Campbell Systematic Reviews. 2007; 6. DOI: 10.4073/csr.2007.6.Google Scholar
Kornblum, R. Violence Prevention Through Movement and Pro-Social Skills. Oklahoma City, OK: Wood and Barnes Publishing; 2002.Google Scholar
Caldwell, MF. Treatment of adolescents with psychopathic features. In Kiehl, KA, Sinnott-Armstrong, WP, eds. Handbook on Psychopathy and Law. New York: Oxford University Press; 2013: 201230.Google Scholar
Goldstein, AP, Glick, B, Rainer, S. Aggression Replacement Training. Champaign, IL: Research Press; 1987.Google Scholar
Glick, B, Gibbs, JC. Aggression Replacement Training®: A Comprehensive Intervention for Aggressive Youth, 3rd edn. Champaign, IL: Research Press; 2011.Google Scholar
McGuire, J, Clark, D. A national dissemination program. In Goldstein, AP, Nensen, R, Daleflod, RB, Kalt, UM, eds. New Perspective on Aggression Replacement Training. Chichester, UK: Wiley; 2004: 139150.Google Scholar
Hatcher, RM, Palmer, EJ, McGuire, J, et al. Aggression replacement training with adult male offenders within community settings: a reconviction analysis. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology. 2008; 19(4): 517532.Google Scholar
Barnoski, R. Washington State’s Implementation of Aggression Replacement Training for Juvenile Offenders: Preliminary Findings. Olympia, WA: The Evergreen State College, Washington State Institute for Public Policy; 2002.Google Scholar
Kahn, J, Ducharme, P, Travers, B, Gonzalez-Heydrich, J. Rage control: Regulate And Gain Emotional control. Stud. Health Technol. Inform. 2009; 149: 335343.Google Scholar
Ducharme, P, Wharff, E, Kahn, J, Hutchinson Logan, G. Augmenting anger control therapy with a videogame requiring emotional control: a pilot study on an inpatient psychiatric unit. Adolescent Psychiatry. 2012; 2(4): 323332.Google Scholar
Riemer, D. Creating sanctuary: reducing violence in a maximum security forensic psychiatric hospital unit. Forensic Nurses. 2009; 15(1): 302.Google Scholar
Bloom, S. Creating Sanctuary: Toward the Evolution of Sane Societies. New York: Routledge; 1997.Google Scholar

References

Pescosolido, BA, Martin, JK, Link, BG, et al. American’s Views of Mental Health and Illness at Century’s End: Continuity and Change. Public Report on the MacArthur Mental Health Module, 1996 General Social Survey. Bloomington, IN: Indiana Consortium for Mental Health Services Research and Joseph P. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University; 2000.Google Scholar
Pescosolido, BA, Monahan, J, Link, BG, Stueve, A, Kikuzawa, S. The public’s view of the competence, dangerousness, and need for legal coercion of persons with mental health problems. Am. J. Public Health. 1999; 89(9): 13391345.Google Scholar
Corrigan, PW. On the Stigma of Mental Illness: Practical Strategies for Research and Social Change. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2005.Google Scholar
Wahl, OF. Media Madness: Public Images of Mental Illness. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press; 1997.Google Scholar
Markowitz, FE. Mental illness, crime, and violence: risk, context, and social control. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 2011; 16(1): 3644.Google Scholar
Institute of Medicine (US). Committee on Crossing the Quality Chasm, Adaptation to Mental Health, and Addictive Disorders. Improving the Quality of Health Care for Mental and Substance-Use Conditions. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2006.Google Scholar
Elbogen, EB, Johnson, SC. The intricate link between violence and mental disorder: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2009; 66(2): 152161.Google Scholar
Pardini, DA, Raine, A, Erickson, K, Loeber, R. Lower amygdala volume in men is associated with childhood aggression, early psychopathic traits, and future violence. Biol. Psychiatry. 2014; 75(1): 7380.Google Scholar
Glenn, AL, Raine, A, Schug, RA. The neural correlates of moral decision-making in psychopathy. Mol. Psychiatry. 2009; 14(1): 56.Google Scholar
Aharoni, E, Vincent, GM, Harenski, CL, et al. Neuroprediction of future rearrest. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA. 2013; 110(15): 62236228.Google Scholar
Fairchild, G, van Goozen, SHM, Calder, AJ, Goodyer, IM. Research review: evaluating and reformulating the developmental taxonomic theory of antisocial behavior. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry. 2013; 54(9): 924940.Google Scholar
Teicher, MH, Andersen, SL, Polcari, A, et al. The neurobiological consequences of early stress and childhood maltreatment. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2003; 27(1–2): 3344.Google Scholar
Andrews, DA, Bonta, J. The Psychology of Criminal Conduct, 5th edn. Cinicinnatti, OH: Anderson Publishing Co; 2010.Google Scholar
Draine, J, Salzer, MS, Culhane, DP, Hadley, TR. Role of social disadvantage in crime, joblessness, and homelessness among persons with serious mental illness. Psychiatr. Serv. 2002; 53(5): 565573.Google Scholar
Bonta, J, Law, M, Hanson, K. The prediction of criminal and violent recidivism among mentally disordered offenders: a meta-analysis. Psychol. Bull. 1998; 123(2): 123142.Google Scholar
Yochelson, S, Samenow, SE. The Criminal Personality. Volume I: A Profile for Change. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson; 1976.Google Scholar
Wilson, AB, Farkas, K, Ishler, K, et al. Criminal thinking styles among people with serious mental illness in jail. Law Hum. Behav. 2014; 38(6): 592601.Google Scholar
Morgan, RD, Fisher, WH, Duan, N, Mandracchia, JT, Murray, D. Prevalence of criminal thinking among state prison inmates with serious mental illness. Law Hum. Behav. 2010; 34(4): 324336.Google Scholar
Wolff, N, Morgan, RD, Shi, J, Fisher, W, Huening, J. Comparative analysis of thinking styles and emotional states of male and female inmates with and without mental disorders. Psychiatric Services, 2011; 62: 14581493.Google Scholar
Walters, GD. Criminal thinking as a mediator of the mental illness–prison violence relationship: a path analytic study and causal mediation analysis. Psychol. Serv. 2011; 8(3): 189199.Google Scholar
Phillips, HK, Gray, NS, MacCulloch, SI, et al. Risk assessment in offenders with mental disorders relative efficacy of personal demographic, criminal history, and clinical variables. J. Interpers. Violence. 2005; 20(7): 833847.Google Scholar
Douglas, KS, Guy, LS, Hart, SD. Psychosis as a risk factor for violence to others: a meta-analysis. Psychol. Bull. 2009; 135(5): 679706.Google Scholar
Skeem, JL, Manchak, S, Peterson, JK. Correctional policy for offenders with mental illness. Law Hum. Behav. 2011; 35(2): 110126.Google Scholar
Carr, WA, Rosenfeld, B, Magyar, M, Rotter, M. An exploration of criminal thinking styles among civil psychiatric patients. Criminal Behavior and Mental Health. 2009; 19(5): 334346.Google Scholar
Fazel, S, Gulati, G, Linsell, L, Geddes, JR, Grann, M. Schizophrenia and violence: systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Medicine. 2009; 6(8): e1000120.Google Scholar
Gross, NR, Morgan, RD. Understanding persons with mental illness who are and are not criminal justice involved: a comparison of criminal thinking and psychiatric symptoms. Law Hum. Behav. 2013; 37(3): 175186.Google Scholar
Gross, NR, Morgan, RD. Criminal thinking in a community mental health sample: effects on treatment engagement, psychiatric recovery, and criminalness. Manuscript in preparation for publication. See: http://hdl.handle.net/2346/58919.Google Scholar
Bolanos, A, Morgan, RD, Mitchell, S, Gabrowski, K. Shared risk factors among persons with mental illness with or without involvement in the criminal justice system. Manuscript in preparation for publication.Google Scholar
Skeem, JL, Winter, E, Kennealy, PJ, Eno Louden, J, Tatar, JR II. Offenders with mental illness have criminogenic needs, too: toward recidivism reduction. Law and Hum. Behav. 2014; 38(3): 212224.Google Scholar
Lilienfeld, SO. Comorbidity between and within childhood externalizing and internalizing disorders: reflections and directions. J. Abnorm. Child Psychol. 2003; 31(3): 285291.Google Scholar
Abramsky, S, Fellner, J. Ill Equipped: U.S. Prisons and Offenders with Mental Illness. New York: Human Rights Watch; 2003.Google Scholar
Torrey, EF, Kennard, AD, Eslinger, D, Lamb, R, Pavle, J. More Mentally Ill Persons Are in Jails and Prisons than Hospitals: A Survey of the States. Arlington, VA: Treatment Advocacy Center; 2010.Google Scholar
James, DJ, Glaze, LE. Mental Health Problems of Prison and Jail Inmates. Bureau of Justice Statistics Special Report, NCJ 213600. Washington, DC: Department of Justice; 2006.Google Scholar
Steadman, HJ, Osher, FC, Robbins, PC, Case, B, Samuels, S. Prevalence of serious mental illness among jail inmates. Psychiatr. Serv. 2009; 60(6): 761765.Google Scholar
Kessler, RC, Chiu, WT, Demler, O, Walters, EE. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of twelve-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2005; 62(6): 617627.Google Scholar
Calsyn, RJ, Yonker, RD, Lemming, MR, Morse, GA, Klinkenberg, WD. Impact of assertive community treatment and client characteristics on criminal justice outcomes in dual disorder homeless individuals. Criminal Behavior and Mental Health. 2005; 15(4): 236248.Google Scholar
Morrissey, J, Meyer, P, Cuddeback, G. Extending assertive community treatment to criminal justice settings: origins, current evidence, and future directions. Community Ment. Health J. 2007; 43(5): 527544.Google Scholar
Crisanti, AS, Frueh, BC. Risk of trauma exposure among persons with mental illness in jails and prisons: what do we really know? Curr. Opin. Psychiatry. 2011; 24(5): 431435.Google Scholar
Wolff, N, Shi, J, Blitz, CL, Siegel, J. Understanding sexual victimization inside prisons: factors that predict risk. Criminology and Public Policy. 2007; 6(3): 535564.Google Scholar
Metzner, JL, Fellner, J. Solitary confinement and mental illness in US prisons: a challenge for medical ethics. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online. 2010; 38(1): 104108.Google Scholar
Grassian, S. Solitary confinement can cause severe psychiatric harm. Long Term View. 2010; 7(2): 1519.Google Scholar
Haney, C.Mental health issues in long-term solitary and “supermax” confinement. Crime and Delinquency. 2003; 49(1): 124156.Google Scholar
Bhalla, AS. Herman’s House [DVD]. Brooklyn, NY: Public Broadcast Station; 2012.Google Scholar
Nolan, KA, Czobor, P, Roy, BB, et al. Characteristics of assaultive behavior among psychiatric inpatients. Psychiatr. Serv. 2003; 54(7): 10121016.Google Scholar
Quanbeck, CD, McDermott, BE, Lam, J, et al. Categorization of aggressive acts committed by chronically assaultive state hospital patients. Psychiatr. Serv. 2007; 58(4): 521528.Google Scholar
McDermott, BE, Edens, JF, Quanbeck, CD, Busse, D, Scott, CL. Examining the role of static and dynamic risk factors in the prediction of inpatient violence: variable- and person-focused analyses. Law Hum. Behav. 2008; 32(4): 325338.Google Scholar
Warburton, K. The new mission of forensic mental health systems: managing violence as a medical syndrome in an environment that balances treatment and safety. CNS Spectr. 2014; 32(4): 325338.Google Scholar
Haney, C. Prison overcrowding. In Cutler, BL, Zapf, PA, eds. APA Handbook of Forensic Psychology, Vol. 2: Criminal Investigation, Adjudication, and Sentencing Outcomes. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2015: 415436.Google Scholar
Schmitt, J, Warner, K, Gupta, S. The High Budgetary Costs of Incarceration. Washington, DC: Center for Economic and Policy Research; 2010.Google Scholar
Heilbrun, K, DeMatteo, D, Yasuhara, K, et al. Community-based alternatives for justice-involved individuals with severe mental illness: Review of the relevant research. Criminal Justice and Behavior. 2012; 39(4): 351419.Google Scholar
Cosden, M, Ellens, JK, Schnell, JL, Yamini-Diouf, Y. Efficacy of mental health treatment court with assertive community treatment. Behav. Sci. Law. 2005; 23(2): 199214.Google Scholar
Herinckx, HA, Swart, SC, Ama, SM, Dolezal, CD, King, S. Rearrest and linkage to mental health services among clients of the Clark County mental health court program. Psychiatr. Serv. 2005; 56(7): 853857.Google Scholar
Hiday, V, Ray, B. Arrests two years after exiting a well-established mental health court. Psychiatr. Serv. 2010; 61(5): 463468.Google Scholar
McNiel, DE, Binder, RL. Effectiveness of a mental health court in reducing criminal recidivism and violence. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2007; 164(9): 13951403.Google Scholar
Skeem, J, Manchak, S, Vida, S, Hart, E. Probationers with mental disorder: what (really) works? Paper presented at the American Psychology and Law Society (AP-LS) 2009 Annual Conference, March 5, 2009–March 7, 2009; San Antonio, TX.Google Scholar
Stromwall, LK, Hurdle, D. Psychiatric rehabilitation: an empowerment-based approach to mental health services. Health Soc. Work. 2003; 28(3): 206213.Google Scholar
Corrigan, PW, Mueser, KT, Bond, GR, Drake, RE, Solomon, P. Principles and Practice of Psychiatric Rehabilitation: An Empirical Approach. New York: Guilford Press; 2008.Google Scholar
Alverson, H, Alverson, M, Drake, RE. An ethnographic study of the longitudinal course of substance abuse among people with severe mental illness. Community Ment. Health J. 2000; 36(6): 557569.Google Scholar
Appleby, L, Desai, P. Residential instability: a perspective on system imbalance. Am. J. Orthopsychiatry. 1987; 57(4): 515524.Google Scholar
Kushel, MB, Vittinghoff, E, Haas, JS. Factors associated with the health care utilization of homeless persons. JAMA. 2001; 285(2): 200206.Google Scholar
Martell, JV, Seitz, RS, Harada, JK, et al. Hospitalization in an urban homeless population: the Honolulu Urban Homeless Project. Ann. Intern. Med. 1992; 116 (4): 299303.Google Scholar
O’Connell, M, Rosenheck, R, Kasprow, W, Frisman, L. An examination of fulfilled housing preferences and quality of life among homeless persons with mental illness and/or substance use disorders. Journal of Behavioral Health Services and Research. 2006; 33(3): 354365.Google Scholar
Morgan, RD, Flora, DB, Kroner, DG, et al. Treating offenders with mental illness: a research synthesis. Law Hum. Behav. 2012; 36(1): 3750.Google Scholar
Moran, P, Hodgins, S. The correlates of comorbid antisocial personality disorder in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 2004; 30(4): 791802.Google Scholar
Bewley, MT, Morgan, RD. A national survey of mental health services available to offenders with mental illness: who is doing what? Law Hum. Behav. 2011; 35(5): 351363.Google Scholar
Andrews, DA, Bonta, J, Hoge, RD. Classification for effective rehabilitation: Rediscovering psychology. Criminal Justice and Behavior. 1990; 17(1): 1952.Google Scholar
Gendreau, P, Goggin, C. Treating criminal offenders. In Weiner, IB, Otto, RK, eds. Handbook of Forensic Psychology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2014: 759793.Google Scholar
Andrews, DA, Bonta, J. Psychology of Criminal Conduct, 4th edn. Cincinnati, OH: Anderson Publishing; 2006.Google Scholar
Lamb, HR, Bachrach, LL. Some perspectives on deinstitutionalization. Psychiatr. Serv. 2001; 52(8): 10391045.Google Scholar
Lamb, HR,Weinberger, LE. Persons with severe mental illness in jails and prisons: a review. Psychiatr. Serv. 1998; 49(4): 483492.Google Scholar
Teplin, LA. Criminalizing mental disorder: the comparative arrest rate of the mentally ill. Am. Psychol. 1984; 39(7): 794803.Google Scholar
Martin, MS, Dorken, SK, Wamboldt, AD, Wooten, SE. Stopping the revolving door: a meta-analysis on the effectiveness of interventions for criminally involved individuals with major mental disorders. Law Hum. Behav. 2012; 36(1): 112.Google Scholar
Lamberti, JS, Weisman, RL, Schwarzkopf, SB, et al. The mentally ill in jails and prisons: towards an integrated model of prevention. Psychiatr. Q. 2001; 72(1): 6377.Google Scholar
Hodgins, S, Müller-Isberner, R, Freese, R, et al. A comparison of general adult and forensic patients with schizophrenia living in the community. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health. 2007; 6(1): 6375.Google Scholar
Morgan, RD, Kroner, DG,Mills, JF, Bauer, R, Serna, C. Treating justice involved persons with mental illness preliminary evaluation of a comprehensive treatment program. Criminal Justice and Behavior. 2014; 41(7): 902916.Google Scholar
Van Horn, SA, Morgan, RD. Mental health care in the justice system. In A. Wenzel, ed. Encyclopedia of Abnormal and Clinical Psychology. Thousand Oaks: Sage. In press.Google Scholar
Swartz, MS, Swanson, JW, Hiday, VA, et al. Violence and severe mental illness: the effects of substance abuse and nonadherence to medication. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1998; 155(2): 226231.Google Scholar
Robbins, PC, Monahan, J, Silver, E. Mental disorder, violence, and gender. Law Hum. Behav. 2003; 27(6): 561571.Google Scholar
Cortoni, F, Nunes, K, Latendresse, M. An Examination of the Effectiveness of the Violence Prevention Programme. Research Report No 178. Ottawa, ON, Canada: Correctional Services of Canada; 2006.Google Scholar
Polaschek, DLL, Dixon, BG. The Violence Prevention Project: the development and evaluation of a treatment programme for violent offenders. Psychology, Crime, and Law. 2001; 7(1–4): 127.Google Scholar
Serin, RC, Preston, DL. Managing and treating violent offenders. In Ashford, JB, Sales, BD, Reid, W, eds. Treating Adult and Juvenile Offenders with Special Needs. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2001.Google Scholar
Wong, SCP, Gordon, A, Gu, D. Assessment and treatment of violence prone forensic clients: an integrated approach. Br. J. Psychiatry. 2007; 190(49): 6674.Google Scholar
Wang, EW, Owens, RM, Long, SA, Diamond, PM, Smith, JL. The effectiveness of rehabilitation of persistently violent male prisoners. Int. J. Offender Ther. Comp. Criminol. 2000; 44(4): 505514.Google Scholar
Wong, S, Gordon, A. The violence reduction program: a treatment program for violence prone forensic clients. Psychology, Crime, and Law. 2013; 19(5–6): 461475.Google Scholar
Di Placido, C, Simon, T, Witte, T, Gu, D, Wong, SCP. Treatment of gang members can reduce recidivism and institutional misconduct. Law Hum. Behav. 2006; 30(1): 93114.Google Scholar
Wong, SCP, Van der Veen, S, Leis, T, et al. Reintegrating seriously violent and personality disordered offenders from a super-maximum security institution into the general offender population. Int. J. Offender Ther. Comp. Criminol. 2005; 49(4): 362375.Google Scholar
Raine, A, Mellingen, K, Liu, J, Venables, P, Mednick, SA. Effects of environmental enrichment at ages 3–5 years on schizotypal personality and antisocial behavior at ages 17 and 23 years. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2003; 160(9): 16271635.Google Scholar
Miller, A. The criminal mind. Monitor on Psychology. 2014; 45(2): 39.Google Scholar

References

Whitley, R, Bery, S. Trends in newspaper coverage of mental illness in Canada: 2005–2010. Can. J. Psychiatry. 2013; 58(2): 107112.Google Scholar
Barry, CL, McGinty, EE, Vernick, JS, Webster, DW. After Newtown— public opinion on gun policy and mental illness. N. Engl. J. Med. 2013; 368(12): 10771081.Google Scholar
Swanson, JW. Mental disorder, substance abuse, and community violence: an epidemiological approach. In: Monahan, J, Steadman, H, eds. Violence and Mental Disorder. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 1994: 101136.Google Scholar
Steadman, HJ, Mulvey, EP, Monahan, J, et al. Violence by people discharged from acute psychiatric inpatient facilities and by others in the same neighborhoods. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1998; 55(5): 393401.Google Scholar
Teplin, LA, McClelland, GM, Abram, KM, Weiner, DA. Crime victimization in adults with severe mental illness: comparison with the national crime victimization survey. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2005; 62(8): 911921.Google Scholar
Elbogen, EB, Johnson, SC. The intricate link between violence and mental disorder: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2009; 66(2): 152161.Google Scholar
Fisher, WH, Roy-Bujnowski, KM, Grudzinskas, AJ, et al. Patterns and prevalence of arrest in a statewide cohort of mental health care consumers. Psychiatr. Serv. 2006; 57(11): 16231628.Google Scholar
Fisher, WH, Simon, L, Roy-Bujnowski, K, et al. Risk of arrest among public mental health services recipients and the general public. Psychiatr. Serv. 2011; 62(1): 6772.Google Scholar
Swanson, JW, Frisman, LK, Robertson, AG, et al. Costs of criminal justice involvement among persons with serious mental illness in Connecticut. Psychiatr. Serv. 2013; 64(7): 630637.Google Scholar
Osher, F, D’Amora, DA, Plotkin, M, et al. Adults with Behavioral Health Needs under Correctional Supervision: A Shared Framework for Reducing Recidivism and Promoting Recovery. Criminal Justice/Mental Health Consensus Project; Council of State Governments Justice Center, 2012.Google Scholar
Glaze, LE, Herberman, EJ. Correctional populations in the United States, 2012. Bureau of Justice Statistics NCJ 243936, December 19, 2013. Available at http://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=4843. Accessed October 11, 2014.Google Scholar
Fisher, WH, Hartwell, SW, Deng, X, et al. Recidivism among released state prison inmates who received mental health treatment while incarcerated. Crime & Delinquency. 2014; 60(6): 811832.Google Scholar
McCabe, PJ, Christopher, PP, Druhn, N, et al. Arrest types and co-occurring disorders in persons with schizophrenia or related psychoses. J. Behav. Health Serv. Res. 2012; 39(3): 271284.Google Scholar
Fisher, WH, Silver, E, Wolff, N. Beyond criminalization: toward a criminologically informed framework for mental health policy and services research. Adm. Policy Ment. Health. 2006; 33(5): 544557.Google Scholar
Skeem, JL, Manchak, S, Peterson, JK. Correctional policy for offenders with mental illness: creating a new paradigm for recidivism reduction. Law Hum. Behav. 2011; 35(2): 110126.Google Scholar
Peterson, JK, Skeem, J, Kennealy, P, Bray, B, Zvonkovic, A. How often and how consistently do symptoms directly precede criminal behavior among offenders with mental illness? Law Hum. Behav. 2014; 38(5): 439449.Google Scholar
Pinals, DA. Forensic services, public mental health policy, and financing: charting the course ahead. J. Am. Acad. Psychiatry Law. 2014; 42(1): 719.Google Scholar
Munetz, MR, Griffin, PA. Use of the Sequential Intercept Model as an approach to decriminalization of people with serious mental illness. Psychiatr. Serv. 2006; 57(4): 544549.Google Scholar
Blue-Howells, JH, Clark, SC, van den Berk-Clark, C, McGuire, JF. The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs justice programs and the sequential intercept model: case examples in national dissemination of intervention for justice-involved veterans. Psychol. Serv. 2013; 10(1): 4853.Google Scholar
Sequential Intercept Mapping Delmar, NY: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) National GAINS Center, Policy Research Associates. Available at http://www.prainc.com/sequential-intercept-mapping/. Accessed October 11, 2014.Google Scholar
Teplin, LA, Pruett, NS. Police as streetcorner psychiatrist: managing the mentally ill. Int. J. Law Psychiatry. 1992; 15(2): 139156.Google Scholar
Reuland, M, Schwarzfeld, M, Draper, L. Law enforcement responses to people with mental illness: a guide to research-informed policy and practice. New York: Council of State Governments Justice Center. 2009. Available at http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/BJA/pdf/ CSG_le-research.pdf. Accessed May 27, 2013.Google Scholar
National Alliance on Mental Illness. CIT Toolkit. CIT Facts. Available at http://www.nami.org/Content/ContentGroups/Policy/CIT/CIT_Facts_4.11.12.pdf. Accessed October 10, 2014.Google Scholar
Canada, KE, Angell, B, Watson, AC. Intervening at the entry point: differences in how CIT trained and non-CIT trained officers describe responding to mental health-related calls. Community Ment. Health J. 2012; 48(6): 746755.Google Scholar
Hora, PF. Drug treatment courts in the twenty-first century: the evolution of the revolution in problem-solving courts. Ga. L. Rev. 2008; 42: 717.Google Scholar
National Association of Drug Court Professionals Drug Court History. Available at http://www.nadcp.org/learn/what-are-drug-courts/drug-court-history. Accessed October 10, 2014.Google Scholar
National Association of Drug Court Professionals. Available at http://www.nadcp.org/nadcp-home/. Accessed October 10, 2014.Google Scholar
Goodale, G, Callahan, L, Steadman, HJ. What can we say about mental health courts today? Psychiatr. Serv. 2013; 64(4): 298300.Google Scholar
Steadman, HJ, Redlich, A, Callahan, L, et al. Effect of mental health courts on arrests and jail days: a multisite study. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2011; 68(2): 167172.Google Scholar
Pinals, DA. Veterans and the justice system: the next forensic frontier. J. Am. Acad. Psychiatry Law. 2010; 38(2): 163167.Google Scholar
Hoge, SK, Buchanan, AW, Kovasznay, BM, Roskes, EJ. Outpatient Services for the Mentally Ill Involved in the Criminal Justice System: A Report of the Task Force on Outpatient Forensic Services. American Psychiatric Association Resource Document; American Psychiatric Association, 2009.Google Scholar
Draine, J, Herman, DB. Critical time intervention for reentry from prison for persons with mental illness. Psychiatr. Serv. 2007; 58(12): 15771581.Google Scholar
Lamberti, JS, Weisman, R, Faden, DI. Forensic assertive community treatment: preventing incarceration of adults with severe mental illness. Psychiatr. Serv. 2004; 55(11): 12851293.Google Scholar
Angell, B, Matthews, E, Barrenger, S, Watson, AC, Draine, J. Engagement processes in model program for community reentry from prison for people with serious mental illness. Int. J. Law Psychiatry. 2014; 37(5): 490500.Google Scholar
Steadman, HJ, Callahan, L, Robbins, PC, et al. Criminal justice and behavioral health care costs of mental health court participants: a six-year study. Psychiatr. Serv. 2014; 65(9): 11001104.Google Scholar
Andrews, DA, Bonta, J, Hoge, RD. Classification for effective rehabilitation: rediscovering psychology. Criminal Justice and Behavior. 1990; 17(1): 1952.Google Scholar
Whitehead, PR, Ward, T, Collie, RM. Time for a change: applying the Good Lives Model of rehabilitation to a high-risk violent offender. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 2007; 51(5): 578598.Google Scholar
Monahan, J, Skeem, JL. The evolution of violence risk assessment. CNS Spectr. 2014; 19(5): 419424.Google Scholar
Garvey, K, Newring, KAB, Parham, RW, Pinals, DA. The roles and limitations of evidence-based psychotherapy in correctional settings. In: Thienhaus, OJ, Piasecki, M, eds. Correctional Psychiatry: Practice Guidelines and Strategies. Vol. II. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute; 2013.Google Scholar
Evershed, S, Tennant, A, Boomer, D, et al. Practice-based outcomes for dialectical-behavioural therapy targeting anger and violence, with male forensic patients: a pragmatic and non-contemporaneous comparison. Crim. Behav. Ment. Health. 2003; 13(3): 198213.Google Scholar
Little, GL, Robinson, KD. Moral reconation therapy: a systematic step-by-step treatment system for treatment resistant clients. Psychol. Rep. 1988; 62(1): 135151.Google Scholar
Ferguson, LM, Wormith, JS. A meta-analysis of moral reconation therapy. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 2013; 57(9): 10761106.Google Scholar
Golden, L. Evaluation of the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral program for offenders on probation: thinking for a change. Available at: http://static.nicic.gov/Library/025057/default.html. Accessed October 28, 2014.Google Scholar
Pinals, DA, Smelson, D, Sawh, L, et al. Maintaining Independence and Sobriety Through Systems Integration and Outreach Networking—Criminal Justice Edition: Treatment Manual. See: http://www.missionmodel.org.Google Scholar
Smelson, D, Pinals, DA, Sawh, L, et al. Maintaining Independence and Sobriety through Systems Integration and Outreach Networking—Criminal Justice Edition: Participant Workbook. Available at http://www.missionmodel.org. Accessed October 10, 2014.Google Scholar
Smelson, DA, Kline, A, Kuhn, J, et al. A wraparound treatment engagement intervention for homeless veterans with co-occurring disorders. Psychol. Serv. 2013; 10(2): 161167.Google Scholar
Rotter, M, McQuistion, HL, Broner, N, Steinbacher, M. Best practices: the impact of the incarceration culture on reentry for adults with mental illness: a training and group treatment model. Psychiatr. Serv. 2005; 56(3): 265267.Google Scholar
Rotter, M, Carr, WA, Frischer, K. The premise of criminalization and the promise of offender treatment. In Dlugacz, HA, ed. Reentry Planning for Offenders with Mental Disorders: Policy and Practice. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute; 2015.Google Scholar
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration 2015. SAMHSA’s working definition of recovery. Available at: http://store.samhsa.gov/product/SAMHSA-s-Working-Definition-of-Recovery/PEP12-RECDEF. Accessed October 1, 2014.Google Scholar
Miller, NA, Najavits, LM. Creating trauma-informed correctional care: a balance of goals and environment. Eur. J. Psychotraumatol. 2012; 3. DOI: 10.3402/ejpt.v.20.17246.Google Scholar
van Nierop, M, Viechtbauer, W, Gunther, N, et al. Childhood trauma is associated with a specific admixture of affective, anxiety, and psychosis symptoms cutting across traditional diagnostic boundaries. Psychol. Med. 2015; 45(6): 12771288.Google Scholar
Barrett, EL, Teesson, M, Mills, KL. Associations between substance use, posttraumatic stress disorder and the perpetration of violence: a longitudinal investigation. Addict. Behav. 2014; 39(6): 10751080.Google Scholar
Sarchiapone, M, Carli, V, Cuomo, C, Marchetti, M, Roy, A. Association between childhood trauma and aggression in male prisoners. Psychiatry Res. 2009; 165(1–2): 187192.Google Scholar
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. SAMHSA’s Concept of Trauma and Guidance for a Trauma-Informed Approach. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 14–4884. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2014.Google Scholar
Salzer, MS, Schwenk, E, Brusilovskiy, E. Certified peer specialist roles and activities: results from a national survey. Psychiatr. Serv. 2010; 61(5): 520523.Google Scholar
Miller, LD,Massaro, J. Overcoming Legal Impediments to Hiring Forensic Peer Specialists. Delmar, NY: CMHS National GAINS Center; 2008.Google Scholar
Davidson, L, Rowe, M. Peer Support Within Criminal Justice Settings: The Role of Forensic Peer Specialists. Delmar, NY: CMHS National GAINS Center; 2008.Google Scholar

References

Bopp, JM, Miklowitz, DJ, Goodwin, GM, et al. The longitudinal course of bipolar disorder as revealed through weekly text messaging: a feasibility study. Bipolar Disord. 2010; 12(3): 327334.Google Scholar
Berrouiguet, S, Gravey, M, Le Galudec, M, Alavi, Z, Walter, M. Post-acute crisis text messaging outreach for suicide prevention: a pilot study. Psychiatry Research. 2014; 217(3): 154157.Google Scholar
Luxton, DD, McCann, RA, Bush, NE, Mishkind, MC, Reger, GM. mHealth for mental health: integrating smartphone technology in behavioral healthcare. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 2011; 42(6): 505512.Google Scholar
Newnham, EA, Doyle, EL, Sng, AA, Hooke, GR, Page, AC. Improving clinical outcomes in psychiatric care with touch-screen technology. Psychol. Serv. 2012; 9(2): 221223.Google Scholar
Mars, M. Guest Editorial: telepsychiatry in Africa—a way forward? African Journal of Psychiatry. 2012; 15(4): 215217.Google Scholar
Shore, JH. Telepsychiatry: videoconferencing in the delivery of psychiatric care. Am. J. Psychiatry. 2013; 170(3): 256262.Google Scholar
Miller, TW, Burton, DC, Hill, K, et al. Telepsychiatry: critical dimensions for forensic services. J. Am. Acad. Psychiatry Law. 2005; 33(4): 539546.Google Scholar
Valdagno, M, Goracci, A, di Volo, S, Fagiolini, A. Telepsychiatry: new perspectives and open issues. CNS Spectr. 2014; 19(6): 479481.Google Scholar
Durcan, G. Pathways to Unlocking Secure Mental Health Care. Centre for Mental Health; 2011. http://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/pdfs/Pathways_to_unlocking_secure_mental_health_care.pdf.Google Scholar
Button, DM, DeMichele, M, Payne, BK. Using electronic monitoring to supervise sex offenders: legislative patterns and implications for community corrections officers. Criminal Justice Policy Review. 2009; 20(4): 414436.Google Scholar
Geoghegan, R. Future of Corrections: Exploring the Use of Electronic Monitoring. Policy Exchange; 2012. http://www.policyexchange. org.uk/publications/category/item/future-of-corrections-exploring-the-use-of-electronic-monitoring.Google Scholar
Bales, B, Mann, K, Blomberg, T, et al. A Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of Electronic Monitoring. Florida State University, College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Center for Criminology and Public Policy Research; 2010. https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/230530.pdf.Google Scholar
Travis, A, Hill, A. Half of all tagged offenders break curfew rules, says report. The Guardian. June 14, 2012. http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2012/jun/14/half-tagged-offenders-break-curfew-rules.Google Scholar
Payne, BK, DeMichele, M. Sex offender policies: considering unanticipated consequences of GPS sex offender monitoring. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 2011; 16(3): 177187.Google Scholar
Litten, RZ, Bradley, AM, Moss, HB. Alcohol biomarkers in applied settings: recent advances and future research opportunities. Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res. 2010; 34(6): 955967.Google Scholar
Barton, B. Secure Continuous Remote Alcohol Monitoring (SCRAM) Technology Evaluability Assessment. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice; 2009.Google Scholar
Fox, A, Lockhart, G. From the Ground Up: Promising Criminal Justice Projects in the US and the UK. London: Policy Exchange; 2011. http://www.policyexchange.org.uk/publications/category/item/from-the-ground-up-promising-criminal-justice-projects-in-the-us-and-the-uk.Google Scholar
Dougherty, DM, Charles, NE, Acheson, A, et al. Comparing the detection of transdermal and breath alcohol concentrations during periods of alcohol consumption ranging from moderate drinking to binge drinking. Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2012; 20(5): 373381.Google Scholar
Leffingwell, TR, Cooney, NJ, Murphy, JG, et al. Continuous objective monitoring of alcohol use: twenty‐first century measurement using transdermal sensors. Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res. 2013; 37(1): 1622.Google Scholar
Dougherty, DM, Hill-Kapturczak, N, Liang, Y, et al. Use of continuous transdermal alcohol monitoring during a contingency management procedure to reduce excessive alcohol use. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2014; 142: 301306.Google Scholar
Button, DM, Tewksbury, R, Mustaine, EE, Payne, BK. Factors contributing to perceptions about policies regarding the electronic monitoring of sex offenders: the role of demographic characteristics, victimization experiences, and social disorganization. Int. J. Offender Ther. Comp. Criminol. 2013; 57(1): 2554.Google Scholar
Fohall, E, St. John, P. Sex offender had GPS bracelet removed and went unmonitored. LA Times. December 15, 2014.Google Scholar
Stewart, D, Bowers, L. Absconding and locking ward doors: evidence from the literature. J. Psychiatr. Ment. Health Nurs. 2011; 18(1): 8993.Google Scholar
France, A. Escaped lag killed OAP for drug cash. The Sun. June, 16 2009.Google Scholar
Tully, J, Hearn, D, Fahy, T. Authors’ reply. Br. J. Psychiatry. 2014; 205(2): 500501.Google Scholar
Tully, J, Hearn, D, Fahy, T. Can electronic monitoring (GPS ‘tracking’) enhance risk management in psychiatry? Br. J. Psychiatry. 2014; 205(2): 8385.Google Scholar
Konow, J. Coercion and consent. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics JITE. 2014; 170(1): 4974.Google Scholar
Desai, S. Violence and surveillance: some unintended consequences of CCTV monitoring within mental health hospital wards. Surveillance & Society. 2010; 8(1): 8492.Google Scholar
Gill, M, Spriggs, A. Assessing the Impact of CCTV. Home Office Research Study 292 London: Home Office Press; 2005.Google Scholar
Parish, C. Winterbourne View hospital: the government’s definitive response: Colin Parish summarises the Department of Health’s final report on the neglect and abuse of patients with learning disabilities in a long-stay hospital. Learning Disability Practice. 2013; 16(1): 3235.Google Scholar
Warr, J, Page, M, Crossen-White, H. The Appropriate Use of CCTV Observation in a Secure Unit. Bournemouth University; 2005. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/11684/.Google Scholar
Desai, S. The new stars of CCTV: what is the purpose of monitoring patients in communal areas of psychiatric hospital wards, bedrooms and seclusion rooms? Diversity in Health and Care. 2009; 6(1): 4553.Google Scholar
Mental Health Commission. Department of Psychiatry, Connolly Hospital approved centre inspection report, 12 February 2013. Dublin: MHC; 2014. http://lenus.ie/hse/handle/10147/315270?locale=ga&language=ga.Google Scholar
Hermann, P, Weiner, R. Issues over police shooting in Ferguson lead push for officers and body cameras. Washington Post. December 2, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/crime/issues-over-police-shooting-in-ferguson-lead-push-for-officers-and-body-cameras/2014/12/02/dedcb2d8-7a58-11e4-84d4-7c896b90abdc_story.html.Google Scholar
Jovanov, E, Milenkovic, A, Otto, C, De Groen, PC. A wireless body area network of intelligent motion sensors for computer assisted physical rehabilitation. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation. 2005; 2(1): 6.Google Scholar
Lubecke, OB, Ong, PW, Lubecke, VM. 10 GHz Doppler radar sensing of respiration and heart movement. In: Bioengineering Conference, 2002: Proceedings of the IEEE 28th Annual Northeast. IEEE; 2002; 55–56. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp? tp=&arnumber=9 99462&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%2Fabs_ all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D999462.Google Scholar
Demiris, G, Oliver, DP, Dickey, G, Skubic, M, Rantz, M. Findings from a participatory evaluation of a smart home application for older adults. Technol. Health Care. 2008; 16(2): 111118.Google Scholar
Pollack, ME. Intelligent technology for an aging population: the use of AI to assist elders with cognitive impairment. AI Magazine. 2005; 26(2): 9.Google Scholar
Helal, A, Cook, DJ, Schmalz M. Smart home-based health platform for behavioral monitoring and alteration of diabetes patients. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol. 2009; 3(1): 141148.Google Scholar
Blum, J, Magill, E. M-psychiatry: sensor networks for psychiatric health monitoring. In Proceedings of the 9th Annual Postgraduate Symposium on the Convergence of Telecommunications, Networking and Broadcasting (PGNET 2008). 2008: 33–37. https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?q=M-psychiatry:+sensor+networks+for+psychiatric+health+monitoring.&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart&sa= X&ei=Xi81Vei3NIO1OqfagOAD&ved=0CCQQgQMwAA.Google Scholar
Tarassenko, L, Villarroel, M, Guazzi, A, et al. Non-contact video-based vital sign monitoring using ambient light and auto-regressive models. Physiol. Meas. 2014; 35(5): 807831.Google Scholar
Villarroel, M, Guazzi, A, Jorge, J, et al. Continuous non-contact vital sign monitoring in neonatal intensive care unit. Healthcare Technology Letters. 2014; 1(3): 8791.Google Scholar

References

Felthous, AR. The “untreatability” of psychopathy and hospital commitment in the USA. Int. J. Law Psychiatry. 2011; 34(6): 400405.Google Scholar
Cleckley, H. The Mask of Sanity, 5th edn. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 1976.Google Scholar
Hare, RD. The Hare Psychopathy Checklist–Revised, 2nd edn. Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems, Inc.; 2003.Google Scholar
Skeem, JL, Polaschek, D, Patrick, C, Lilienfeld, SO. Psychopathic personality: bridging the gap between scientific evidence and public policy. Psychological Science in the Public Interest. 2011; 12(3): 95162.Google Scholar
Cooke, DJ, Hart, SD, Logan, C, Michie, C. Explicating the construct of psychopathy: development and validation of a conceptual model, the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP). International Journal of Forensic Mental Health. 2012; 11(4): 242252.Google Scholar
MacDonald, AW, Iacono, WG. Toward an integrated perspective on the etiology on psychopathy. In: Patrick, CJ, ed. Handbook of Psychopathy. New York: Guilford Press; 2006: 375385.Google Scholar
Simourd, DJ, Hoge, RD. Criminal psychopathy: a risk-and-need perspective. Criminal Justice and Behavior. 2000; 27(2): 256272.Google Scholar
Wong, S. Treatment of criminal psychopath. In: Hodgins, S, Muller-Isberner, R, eds. Violence, Crime and Mentally Disordered Offenders: Concepts and Methods for Effective Treatment and Prevention. London: Wiley; 2000: 81106.Google Scholar
Rice, ME, Harris, GT, Cormier, CA. An evaluation of a maximum security therapeutic community for psychopaths and other mentally disordered offenders. Law and Human Behavior. 1992; 16(4): 399412.Google Scholar
Rice, M, Harris, GT, Cormier, CA. Violent Recidivism Among Psychopaths and Nonpsychopaths Treated in a Therapeutic Community. Penetanguishene, Ontario, Canada: Mental Health Centre; 1989.Google Scholar
D’Silva, K, Duggan, C, McCarthy, L. Does treatment really make psychopaths worse? A review of the evidence. J. Pers. Disord. 2004; 18(2): 163177.Google Scholar
Salekin, RT. Psychopathy and therapeutic pessimism: Clinical lore or clinical reality? Clin. Psychol. Rev. 2002; 22(1): 79112.Google Scholar
Salekin, R, Worley, C, Grimes, RD. Treatment of psychopathy: a review and brief introduction to the mental model approach for psychopathy. Behav. Sci. Law. 2010; 28(2): 235266.Google Scholar
Bernstein, DP, Nijman, HLI, Karos, K, et al. Schema therapy for forensic patients with personality disorders: design and preliminary findings of a multicenter randomized clinical trial in The Netherlands. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health. 2012; 11(4): 312324.Google Scholar
Olver, ME, Wong, SCP. Therapeutic responses of psychopathic sexual offenders: Treatment attrition, therapeutic change, and long term recidivism. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 2009; 77(2): 328336.Google Scholar
Wong, SCP, Gordon, A, Gu, D, Lewis, K, Olver, ME. The effectiveness of violence reduction treatment for psychopathic offenders: empirical evidence and a treatment model. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health. 2012; 11(4): 336349.Google Scholar
McGuire, J. A review of effective interventions for reducing aggression and violence. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 2008; 363(1503): 25772597.Google Scholar
Wong, SCP, Hare, RD. Guidelines for a Psychopathy Treatment Program. Toronto, Canada: Multihealth Systems; 2005.Google Scholar
Yang, M, Wong, SCP, Coid, J. The efficacy of violence prediction: A meta-analytic comparison of nine risk assessment instruments. Psychol. Bull. 2010; 136(5): 740767.Google Scholar
Hawes, SW, Boccaccini, MT, Murrie, DC. Psychopathy and the combination of psychopathy and sexual deviance as predictors of sexual recidivism: meta-analytic findings using the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised. Psychol. Assess. 2013; 25(1): 233243.Google Scholar
Olver, ME, Neumann, CS, Wong, SC, Hare, RD. The structural and predictive properties of the Psychopathy Checklist–revised in Canadian aboriginal and non-aboriginal offenders. Psychol. Assess. 2013; 25(1): 167179.Google Scholar
Olver, ME,Wong, SCP. Short- and long-term recidivism prediction of the PCL-R and the effects of age: a 24-year follow-up. Personal. Disord. 2015; 6(1): 97105.Google Scholar
Pouls, C, Jeandarme, I. Psychopathy in offenders with intellectual disabilities: a comparison of the PCL-R and PCL-SV. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health. 2014; 13(3): 207216.Google Scholar
Douglas, KS, Strand, S, Belfrage, H, Fransson, G, Levander, S. Reliability and validity evaluation of the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL-R: SV) in Swedish correctional and forensic psychiatric samples. Assessment. 2005; 12(2): 145161.Google Scholar
Walters, GD, Wilson, NJ, Glover, AJ. Predicting recidivism with the Psychopathy Checklist: are factor score composites really necessary? Psychol. Assess. 2011; 23(2): 552557.Google Scholar
Kennealy, PJ, Skeem, JL, Walters, GD, Camp, J. Do core interpersonal and affective traits of PCL-R psychopathy interact with antisocial behavior and disinhibition to predict violence? Psychol. Assess. 2010; 22(3): 569580.Google Scholar
Barbaree, HE. Psychopathy, treatment behavior, and recidivism: an extended follow-up of Seto and Barbaree. J. Interpers. Violence. 2005; 20(9): 11151131.Google Scholar
Hobson, J, Shine, J, Roberts, R. How do psychopaths behave in a prison therapeutic community? Psychology, Crime, & Law. 2000; 6(2): 139154.Google Scholar
Hughes, G, Hogue, T, Hollin, C, Champion, H. First-stage evaluation of a treatment programme for personality disordered offenders. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry. 1997; 8(3): 515527.Google Scholar
Ogloff, JRP, Wong, S, Greenwood, A. Treating criminal psychopaths in a therapeutic community program. Behavioral Sciences and the Law. 1990; 8(2): 181190.Google Scholar
Langton, CM, Barbaree, HE, Harkins, L, Peacock, EJ. Sex offenders’ response to treatment and its association with recidivism as a function of psychopathy. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 2006; 18(1): 99120.Google Scholar
Olver, ME,Wong, SCP. Predictors of sex offender treatment dropout: psychopathy, sex offender risk, and responsivity implications. Psychology, Crime & Law. 2011; 17(5): 457471.Google Scholar
Wong, SCP, Gordon, A. The validity and reliability of the Violence Risk Scale: a treatment friendly violence risk assessment scale. Psychology, Public Policy and Law. 2006; 12(3): 279309.Google Scholar
Lewis, K1, Olver, ME,Wong, SCP. The Violence Risk Scale: predictive validity and linking changes in risk with violent recidivism in a sample of high risk offenders with psychopathic traits. Assessment. 2013; 20(2): 150164.Google Scholar
Olver, M, Lewis, K, Wong, SCP. Risk reduction treatment of high-risk psychopathic offenders: the relationship of psychopathy and treatment change to violent recidivism. Personality Disorder: Theory, Research and Treatment. 2013; 4(2): 160167.Google Scholar
Wong, S, Olver, M, Nicholaichuk, T, Gordon, A. Violence Risk Scale–Sexual Offender Version. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada: University of Saskatchewan and Regional Psychiatric Centre; 2003–2009.Google Scholar
Olver, ME, Wong, SCP, Nicholaichuk, TP, Gordon, A. The validity and reliability of the Violence Risk Scale–Sexual Offender version: assessing sex offender risk and evaluating therapeutic change. Psychol. Assess. 2007; 19(3): 318329.Google Scholar
Kraemer, HC, Kazdin, AE, Offord, DR, et al. Coming to terms with the terms of risk. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1997; 54(4): 337343.Google Scholar
Livesley, J. Practical Management of Personality Disorder. New York: Guilford Press; 2003.Google Scholar
Livesley, J. Common elements of effective treatment. In: van Luyn, B, Akhtar, S, Livesley, J, eds. Severe Personality Disorder. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2007: 211239.Google Scholar
Livesley, J. The relevance of an integrated approach to the treatment of personality disordered offenders. Psychology, Crime & Law. 2007; 13(1): 2746.Google Scholar
Andrews, DA, Bonta, J. The Psychology of Criminal Conduct. Cincinnati, OH: Anderson; 1994.Google Scholar
Andrews, DA, Bonta, J. The Psychology of Criminal Conduct, 5th edn. New Providence, NJ: LexisNexis; 2010.Google Scholar
National Institute of Clinical Excellence. Antisocial Personality Disorder: Treatment, Management and Prevention. London: National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health; 2009.Google Scholar
Wong, SCP, Gordon, A. The Violence Reduction Program: a treatment program for high risk violence prone offenders. Psychology, Crime, & Law. 2013; 19(5–6): 461475.Google Scholar
Nicholaichuk, T, Gordon, A, Gu, D, Wong, S. Outcome of an institutional sexual offender treatment program: a comparison between treated and matched untreated offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 2000; 12(2): 137153.Google Scholar
Olver, M,Wong, SCP, Nicholaichuk, TP. Outcome evaluation of a high intensity inpatient sex offender treatment program. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 2009; 24(3): 522536.Google Scholar
Olver, M, Wong, SCP. A description and research review of the Clearwater Sex Offender Treatment Programme. Psychology, Crime & Law. 2013; 19(5–6): 477492.Google Scholar
Gordon, A, Wong, SCP. Offense analogue behaviours as indicator of criminogenic need and treatment progress in custodial settings. In: Daffern, M, Jones, L, Shine, J. eds. Offence Paralleling Behaviour: An Individualized Approach to Offender Assessment and Treatment. Chichester, UK: Wiley; 2010: 171184.Google Scholar
Miller, WR, Rollnick, S. Motivational Interviewing: Preparing People for Change, 2nd edn. New York: Guildford; 2002.Google Scholar
Wong, SCP, Gordon, A, Gu, D. The assessment and treatment of violence-prone forensic clients: an integrated approach. Br. J. Psychiatry. 190(49): s66–s74.Google Scholar
Douglas, KS, Guy, LS, Hart, SD. Psychosis as a risk factor for violence to others: a meta-analysis. Psychol. Bull. 2009; 135(5): 679706.Google Scholar
Witt, K, van dorn, R, Fazel, S. Risk factors for violence in psychosis: systematic review and meta-regression analysis of 110 studies. PloS One. 2013; 8(2): e55942.Google Scholar
Bonta, J, Law, M, Hanson, K. The prediction of criminal and violent recidivism among mentally disordered offenders: a meta-analysis. Psychol. Bull. 1998; 123(2): 123142.Google Scholar
Bonta, J, Blais, J, Wilson, H. A theoretically informed meta-analysis of the risk for general and violent recidivism for mentally disordered offenders. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 2014; 19(3): 278287.Google Scholar
Skeem, JL, Winter, E, Kennealy, PJ, Louden, JE, Tatar, JR 2nd. Offenders with mental illness have criminogenic needs, too: toward recidivism reduction. Law Hum. Behav. 2014; 38(3): 212224.Google Scholar
Hodgins, S. Violent behaviour among people with schizophrenia: a framework for investigations of causes, and effective treatment, and prevention. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 2008; 363(1503): 25052518.Google Scholar
Moffitt, TE, Caspi, A. Childhood predictors differentiate life-course persistent and adolescence-limited antisocial pathways among males and females. Dev. Psychopathol. 2001; 13(2): 355375.Google Scholar
Tengström, A, Hodgins, S, Grann, M, Långström, N, Kullgren, G. Schizophrenia and criminal offending: the role of psychopathy and substance use disorders. Criminal Justice and Behavior. 2004; 31(4): 367391.Google Scholar
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edn. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.Google Scholar
Hodgins, S, Côté, G, Toupin, J. Major mental disorder and crime: an etiological hypothesis. In: Cooke, DJ, Forth, AD, Hare, RD, eds. Psychopathy: Theory, Research, and Implications for Society. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Kluwer Academic; 1998: 231256.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×