Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T14:46:39.592Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Toxicity of Imazethapyr to Purple (Cyperus rotundus) and Yellow Nutsedges (C. esculentus)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

John S. Richburg III ,
John W. Wilcut  and
Glenn R. Wehtje
John S. Richburg III
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Georgia, Box 748, Tifton, GA 31793-0748
John W. Wilcut
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Georgia, Box 748, Tifton, GA 31793-0748
Glenn R. Wehtje
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron. and Soils and AL Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL 36849-5432
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the response of purple and yellow nutsedges to selective soil placement of 5 cm of soil treated with imazethapyr above and/or below the nutsedge tubers. Early postemergence (EPOST) or postemergence (POST) imazethapyr treatments at 71 g ai/ha as a foliar, soil, or foliar + soil application was also evaluated. Imazethapyr placement above or below the nutsedge tuber generally increased shoot number, shoot dry weight (SW), shoot regrowth dry weight (SRW), and root tuber dry weight (RTW) production in both species, 28 and 42 days after treatment (DAT) compared with the control. However, the 5-cm above + 5-cm below tuber treatment at 14, 28, and 42 DAT reduced purple nutsedge shoot number, SW, SRW, and RTW to 19, 7, 14, and 26% of the control, respectively. Yellow nutsedge shoot number was 103% of the control with the 5-cm above + 5-cm below tuber treatment 42 DAT. The 5-cm above + 5-cm below tuber treatment reduced yellow nutsedge SW, SRW, and RTW to 43, 44, and 23% of the control, respectively, 28 and 42 DAT. EPOST and POST foliar + soil and soil-only applications reduced SW 28 d after treatment (DAT) to 13% or less of the control for both species. SRWs of both species were ≤ 53% of the control 42 DAT for the soil-only application. The foliar-only treatment was the least effective in SW, SRW, and RTW reductions.

Keywords

Imazethapyr, 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acidpurple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L. # CYPROyellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L. # CYPESApplication methodapplication timingselective placementCYPESCYPRO
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 7 , Issue 4 , December 1993 , pp. 900 - 905
Copyright
Copyright © 1994 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Armstrong, T. F., Meggitt, W. F., and Penner, D. 1973. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of alachlor by yellow nutsedge. Weed Sci. 21:357–360.Google Scholar
2. Baird, J. H., Wilcut, J. W., Wehtje, G. R., Dickens, R., and Sharpe, S. 1989. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of sulfometuron in centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides) and bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum). Weed Sci. 37:42–46.Google Scholar
3. Basham, G. W. and Lavy, T. L. 1987. Microbial and photolytic dissipation of imazaquin in soil. Weed Sci. 35:865–870.Google Scholar
4. Brecke, B. J. 1991. Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) control in peanuts. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 44:139.Google Scholar
5. Brown, S. M. 1992. Imazethapyr (Pursuit) in peanuts: Observations in Georgia from the first year. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 45:104.Google Scholar
6. Cole, T. A., Wehtje, G. R., Wilcut, J. W., Hicks, T. V. 1989. Behavior of imazethapyr in soybeans (Glycine max), peanuts (Arachis hypogaea), and selected weeds. Weed Sci. 37:639–644.Google Scholar
7. Dixon, G. A. and Stoller, E. W. 1982. Differential toxicity, absorption, translocation, and metabolism of metolachlor in corn (Zea mays) and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus). Weed Sci. 30:225–230.Google Scholar
8. Dowler, C. C. 1992. Weed Survey-Southern States. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 45:393–407.Google Scholar
9. Holm, L. G., Plucknett, D. L., Pancho, J. W., and Herberger, J. P. 1977. The World's Worst Weeds. Distribution and Biology. Univ. Press Hawaii, Honolulu. 609 p.Google Scholar
10. Grichar, J. W., Nester, P. R., and Colburn, A. E. 1992. Nutsedge (Cyperus spp.) control in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) with imazethapyr. Weed Technol. 6:396–400.Google Scholar
11. Majek, B. 1988. Imazethapyr residue effects on several vegetable crops. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 42:227.Google Scholar
12. Nandihalli, U. B. and Bendixen, L. E. 1988. Toxicity and site of uptake of soil-applied imazaquin in yellow and purple nutsedges (Cyperus esculentus and C. rotundus). Weed Sci. 36:411–416.Google Scholar
13. Reddy, K. N. and Bendixen, L. E. 1989. Toxicity, absorption, and translocation of soil-applied chlorimuron in yellow and purple nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus and C. rotundus). Weed Sci. 37:147–151.Google Scholar
14. Richburg, J. S. III and Wilcut, J. W. 1992. Imazethapyr systems for weed management in Georgia peanut. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 45: 106.Google Scholar
15. Shaner, D. L., Anderson, P. C., and Stidham, M. A. 1984. Imidazolinones-potent inhibitors of acetohydroxyacid synthase. Plant Physiol. 76:545–546.Google Scholar
16. Shaner, D. L. 1989. Factors affecting soil and foliar bioavailability of imidazolinones. Tech. Inf. Rep., Agric. Res. Div., American Cyanamid Co., Princeton, NJ. 24 p.Google Scholar
17. Walls, F. R. Jr., Muzyk, K. R., Wiley, G., and Taylor, F. 1990. Imazethapyr methods of application for control of nutsedge species (Cyperus spp.) in peanuts. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 43:109.Google Scholar
18. Wilcut, J. W., York, A. C., and Wehtje, G. R. 1993. The control and interaction of weeds in peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Rev. Weed Sci. 6: 177–206.Google Scholar
19. Wilcut, J. W., Walls, F. R. Jr., and Horton, D. N. 1991. Weed control, yield, and net returns using imazethapyr in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea). Weed Sci. 39:238–242.Google Scholar
20. Wilcut, J. W., Walls, F. R. Jr., and Horton, D. N. 1991. Imazethapyr for broadleaf weed control in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea). Peanut Sci. 18: 26–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21. Wilcut, J. W. 1991. Imazethapyr and AC 263,222 herbicide systems for Georgia peanuts. Proc. South Weed Sci. Soc. 44:138.Google Scholar
22. Wilcut, J. W. and Walls, F. R. 1990. Herbicide combinations for weed control in peanuts. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 43:71.Google Scholar
23. Wiley, G. L., Muzyk, K. R., and Walls, F. R. 1991. Methods for control of nutsedge in peanuts with imazethapyr. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 44:141.Google Scholar
24. Wilkinson, R. E. 1988. Carbamothioates. p. 245–300. in Kerney, P. C. and Kaufman, D. D., eds. Herbicides: Chemistry, Degradation, and Mode of Action. Vol. 3. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.Google Scholar
25. Youmans, C. D., Muzyk, K., and Walls, F. R. 1988. Pursuit herbicide: Weed control and efficacy in peanuts. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 41: 61.Google Scholar
26. Young, J. H., Person, N. K., Donald, J. O., and Mayfield, W. H. 1982. Harvesting, curing, and energy utilization. p. 458–487 in Pattee, H. E. and Young, C. T., eds. Peanut Science and Technology. American Peanut Res. Educ. Soc., Yoakum, TX.Google Scholar