Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-cfpbc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-16T22:57:08.964Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Emotions in attacker-defender conflicts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2019

Patricia Cernadas Curotto
Affiliation:
Laboratory for the Study of Emotion Elicitation and Expression, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerlandpatricia.cernadas@unige.chhttp://cms.unige.ch/fapse/EmotionLab/Members/patricia-cernadas-curotto/ Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, 1202 Genève, Switzerlanddavid.sander@unige.chhttp://cms.unige.ch/fapse/EmotionLab/Members/david-sander/ Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, 46150, Israeleran.halperin@idc.ac.ilhttps://www.eranhalperin.com/
Eran Halperin
Affiliation:
Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, 46150, Israeleran.halperin@idc.ac.ilhttps://www.eranhalperin.com/
David Sander
Affiliation:
Laboratory for the Study of Emotion Elicitation and Expression, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerlandpatricia.cernadas@unige.chhttp://cms.unige.ch/fapse/EmotionLab/Members/patricia-cernadas-curotto/ Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, 1202 Genève, Switzerlanddavid.sander@unige.chhttp://cms.unige.ch/fapse/EmotionLab/Members/david-sander/
Olga Klimecki
Affiliation:
Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, 1202 Genève, Switzerlanddavid.sander@unige.chhttp://cms.unige.ch/fapse/EmotionLab/Members/david-sander/ Department of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1202 Genève, Switzerland. olga.klimecki@unige.chhttps://olgaklimecki.com/

Abstract

The distinction between attackers and defenders might help refine the understanding of the role of emotions in conflicts. Here, we briefly discuss differences between attackers and defenders in terms of appraisals, action tendencies, emotional preferences, and brain activities. Finally, we outline how attackers and defenders may differ in their response to emotion-based interventions that aim to promote conflict resolution.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arnsten, A. F. T. (2009) Stress signalling pathways that impair prefrontal cortex structure and function. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 10(6):410–22. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2648.Google Scholar
Bar-Tal, D. (2013) Intractable conflicts: Socio-psychological foundations and dynamics. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bar-Tal, D., Halperin, E. & De Rivera, J. (2007) Collective emotions in conflict situations: Societal implications. Journal of Social Issues 63(2):441–60. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00518.x.Google Scholar
Cernadas Curotto, P., Sander, D., Halperin, E. & Klimecki, O. (in preparation) The impact of compassion and emotion regulation training on conflict resolution.Google Scholar
Davidson, R. J., Putnam, K. M. & Larson, C. L. (2000) Dysfunction in the neural circuitry of emotion regulation – A possible prelude to violence. Science 289(5479):591–94. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.289.5479.591.Google Scholar
Fontaine, J. R. J., Scherer, K. R., Roesch, E. B. & Ellsworth, P. C. (2007) The world of emotions is not two-dimensional. Psychological Science 18(12):10501057. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.02024.x.Google Scholar
Giancola, P. R. (1995) Evidence for dorsolateral and orbital prefrontal cortical involvement in the expression of aggressive behavior. Aggressive Behavior 21(6):431–50. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-2337(1995)21:6<431::AID-AB2480210604>3.0.CO;2-Q.3.0.CO;2-Q.>Google Scholar
Goetz, J., Keltner, D. & Simon-Thomas, E. (2010) Compassion: An evolutionary analysis and empirical review. Psychological Bulletin 136(3):351–74. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018807.Google Scholar
Gross, J. J. (1998) The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review. Review of General Psychology 2(3):271–99. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.271.Google Scholar
Gross, J. J. (2001) Emotion regulation in adulthood: Timing is everything. Current Directions in Psychological Science 10(6):214–19. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.00152.Google Scholar
Halperin, E. (2014) Emotion, emotion regulation, and conflict resolution. Emotion Review, 6(1):6876. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073913491844.Google Scholar
Halperin, E. (2016) Emotions in conflict: Inhibitors and facilitators of peace making. Routledge.Google Scholar
Halperin, E., Porat, R., Tamir, M. & Gross, J. J. (2013) Can emotion regulation change political attitudes in intractable conflicts? From the laboratory to the field. Psychological Science 24(1):106–11. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/095679761245257.Google Scholar
Halperin, E., Russell, A. G., Trzesniewski, K. H., Gross, J. J. & Dweck, C. S. (2011) Promoting the middle east peace process by changing beliefs about group malleability. Science 333(6050):1767–69. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1202925.Google Scholar
Klimecki, O. (in press) The role of empathy in conflict resolution. Emotion Review.Google Scholar
Klimecki, O. M., Sander, D. & Vuilleumier, P. (2018) Distinct brain areas involved in anger versus punishment during social interactions. Scientific Reports 8:10556. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-28863-3.Google Scholar
Lerner, J. S. & Keltner, D. (2000) Beyond valence: Toward a model of emotion-specific influences on judgement and choice. Cognition and Emotion 14(4):473–93. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/026999300402763.Google Scholar
Lerner, J. S. & Keltner, D. (2001) Fear, anger, and risk. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 81(1):146–59. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.81.1.146.Google Scholar
Nelson, R. J. & Trainor, B. C. (2007) Neural mechanisms of aggression. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 8:536–46. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2174.Google Scholar
Porat, R., Halperin, E. & Tamir, M. (2016) What we want is what we get: Group-based emotional preferences and conflict resolution. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 110(2):167–90. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000043.Google Scholar
Raine, A. & Yang, Y. (2006) Neural foundations to moral reasoning and antisocial behavior. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 1(3):203–13. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsl033.Google Scholar
Sander, D., Grandjean, D. & Scherer, K. R. (2018) An appraisal-driven componential approach to the emotional brain. Emotion Review 10(3):219–31. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073918765653.Google Scholar
Scherer, K. R. & Moors, A. (2019) The emotion process: Event appraisal and component differentiation. Annual Review of Psychology 70(1):719–45. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-122216-011854.Google Scholar
Tamir, M. (2009) What do people want to feel and why? Pleasure and utility in emotion regulation. Current Directions in Psychological Science 18(2):101105. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2009.01617.xGoogle Scholar
Tamir, M. (2016) Why do people regulate their emotions? A taxonomy of motives in emotion regulation. Personality and Social Psychology Review 20(3):199222. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868315586325.Google Scholar