Materiality

doi:10.1017/9781009019927.012

Part IV - Materiality

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 July 2022

Edited by

Esther Eidinow ,

Armin W. Geertz and

John North

Show author details

Esther Eidinow: Affiliation:
University of Bristol
Armin W. Geertz: Affiliation:
Aarhus Universitet, Denmark
John North: Affiliation:
University College London

Book contents

Get access

Summary

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'

Type: Chapter
Information: Cognitive Approaches to Ancient Religious Experience , pp. 191 - 242

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009019927.012 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bibliography

Anderson, A. K. and Phelps, E. A.. 2000 ‘Perceiving Emotion: More than Meets the Eye’, Current Biology 10: 551–554.Google Scholar

Baumeister, R. F. and Leary, M. R.. 1995 ‘The Need to Belong: Desire for Interpersonal Attachments As a Fundamental Human Motivation’, Psychological Bulletin 117 (3): 497–529.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Bergquist, B. 1967. The Archaic Greek Temenos: A Study of Structure and Function. Lund.Google Scholar

Bowden, H. 2010. Mystery Cults of the Ancient World. Princeton, NJ.Google Scholar

Bremmer, J. 2014. Initiation in the Mysteries of the Ancient World. Berlin.Google Scholar

Bruce, V., Green, P., and Georgesen, M.. 2003. Visual Perception: Physiology, Psychology and Ecology. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Burkert, W. 1985. Greek Religion: Archaic and Classical. Oxford.Google Scholar

Camp, J. 2001. The Archaeology of Athens. Yale, CT.Google Scholar

Clinton, K. 1974. The Sacred Officials of the Eleusinian Mysteries. Philadelphia, PA.Google Scholar

Clinton, K. 1992. The Iconography of the Eleusinian Mysteries. Stockholm.Google Scholar

Clinton, K. 1993. ‘The Sanctuary of Demeter and Kore at Eleusis’, in Marinatos, N. and Hägg, R., eds. Greek Sanctuaries: New Approaches, 110–124. London.Google Scholar

Clinton, K. 1994. ‘The Eleusinian Mysteries and Panhellenism in Democratic Athens’, in Coulson, W., Palagia, O., Shear, T. L. Jr, Shapiro, H., and Frost, F., eds. The Archaeology of Athens and Attica under the Democracy, 161–172. Oxford.Google Scholar

Clinton, K. 2005. ‘Stages of Initiation in the Eleusinian and Samothracian Mysteries’, in Cosmopoulos, M., ed. Greek Mysteries: The Archaeology and Ritual of Ancient Greek Secret Cults, 50–78. Oxford.Google Scholar

Cole, S. 2004. Landscape, Gender and Ritual Space: The Ancient Greek Experience. Berkeley, CA.Google Scholar

Craik, F., Giovanni, R., Naveh-Benjamin, M., and Anderson, N. D.. 1996. ‘The Effects of Divided Attention on Encoding and Retrieval Processes in Human Memory’, Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 125: 159–180.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Cross, I. and Watson, A.. 2006. ‘Acoustics and the Human Experience of Socially-Organised Sound’, in Scarre, C. and Lawson, G., eds. Archaeoacoustics 107–116. Cambridge, UK.Google Scholar

de Polignac, F. 1995. Cults, Territory and the Origins of the Greek City-State (2nd ed.). Chicago, IL.Google Scholar

Decety, J. and Grèzes, J., 2016. ‘The Power of Simulation: Imagining One’s Own and Other’s Behaviours’, Brain Research 1079: 4–14.Google Scholar

Decety, J. and Jackson, P. L., 2004. ‘The Functional Architecture of Human Empathy’, Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews 3: 71–100.Google Scholar

Dillon, M. 1997. Pilgrims and Pilgrimage in Ancient Greece. London.Google Scholar

Driver, J. 2001. ‘A Selective Review of Selective Attention Research from the Past Century’, British Journal of Psychology 92: 53–78. Google Scholar

Easterbrook, J. A. 1959. ‘The Effect of Emotion on Cue Utilisation and the Organisation of Behavior’, Psychological Review 66 (3): 183–201.Google Scholar

Eidinow, E. 2018. ‘A Feeling for the Future: Ancient Greek Divination and Embodied Cognition’, in Klostergaard Petersen, A., Gilhus, I. S., Martin, L. H., Sinding Jensen, J., and Sørenson, J., eds. Evolution, Cognition, and the History of Religion: New Synthesis. Festschrift in Honour of Armin W. Geertz, 447–460. Leiden.Google Scholar

Ekroth, G. In press. ‘A Room of One’s Own?’ Exploring the Temenos Concept As Divine Property’, in Wallenstein, J., Haysom, M., and Mili, M., eds. Stuff of the Gods: The Material Aspects of Religion in Ancient Greece. Stockholm.Google Scholar

Eliade, M. 1987. The Sacred and the Profane: The Nature of Religion. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Evans, N. 2002. ‘Sacrifices and the Eleusinian Mysteries’ Numen 49 (3): 227–254.Google Scholar

Foley, H. ed. 1994. The Homeric Hymn to Demeter. Yale, CT.CrossRef Google Scholar

Forster, J., Liberman, N., and Kuschel, S.. 2008. ‘The Effect of Global Versus Local Processing Styles on Assimilation versus Contrast in Social Judgement’, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 94 (4): 579–599. Google Scholar

Freedman, J., Birsky, J., and Cavoukian, A.. 1980. ‘Environmental Determinants of Behavioural Contagion: Density and Number’, Basic and Applied Social Psychology 1 (2): 155–161.CrossRef Google Scholar

Friston, K. 2010. ‘The Free-Energy Principle: A Unified Brain Theory?’, Nature Reviews Neuroscience 11 (2): 127–138.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Friston, K. and Kiebel, S.. 2009. ‘Predictive Coding under the Free-Energy Principle’, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 364 (1521): 1211–1221.Google Scholar

Frith, C. 2007. Making Up the Mind: How the Brain Creates Our Mental World. Oxford.Google Scholar

Gerstel, S. ed. 2006. Thresholds of the Sacred: Architectural, Art Historical, Liturgical, and Theological Perspectives on Religious Screens. Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar

Goette, H. 2001. Athens, Attica and the Megarid: An Archaeological Guide. Oxford.Google Scholar

Hamilakis, Y. 2013. Archaeology of the Senses: Human Experience, Memory and Affect. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Hatfield, E. J. Cacioppo, , and Rapson, R.. 1992. ‘Primitive Emotional Contagion’, in Clark, M. S., ed. Review of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 14. Emotion and Social Behaviour, 151–177. Thousand Oaks, CA.Google Scholar

Hatfield, E., Cacioppo, J., and Rapson, R.. 1993. ‘Emotional Contagion’, Current Directions in Psychological Science 2 (3): 96–99.Google Scholar

Hatfield, E., Cacioppo, J., and Rapson, R.. 1994. Emotional Contagion. Cambridge, UK.Google Scholar

Helmer, M. and Chicoine, D.. 2013. ‘Soundscapes and Community Organisation in Ancient Peru: Plaza Architecture at the Early Horizon Centre of Caylan’, Antiquity 87: 92–107.Google Scholar

Hewitt, J. 1909. ‘The Major Restrictions on Access to Greek Temples’, Transactions of the American Philological Association 40: 83–91.CrossRef Google Scholar

Hollinshead, M. 2012. ‘Monumental Steps and the Shaping of Ceremony’ in Wescoat, B. and Ousterhout, R., eds. Architecture of the Sacred: Space, Ritual and Experience from Classical Greece to Byzantium, 27–65. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Hollinshead, M. 2015. Shaping Ceremony: Monumental Steps and Greek Architecture. Madison, WI.Google Scholar

Jameson, M. H. 2014. ‘The Spectacular and the Obscure in Athenian Religion’, in Jameson, M. H., Cults and Rites in Ancient Greece: Essays on Religion and Society, 270–290. Cambridge, UK.Google Scholar

Jones, L. 2000. The Hermeneutics of Sacred Architecture (vols. 1 & 2). Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar

Knowlton, B. J. and Fanselow, M. S.. 1998. ‘The Hippocampus, Consolidation and On-Line Memory’, Current Opinion in Neurobiology 8 (2): 293–296.Google Scholar

Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M.. 1999. Philosophy in the Flesh: The Embodied Mind and Its Challenge to Western Thought. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Larson, J. 2016. Understanding Greek Religion: A Cognitive Approach. London.Google Scholar

Lavie, N. 1995. ‘Perceptual Load As a Necessary Condition for Selective Attention’, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 21: 451–468.Google Scholar

Lippolis, E. 2006. Mysteria: Archeologia e culto del santuario di Demetra a Eleusi. Milan.Google Scholar

Mallwitz, A. 1972. Olympia und seine Bauten. Munich.Google Scholar

Maran, J. 2006. ‘Mycenaean Citadels As Performative Spaces’, in Maran, J., Juwig, C., Schwengel, H., and Thaler, U., eds. Constructing Power: Architecture, Ideology and Social Practice, 75–92. Hamburg.Google Scholar

Mattern, T. 2006. ‘Architektur und Ritual. Architektur also funktionaler Rahmen antiker Kultpraxis’, in Mylonopoulos, J. and Roder, H., eds. Archäologie und Ritual auf der Suche nach der rituellen Handlung in den antiken Kulturen Aegyptens und Griechenlands, 167–183. Vienna.Google Scholar

Mikalson, J. 1983. Athenian Popular Religion. Chapel Hill, NC.Google Scholar

Miles, M. 2012. ‘Entering Demeter’s Gateway: The Roman Propylon in the City Eleusinion’, in Wescoat, B. and Ousterhout, R., eds. Architecture of the Sacred: Space, Ritual and Experience from Classical Greece to Byzantium, 114–151. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Mylonas, G. 1961. Eleusis and the Eleusinian Mysteries. Princeton, NJ.Google Scholar

Mylonopoulos, J. 2006. ‘Greek Sanctuaries As Places of Communication through Rituals: An Archaeological Perspective’ in Stavrianopoulou, E., ed. Ritual and Communication in the Graeco-Roman World, 69–110. Liège.Google Scholar

Mylonopoulos, J. 2008. ‘The Dynamics of Ritual Space in the Hellenistic and Roman East’, Kernos 21: 49–79.CrossRef Google Scholar

Mylonopoulos, J. 2011. ‘Divine Images behind Bars: The Semantics of Barriers in Greek Temples’, in Haysom, M. and Wallensten, J., eds. Current Approaches to Religion in Ancient Greece, 269–292. Athens.Google Scholar

Neisser, U. and Harsch, N.. 1992. ‘Phantom Flashbulbs: False Recollections of Hearing News about the Challenger’, in Winograd, E. and Neisser, U., eds. Affect and Accuracy in Recall: Studies of ‘Flashbulb’ Memories, 9–31. London.Google Scholar

Parker, R. 2005. Polytheism and Society at Athens. Oxford.Google Scholar

Parker-Pearson, M. and Richards, C.. eds. 1994. Architecture and Order: Approaches to Social Space. Oxford.Google Scholar

Phelps, E. 2006. ‘Emotion and Cognition: Insights from Studies of the Human Amygdala’, Annual Review of Psychology 57: 27–53.Google Scholar

Pucci, M. 2006. ‘Enclosing Open Spaces: The Organisation of External Areas in Syro-Hittite Architecture’, in Maran, J., Juwig, C., Schwengel, H., and Thaler, U., eds. Constructing Power: Architecture, Ideology and Social Practice, 169–175. Hamburg.Google Scholar

Purves, D., Cabeza, R., Huettel, S., LaBar, K., Platt, M., and Woldroff, M.. 2013. Principles of Cognitive Neuroscience. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Rapoport, A. 1990. The Meaning of the Built Environment. A Nonverbal Communication Approach. Beverley Hills, CA.Google Scholar

Richardson, J. H. 1974. The Homeric Hymn to Demeter. Oxford.Google Scholar

Robertson, N. 1999. ‘The Sequence of Days at the Thesmophoria and at the Eleusinian Mysteries’, Classical Views 43 (18): 1–35.Google Scholar

Rosenblum, L. 2010. See What I’m Saying: The Extraordinary Powers of our Five Senses. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Roussel, P. 1930. ‘L’initiation prélable et le symbole Éleusinien’, Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 54: 51–74.Google Scholar

Ruck, C. 2006. Sacred Mushrooms of the Goddess. Berkeley, CA.Google Scholar

Schjoedt, U. 2019. ‘Predictive Coding in the Study of Religion: A Believer’s Testimony’, in Petersen, A. K., Gilhus, I., Martin, L., Jensen, J., and Sørenson, J., eds. Evolution, Cognition, and the History of Religion: A New Synthesis, 364–379. Leiden.Google Scholar

Schjoedt, U. and Jensen, J. S.. 2018. ‘Depletion and Deprivation: Social Functional Pathways to a Shared Metacognition’, in Proust, J. and Fortier, M., eds. Metacognitive Diversity: An Interdisciplinary Approach, 319–342. Oxford.Google Scholar

Schjoedt, U., Nielbo, K. L., Xygalatas, D., Mitkidis, P., and Bulbulia, J.. 2013a. ‘Cognitive Resource Depletion in Religious Interactions’, Religion, Brain & Behavior 3 (1): 39–55.CrossRef Google Scholar

Schjoedt, U., Nielbo, K. L., Xygalatas, D., Mitkidis, P., and Bulbulia, J.. 2013b. ‘The Resource Model and the Principle of Predictive Coding: A Framework for Analyzing Proximate Effects of Ritual’, Religion, Brain & Behavior 3 (1): 79–86. CrossRef Google Scholar

Scott, M. 2010. Delphi and Olympia: The Spatial Politics of Panhellenism in the Archaic and Classical Periods. Cambridge, UK.Google Scholar

Scott, M. 2012. Space and Society in the Greek and Roman Worlds. Cambridge, UK.Google Scholar

Scott, M. 2015. ‘Temples and Sanctuaries’ in Eidinow, E. and Kindt, J., eds. Oxford Handbook to Ancient Greek Religion, 227–240. Oxford.Google Scholar

Smith, J. Z. 1987. To Take Place: Towards Theory in Ritual. Chicago.Google Scholar

Snodgrass, A. M. 1986. ‘Interaction by Design: The Greek City-State’, in Renfrew, C. and Cherry, J. F., eds. Peer-Polity Interaction and Socio-Political Change, 47–58. Cambridge, UK.Google Scholar

Sourvinou-Inwood, C. 2003. ‘Mysteries: Aspects of the Eleusinian Cult’, in Cosmopoulos, M., ed. Greek Mysteries: The Archaeology and Ritual of Ancient Greek Secret Cults, 25–49. Oxford.Google Scholar

Spawforth, A. 2006. The Complete Greek Temples. London.Google Scholar

Squire, L. R. and Zola-Morgan, S.. 1991. ‘The Medial Temporal Lobe Memory System’, Science 253 (5026): 1380–1386.Google Scholar

Steidle, A, Werth, L., and Hanke, E-V.. 2011. ‘You Can’t See Much in the Dark: Darkness Affects Construal Level and Psychological Distance’, Social Psychology 42 (3): 174–184. Google Scholar

Steidle, A. E-V. Hanke, , and Werth, L.. 2013. ‘In the Dark We Cooperate: The Situated Nature of Procedural Embodiment’, Social Cognition 31 (2): 275–300.Google Scholar

Talarico, J. M. and Rubin, D. C.. 2003. ‘Confidence, Not Consistency, Characterises Flashbulb Memories’, Psychological Science 14: 455–461. Google Scholar

Tilley, C. 2004. The Materiality of Stone: Explorations in the Landscape Phenomenology. Oxford.Google Scholar

Tomlinson, R. 1976. Greek Sanctuaries. London.Google Scholar

Travlos, J. 1988. Bildlexicon zur Topographie des antiken Attika. Tubingen.Google Scholar

Treisman, A. 1988. ‘Features and Objects: The Fourteenth Bartlett Memorial Lecture’, Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 40A: 201–237.Google Scholar

Trope, Y. and Liberman, N.. 2010. ‘Construal-level Theory of Psychological Distance’, Psychological Review 117 (2): 440–463.Google Scholar

Watson, A. and Keating, D. 1999. ‘Architecture and Sound: An Acoustic Analysis of Megalithic Monuments in Prehistoric Britain’, Antiquity 73: 325–336. Google Scholar

Wescoat, B. and Ousterhoust, R.. eds. 2012a. Architecture of the Sacred: Space, Ritual and Experience from Classical Greece to Byzantium. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Wescoat, B. and Ousterhoust, R.. 2012b. ‘Preface’ in Wescoat, B. and Ousterhout, R., eds. Architecture of the Sacred: Space, Ritual and Experience from Classical Greece to Byzantium, xxi–xxiv. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Whalen, P. J. 1998. ‘Fear, Vigilance and Ambiguity: Initial Neuroimaging Studies of the Human Amygdala’, Current Directions Psychological Science 7: 177–188.Google Scholar

Yang, W. and Kang, J.. 2005. ‘Acoustic Comfort Evaluation in Urban Open Public Spaces’, Applied Acoustics 66: 211–229.Google Scholar

Zhong, C-B., Bohns, V. K., and Gino, F.. 2010. ‘Good Lamps Are the Best Police: Darkness Increases Dishonesty and Self-Interested Behaviour’, Psychological Science 21 (3): 311–314.Google Scholar

Bibliography

Adamson, P. 2015. Philosophy in the Hellenistic and Roman Worlds, vol. 2. Oxford.Google Scholar

Adrych, P., Bracey, R., Dalglish, D., Lenk, S., and Wood, R.. 2017. Images of Mithra. Oxford.Google Scholar

Allen, M. R. 1967. Male Cults and Secret Initiations in Melanesia. Melbourne.Google Scholar

Beard, M., North, J., and Price, S.. 1998. Religions of Rome, vol. 1: A History. Cambridge.Google Scholar

Beck, R. 1976. ‘Cautes and Cautopates: Some Astronomical Considerations’, Journal of Mithraic Studies 2(1): 1–17 (rpt. in Beck. 2004. Beck on Mithraism: Collected Works with New Essays, 133–149. Aldershot).Google Scholar

Beck, R. 1996. The Religion of the Mithras Cult in the Roman Empire: Mysteries of the Unconquered Sun. Oxford.Google Scholar

Beck, R. 1998. ‘The Mysteries of Mithras: A New Account of their Genesis’, Journal of Roman Studies 88: 115–128 (rpt. in Beck. 2004. Beck on Mithraism: Collected Works with New Essays, 31–44. Aldershot).Google Scholar

Beck, R. 2000. ‘Ritual, Myth, Doctrine, and Initiation in the Mysteries of Mithras: New Evidence from a Cult Vessel’, Journal of Roman Studies 90: 145–180 (rpt. in Beck. 2004. Beck on Mithraism: Collected Works with New Essays, 55–92. Aldershot).Google Scholar

Beck, R. 2006. The Religion of the Mithras Cult in the Roman Empire. Oxford.Google Scholar

Bloch, M. 1992. Prey into Hunter: The Politics of Religious Experience. Cambridge.Google Scholar

Bøgh, B. S. ed. 2014. Conversion and Initiation in Antiquity. Shifting Identities – Creating Change. Frankfurt.Google Scholar

Boyd, B. 2009. On the Origin of Stories: Evolution, Cognition, and Fiction. Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar

Boyer, P. and Liénard, P.. 2006. ‘Why Ritualized Behavior? Precaution Systems and Action Parsing in Development, Pathological and Cultural Rituals’, Behavioral and Brain Sciences 29: 595–650.CrossRef Google Scholar

Brady, T. F., Konkle, T., Alvarez, G. A., and Oliva, A.. 2008. ‘Visual Long-term Memory Has a Massive Storage Capacity for Object Details’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105(38): 14325–14329.Google Scholar

Brashear, W. M. 1992. A Mithraic Catechism from Egypt. Tyche Supplementband 1. Vienna.Google Scholar

Bremmer, J. N. 2014. Initiation into the Mysteries of the Ancient World. Berlin.Google Scholar

Budgen, F. 1972. James Joyce and the Making of ‘Ulysses’ and Other Writings. London.Google Scholar

Chalupa, A. 2008. ‘Seven Mithraic Grades: An Initiatory or Priestly Hierarchy?‘ Religio: revue pro religionistiku 16(2): 177–201.Google Scholar

Chalupa, A., Výtvarová, E., Mertel, A., Fousek, J., Hampeis, T.. 2021. ‘The Network(s) of Mithraism: Discussing the Role of the Roman Army in the Spread of Mithraism and the Question of Interregional Communication.’ Religio: Revue pro Religionistiku 29(2): 107–131.Google Scholar

Chaniotis, A. ed. 2012. Unveiling Emotions: Sources and Methods for the Study of Emotions in the Greek World. Stuttgart.Google Scholar

Chaniotis, A. and Ducrey, P., eds. 2013. Unveiling Emotions II. Emotions in Greece and Rome: Texts, Images, Material Culture. Stuttgart.Google Scholar

Chaniotis, A., Kaltsas, N., and Mylonopoulos, I., eds. 2017. A World of Emotions: Ancient Greece 700 BC – 200 AD. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Clasen, M. 2017. Why Horror Seduces. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Clauss, M. 2001. The Roman Cult of Mithras. London.Google Scholar

Coarelli, F. 1979. ‘Topographia Mithraica di Roma’, in Bianchi, U., ed. Mysteria Mithrae, Atti del Seminario Internazionale su La specificatà storico-religiosa dei Misteri di Mithra, con particolare riferimento alle fonti documentarie di Roma e Ostia, 69–79. Leiden.Google Scholar

Cohen, E. E., Ejsmond-Frey, R., Knight, N., and Dunbar, R. I.. 2010. ‘Rowers’ High: Behavioural Synchrony Is Correlated with Elevated Pain Thresholds’, Biological Letters 6(1):106–108.Google Scholar

Collar, A. 2013. Religious Networks in the Roman Empire: The Spread of New Ideas. Cambridge.Google Scholar

Cumont, F. 1956 [1911]. Oriental Religions in Roman Paganism, rpt. of authorized translation with Introduction by Grant Showerman. Chicago, IL.Google Scholar

Cumont, F. 1960 [1912]. Astrology and Religion among the Greeks and Romans. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Damasio, A. 1994. Descartes’ Error: Emotion, Reason and the Human Brain. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Daniels, C. M. 1975. ‘The Role of the Roman Army in the Spread and Practice of Mithraism’, in Hinnells, J. R., ed. Mithraic Studies, 249–274. Manchester.Google Scholar

Dawkins, R. 1999. The Extended Phenotype. Oxford.Google Scholar

Dawkins, R. 2006. The God Delusion. London.Google Scholar

Dennett, D. C. 1991. Consciousness Explained. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Dennett, D. C. 2017. From Bacteria to Bach and Back: The Evolution of Minds. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Dunbar, R. I. 2016. ‘The Social Brain Hypothesis and Human Evolution’, in S. Sherman, Murray, ed. Research Encyclopedia for Neuroscience, 1–33. Oxford.Google Scholar

Edwards, J. 1960 [1746]. ‘Treatise Concerning Religious Affections’, in Smith, H. S, Handy, R. T., and Loetsche, L. A., eds. American Christianity: A Historical Interpretation with Representative Documents, Vol I: 1607–1820, 341–349. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Elsner, J. 1998. Imperial Rome and Christian Triumph: The Art of the Roman Empire AD 100–450. Oxford.Google Scholar

Fernández-Armesto, F. 2015. A Foot in the River: Why our Lives Change and the Limits of Evolution. Oxford.Google Scholar

Fisher, W. R. 1985. ‘The Narrative Paradigm: In the Beginning’, Journal of Communication 35(4): 74–89.Google Scholar

Galen, L. 2017. ‘Overlapping Mental Magisteria: Implications of Experimental Psychology for a Theory of Religious Belief as Misattribution’, Method & Theory in the Study of Religion 29(3): 221–267.Google Scholar

Geertz, A. W. and Jensen, J. S.. 2011. Religious Narrative, Cognition and Culture: Image and Word in the Mind of Narrative. London.Google Scholar

Godoy, L. D., Rossignoli, M. T., Delfino-Pereira, P., Garcia-Cairasco, N., and Henrique de Lima Umeoka, E.. 2018. ‘A Comprehensive Overview on Stress Neurobiology: Basic Concepts and Clinical Implications’, Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience 12(127): 1–23.Google Scholar

Gordon, R. 1996a [1980]. ‘Panelled Complications’, in Gordon, R., Image and Value in the Graeco-Roman World: Studies in Mithraism and Religious Art, 9: 200–227. Aldershot.Google Scholar

Gordon, R. 1996b [1988]. ‘Authority, Salvation and Mystery in the Mysteries of Mithras’, in Gordon, R., Image and Value in the Graeco-Roman World: Studies in Mithraism and Religious Art, 4: 45–80. Aldershot.Google Scholar

Green, D. G. 2000. ‘Visual Acuity, Color Vision, and Adaptation’, in Albert, D. M., Jakobiec, F. A., and Azar, D. T., eds. Principles and Practices of Ophthalmology, 3 vols. (2nd ed.), vol. 3, 1673–1689. Philadelphia, PA.Google Scholar

Greene, Robert L. 1987. ‘Effects of Maintenance Rehearsal on Human Memory’, Psychological Bulletin 102(3): 403–413.Google Scholar

Harari, Y. N. 2014. Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind. London.Google Scholar

Hegedus, T. 2007. Early Christianity and Ancient Astrology. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Heintzelman, S. J., Trent, J., and King, L. A.. 2013. ‘Encounters with Objective Coherence and the Experience of Meaning in Life’, Psychological Science 24(6): 991–998.Google Scholar

Herz, R. S., Eliassen, J., Beland, S., and Souza, T.. 2004. ‘Neuroimaging Evidence for the Emotional Potency of Odor-evoked Memory’, Neuropsychologia 42: 371–378.Google Scholar

Hoffecker, J. F. 2011. Landscape of the Mind: Human Evolution and the Archaeology of Thought. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Horn, H. G. 1994. ‘Das Mainzer Mithrasgefäss’, Mainzer Archäologische Zeitschrift 1: 21–66.Google Scholar

James, W. 2008 [1902]. The Varieties of Religious Experience. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Kandel, E. R. 2012. The Age of Insight: The Quest to Understand the Unconscious in Art, Mind, and Brain. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Kosfeld, M., Heinrichs, M., Zak, P. J., Fischbacher, U., and Fehr, E.. 2005. ‘Oxytocin Increases Trust in Humans’, Nature 435: 673–676.Google Scholar

Landry, M., Appourchaux, K., and Raz, A.. 2014. ‘Elucidating Unconscious Processing with Instrumental Hypnosis’, Frontiers in Psychology 5(785): 7–24.Google Scholar

Ledoux, J. 2019. The Deep History of Ourselves: The Four-Billion-Year Story of How We Got Conscious Brains. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Lehrer, J. 2007. Proust Was a Neuroscientist. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Lentacker, A., Ervynck, A., and Van Neer, W.. 2004. ‘The Symbolic Meaning of the Cock. The Animal Remains from the Mithraeum at Tienen (Belgium)’, in Martens, M. and De Boe, G., eds. Roman Mithraism: The Evidence of the Small Finds, 191–200. Brussels.Google Scholar

Levitin, D. J. 2009. The World in Six Songs: How the Musical Brain Created Human Nature. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Lewis, C. T. and Short, C.. 1879. A Latin Dictionary. Oxford.Google Scholar

Lewis-Williams, D. 2002. The Mind in the Cave: Consciousness and the Origins of Art. London.Google Scholar

Liebeschuetz, W. 1994. ‘The Expansion of Mithraism among the Religious Cults of the Second Century’, in Hinnells, J. R., ed. Mithraic Studies, 195–216. Rome.Google Scholar

Lindahl, J. R., Kaplan, C. T., Winget, E. W., and Britton, W. B.. 2014. ‘A Phenomenology of Meditation-induced Light Experiences: Traditional Buddhist and Neurobiological Perspectives’, Frontiers in Psychology 4.973: 1–16.Google Scholar

Lindahl, J. R., Fisher, N. E., Cooper, D. J., Rosen, R. K., and Britton, W. B.. 2017. ‘The Varieties of Contemplative Experience: A Mixed-methods Study of Meditation-related Challenges in Western Buddhists’, PLOS One 12(5). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176239 [accessed 10 January 2020].Google Scholar

MacKay, D. M. 1968. ‘Electroencephalogram Potentials Evoked by Accelerated Visual Motion’, Nature 217: 677–678.Google Scholar

Macknik, S. L. and Martinez-Conde, S.. 2010. Slights of Mind: What the Neuroscience of Magic Reveals about our Everyday Deceptions. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Malafouris, L. 2013. How Things Shape the Mind: A Theory of Material Engagement. Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar

Martin, L. H. 1987. Hellenistic Religions: An Introduction. Oxford.Google Scholar

Martin, L. H. 2013a. ‘The Ecology of Threat Detection and Precautionary Response from the Perspectives of Evolutionary Psychology and Historiography: The Case of the Roman Cults of Mithras’, Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 25(4–5):431–450.Google Scholar

Martin, L. H. 2013b. ‘When Size Matters: Social Formations in the Graeco-Roman World’, in Hodge, C. J., Olyan, S. M., Ullucci, D., and Wasserman, E., eds. The One Who Sows Bountifully: Essays in Honor of Stanley K. Stowers, 229–241. Providence, RI.Google Scholar

Martin, L. H. 2014. Secular Theory, Deep History: Scientific Studies of Religion, Collected Essays of Luther H. Martin. Berlin.CrossRef Google Scholar

Martin, L. H. ed. 2015. The Mind of Mithraists: Historical and Cognitive Studies in the Roman Cult of Mithras. London.Google Scholar

Martin, L. H. 2018a. ‘Light from the Cave: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on a History of Religions Example’, in Petersen, A. K., Gilhus, I., Martin, L. H., Jensen, J., and Sørensen, J., eds. Evolution, Cognition, and the History of Religion: A New Synthesis, 524–535. Leiden.Google Scholar

Martin, L. H. 2018b. ‘Was There a Network of Roman Mithraists?’, Religio: Revue pro Religionistiku 25(2): 167–182.Google Scholar

Martin, L. H. 2021. ‘Seeing the Mithraic Tauroctony.’ Numen 68(4): 357–381.Google Scholar

Martinez-Conde, S. and Macknik, S. L.. 2013. ‘The Neuroscience of Illusion.’ Scientific American Mind 20(3s): 6–9.Google Scholar

Mastrocinque, A. 2017. The Mysteries of Mithras: A Different Account. Tübingen.Google Scholar

McNab, B. K. 1997. ‘On the Utility of Uniformity in the Definition of Basal Rate of Metabolism’, Physiological Zoology 70(6): 718–720.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

Meiggs, R. 1973. Roman Ostia. Oxford.Google Scholar

Merkelbach, R. 1984. Mithras. Königstein.Google Scholar

Nisbett, R. E. and Wilson, T. D.. 1977. ‘Telling More than We Can Know: Verbal Reports on Mental Processes’, Psychological Review 84(3): 231–259.Google Scholar

Pachis, P. 2008. ‘Hominibus Vagis Vitam: The Wandering of Homo Hellenisticus in an Age of Transformation’, in Braun, W. and McCutcheon, R. T., eds. Introducing Religion: Essays in Honor of Jonathan Z. Smith, 388–405. London.Google Scholar

Packard, V. 1957. The Hidden Persuaders. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Panagiotidou, O. 2012. ‘The Cognitive Route of ‘Star-talk’: The Scene of the Tauroctony As a System of Signs’, Pantheon 7(1): 70–78.Google Scholar

Panagiotidou, O. with Beck, R.. 2017. The Roman Mithras Cult: A Cognitive Approach. London.Google Scholar

Parks, G. S. and Burgess, J.. 2019. ‘Hazing in the United States Military: A Psychology and Law Perspective’, Southern California Interdisciplinary Law Journal 29(1): 1–63.Google Scholar

Plassmann, H., O’Doherty, J., Shiv, B., and Rangel, A.. 2008. ‘Marketing Actions Can Modulate Neural Representations of Experienced Pleasantness’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105(3): 1050–1054.Google Scholar

Playfair, W. 1786. The Commercial and Political Atlas: Representing, by Means of Stained Copper-plate Charts, the Progress of the Commerce, Revenues, Expenditure and Debts of England During the Whole of the Eighteenth Century. London.Google Scholar

Pronin, E. 2009. ‘The Introspection Illusion’, Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 41: 1–67.Google Scholar

Proudfoot, W. 1985. Religious Experience. Berkeley, CA.Google Scholar

Ranke, K. 1967. ‘Kategorienprobleme der Volksprosa’, Fabula 9: 4–2. English translation by Carl Lindahl. 1981. ‘Problems of Categories in Folk Prose’, Folklore Forum 14(1): 1–17.Google Scholar

Ridley, M. 2010. The Rational Optimist: How Prosperity Evolves. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Rosenberg, A. 2018. How History Gets Things Wrong: The Neuroscience of Our Addiction to Stories. Cambridge MA.Google Scholar

Rubin, D. 1995. Memory in Oral Traditions: The Cognitive Psychology of Epic, Ballads, and Counting-out Rhymes. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Ruck, C. A. P., Hoffman, M. A., and Celdrán, J. A. G.. 2011. Mushrooms, Myth and Mithras: The Drug Cult that Civilized Europe. San Francisco, CA.Google Scholar

Ryle, G. 1949. ‘Descartes’ Myth’, in Ryle, G., The Concept of Mind, 11–24. London.Google Scholar

Sanders, E. and Johncock, M.. 2016. Emotion and Persuasion in Classical Antiquity. Stuttgart.Google Scholar

Schnider, A. 2008. The Confabulating Mind: How the Brain Creates Reality. Oxford.Google Scholar

Schooler, J. and Schreiber, C.. 2004. ‘Experience, Meta-Consciousness, and the Paradox of Introspection’, Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 129: 27–42.Google Scholar

Seckel, A. 2004. Masters of Deception: Escher, Dali and the Artists of Optical Illusion. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Shryock, A. and Smail, D. L., eds. 2011. Deep History: The Architecture of Past and Present. Berkeley, CA.Google Scholar

Simone, T. 2013. ‘‘Met him pike hoses’: Ulysses and the Neurology of Reading’, in Gold, M. and Sicker, P., eds. Joyce Studies Annual, 207–237. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Smail, D. L. 2008. On Deep History and the Brain. Berkeley, CA.Google Scholar

Smith, J. Z. 1990. On the Comparison of Early Christianities and the Religions of Late Antiquity. Chicago.Google Scholar

Speidel, M. 1980. Mithras-Orion: Greek Hero and Roman Army God. Leiden.Google Scholar

Stock, B. 1983. The Implications of Literacy: Written Language and Models of Interpretation in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries. Princeton, NJ.Google Scholar

Strenski, I. 2019. ‘Much Ado about Quite a Lot: A Response to Alessandro Testa’s Review of Strenski, Understanding Theories of Religion’, Studi e Materiali di Storia delle Religioni 85(1): 365–388.Google Scholar

Tarr, B., Launay, J., Cohen, E., and Dunbar, R.. 2015. ‘Synchrony and Exertion during Dance Independently Raise Pain Threshold and Encourage Social Bonding’, Biology Letters 11. https://doi.org/%2010.1098/rsbl.2015.0767. Published on-line 28 October 2015.Google Scholar

Taves, A. 2009. Religious Experience Reconsidered: A Building Block Approach to the Study of Religion and Other Special Things. Princeton, NJ.Google Scholar

Turcan, R. (trans. A. Nevill). 1996. The Cults of the Roman Empire. Oxford.Google Scholar

Tylor, E. B. 1958 [1871]. Primitive Culture. Part II: Religion in Primitive Culture. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Ulansey, D. 1989. The Origins of the Mithraic Mysteries: Cosmology and Salvation in the Ancient World. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Ulansey, D. 1991. ‘The Heavenly Veil Torn: Mark’s Cosmic “Inclusio”’, Journal of Biblical Literature 110(1): 123–125.Google Scholar

Vermaseren, M. J. (trans. T. and V. Megaw). 1963. Mithras: The Secret God. New York, NY.Google Scholar

Vermaseren, M. J. 1971. Mithraica I: The Mithraeum at S. Maria Capua Vetere. Leiden.Google Scholar

Vermaseren, M. J. and Van Essen, C. C.. 1965. The Excavations in the Mithraeum of the Church of Santa Prisca on the Aventine. Leiden.Google Scholar

Verplanck, W. S. 1949. ‘Night Vision: The Terminal Visual Thresholds’, in Barens, C., ed. The Eye and Its Diseases (2nd ed.), 203–209. Philadelphia, PA.Google Scholar

White, A. 2015. ‘Smells Ring Bells: How Smell Triggers Memories and Emotions: Brain Anatomy May Explain Why Some Smells Conjure Vivid Memories and Emotions’, Psychology Today.Com. www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/brain-babble/201501/smells-ring-bells-how-smell-triggers-memories-and-emotions [accessed 10 January 2020].Google Scholar

Whitehouse, H. 1995. Inside the Cult: Religious Innovation and Transmission in Papua New Guinea. Oxford.Google Scholar

Whitehouse, H. 2021. The Ritual Animal: Imitation and Cohesion in the Evolution of Social Complexity. Oxford.Google Scholar

Whitehouse, R. 2001. ‘A Tale of Two Caves: The Archaeology of Religious Experience in Mediterranean Europe’, in Biehl, P. F. and Bertemes, F., eds. The Archaeology of Cult and Religion, 161–167. Budapest.Google Scholar

Winslow, D. 1999. ‘Rites of Passage and Group Bonding in the Canadian Airborne’, Armed Forces & Society 25(3): 429–457.Google Scholar

Wittig, R. M., Crockford, C., Deschner, T., Langergrabe, K. E., Ziegler, T. E., and Zuberbühler, K.. 2014. ‘Food Sharing Is Linked to Urinary Oxytocin Levels and Bonding in Related and Unrelated Wild Chimpanzees’, Proceedings of the Royal Society B 281(1778): 20133096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.3096.Google Scholar

Ziamou, L. 2014. ‘Where Art Meets Science: A Conversation with Dr. Hank Hine on Marvels of Illusion at The Dali Museum’, Huffington Post, August 14. www.huffingtonpost.com/lilia-ziamou/where-art-meets-science-a-conversation-with-hank-hine_b_5709295.html [accessed 10 January 2020].Google Scholar

Zunshine, L. 2006. Why We Read Fiction. Theory of Mind and the Novel. Columbus, OH.Google Scholar

Zunshine, L. ed. 2010. Introduction to Cognitive Cultural Studies. Baltimore, MD.Google Scholar

Book contents

Part IV - Materiality

Summary

Access options

References

Bibliography

Bibliography

Save book to Kindle

Save book to Dropbox

Save book to Google Drive