The beautiful little fish, from the North Staffordshire ‘Deep Mine Ironstone,” named by Prof. Huxley Cycloptychius car-bonarius, has hitherto never been figured, and only a brief description of it was published in 1865 by Prof. Young, of Glasgow. Cursory allusion has been made to its teeth by Messrs. Hancock and Atthey, and to its scales by Mr. T. P. Barkas.

Zone of Scaphites æqualis.—Beneath the Yellow Chalk of West Dorset and South Somerset occurs a very constant bed of yellow calcareous paste, with glauconitic grains, and containing at the base numerous small minute pebbles of quartz, the whole being so well cemented together as to be used at Pennys Toller, near Bea-minster, as a rough building stone. In 1865 I collected from this zone a large number of fossils, most of which I found to occur in the Cambridgeshire “ Chloritic marl,” Chardstock, Buckram, and Pennys Toller being perhaps the most fossiliferous localities. At the base occurs a well-marked horizon of Ammonites Rhothomagensis.

Gen. Char.—Corallum aggregate, massive, composed of hexagonal corallites, which have distinct walls, but are firmly united with one another. Septa well developed and close-set, but short and not nearly reaching the centre of the theca. A row of large and closely-approximated mural pores between each pair of septa. Tabulæ horizontal, not vesicular or infundibuliform, apparently incomplete. Epitheca unknown. No coenoenchyma.

In a recent visit to Porlock Weir, to see the submerged forest so ably described by Mr. Godwin-Austen in the Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society for February, 1866, I availed myself of the opportunity, afforded by the limited time at my disposal, to examine the general contour of the country, and more particularly that part of it relating to the superficial deposits.

In the Reader, 14th October, 1865, and afterwards more fully in my papers on the “Boulder-clay of Caithness,” and on the “ Transport of the Wastdale Crag Blocks,” 2 the following were shown from physical considerations to be necessary results, viz.:—

1. That were the ice of Greenland much thicker than it is at present, which it evidently was during the Glacial Epoch, it would not float in Davis Straits and Baffin's Bay, and consequently, would not break up into icebergs, but would move over upon the North American continent in one continuous mass, and pursue its course southwards, until it gradually melted away under the influence of the Sun's heat.

As the Transactions of the Academy of Science of St. Louis, in which Prout described this species, are not generally accessible, we quote the description at length.

Landslips are important agents in modifying the surface of the earth, frequently adding to the picturesque appearance of the district in which they occur, and occasionally causing considerable mischief by the destruction of villages, or the covering of fertile ground, as the fall of Rossberg in Switzerland in 1806, and in our own country the landslip near Axmouth, and the undercliff of the Isle of Wight, are familiar examples. They are generally caused by the action of water dissolving or loosening and carrying away some bed low down in the local series, when the upper strata, being no longer supported, break by their own weight, and slide down to a lower level, the amount of their displacement and the rapidity of their movements being determined by the inclination of the underlying beds.