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1 - Anatomical and physiological changes in pregnancyand their implications in clinical practice

from Section 1 - GeneralPrinciples

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 November 2012

By
Niraj Yanamandra  and
Edwin Chandraharan
Edited by
Edwin Chandraharan  and
Sabaratnam Arulkumaran
Edwin Chandraharan
Affiliation:
St George’s University of London
Sabaratnam Arulkumaran
Affiliation:
St George’s University of London
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Summary

Pregnancy is associated with profound anatomical, physiological, biochemical and endocrine changes that affect multiple organs and systems. Red blood cell (RBC) volume falls during the first 8 weeks of pregnancy, increasing back to non-pregnant levels by 16 weeks and then rising to 30 percentage above non-pregnant levels by term. Marked physiological changes of cardiovascular system, respiratory system, renal system, and gastrointestinal system are significantly observed. During pregnancy the skin undergoes a number of changes, mainly thought to be due to hormonal changes. The additional demand for folate during pregnancy leads to a rapid fall in red cell folate and to a high incidence of megaloblastic anaemia in those women taking anticonvulsant drugs for control of epilepsy. For appendicectomy the type of incision depends on the gestation and the location of the appendix. The routine use of urinalysis for monitoring of glycaemic control during pregnancy is unreliable.
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Chapter
Information
Obstetric and Intrapartum Emergencies
A Practical Guide to Management
 , pp. 1 - 8
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2012

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