The Mongol conquest of the IRANIAN EAST put an end to the classical Islamic coinage introduced by ʿAbd al-Malik. At first, considerable local diversity existed under the early Mongols and Ilkhanids, but Ghazan and Rashid al-Din imposed a uniform monetary system on the many Ilkhanid mints, setting the pattern for eastern coinage for several hundred years. For this long period, it is easiest to treat separately Western Iran, Eastern Iran, the Steppes, and Anatolia, despite the many interrelationships of their coinages.

In 1263 AH (1846–1847 AD) the Ottoman imperial government began to publish statistical and descriptive yearbooks of the Ottoman state: devlet salnames (Salname-yi Devlet-i Aliye-yi Osmaniye). Later the Ottoman provinces published their own, more detailed salnames. Salnames are often the only non-archival source for aspects of 19th and early 20th-century Ottoman history, yet they are only recently being extensively used by scholars. This article briefly describes two types of salnames and presents a union list of salnames, in the hope of increasing their accessibility and use.

On April 17, 1979, the American Institute for Yemeni Studies (AIYS) signed an agreement of cooperation with the Yemeni Center for Research and Studies (YCRS). It is not a detailed agreement, but it does clearly make the relationship with the YCRS a special one, implying both responsibilities and advantages for both parties.