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Response of Advanced Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Breeding Lines to Halosulfuron-Methyl

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

L. Brandenberger ,
N. Burgos ,
M. Payton ,
T. Morelock ,
D. Motes ,
S. Eaton ,
L. Martin  and
L. Carrier
L. Brandenberger*
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-6027
N. Burgos
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704
M. Payton
Affiliation:
Department of Statistics, Oklahoma State University, 301 Math Science Building, Stillwater, OK 74078-1056
T. Morelock
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
D. Motes
Affiliation:
University of Arkansas Vegetable Substation, Kibler, AR 72921
S. Eaton
Affiliation:
University of Arkansas Vegetable Substation, Kibler, AR 72921
L. Martin
Affiliation:
University of Arkansas Vegetable Substation, Kibler, AR 72921
L. Carrier
Affiliation:
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-6027
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: lynn.brandenberger@okstate.edu.
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Abstract

Studies were conducted in Oklahoma and Arkansas to evaluate the tolerance of nine advanced cowpea breeding lines and one cultivar treated PRE with halosulfuron at 1× (0.054 kg ha−1) and 2× (0.107 kg ha−1) rates. The breeding lines, developed by the University of Arkansas, included 01-103, 01-111, 01-117, 01-140, 01-174, 01-180, 01-181, 01-184, and 01-198. ‘Early Scarlet’ was also included as the standard commercial cultivar. Halosulfuron did not reduce the emergence of the breeding lines and Early Scarlet in Oklahoma, but reduced cowpea emergence 14% at the 2× rate in Arkansas. All breeding lines and Early Scarlet had similar emergence capacity in both locations. Higher injury (crop stunting, up to 59% at the 2× rate) and reduction in flowering (up to 83% points at the 1× rate) were observed in Arkansas, but not in Oklahoma. Averaged over herbicide rate, yield was higher and did not differ among cultivars in Arkansas (0.89 to 1.18 Mg ha−1) versus Oklahoma (0.36 to 0.82 Mg ha−1). The highest yield in Oklahoma was obtained from 01-174, 01-103, and 01-117. Despite the observed phytotoxicity symptoms, halosulfuron did not reduce cowpea yield. Halosulfuron is safe to use with these breeding lines and cultivar, at the 0.054 kg ha−1 rate, but may delay cowpea maturity almost 1 wk in soils of close to neutral pH or higher.

Se realizaron estudios en Oklahoma y Arkansas para evaluar la tolerancia de nueve líneas avanzadas de mejoramiento genético de frijol Castilla y de un cultivar tratados en pre emergencia con halosulfuron a dosis de 1X (0.054 kg/ha) y 2X (0.107 kg/ha). Las líneas de mejoramiento, desarrolladas por la Universidad of Arkansas, incluyeron 01-103, 01-111, 01-117, 01-140, 01-174, 01-180, 01-181, 01-184y 01-198. También se incluyó ‘Early Scarlet’ como el cultivar comercial estándar. El halosulfuron no redujo la emergencia de las líneas de mejoramiento ni de ‘Early Scarlet’ en Oklahoma, pero redujo la emergencia del frijol Castilla en 14% a la dosis de 2X en Arkansas. Todas las líneas de mejoramiento y ‘Early Scarlet’ mostraron capacidad similar de emergencia en ambos sitios. Se observó mayor daño (retraso en el crecimiento, hasta 59% a la dosis 2X) y reducción en la floración (hasta 83% a la dosis 1X) en Arkansas pero no en Oklahoma. Promediando entre las dosis de herbicida, el rendimiento fue mayor y no hubo diferencia entre cultivares en Arkansas (0.89–1.18 Mg/ha) en contraste con Oklahoma (0.36–0.82 Mg/ha). El rendimiento más alto en Oklahoma fue obtenido en las líneas 01-174, 01-103 y 01-115. A pesar de los síntomas de fitotoxicidad observados, el halosulfuron no redujo el rendimiento del frijol Castilla. El halosulfuron es seguro para usarse con estas líneas de mejoramiento y el cultivar a la dosis 0.054 kg/ha, pero puede retrasar casi una semana la maduración de esta leguminosa en suelos de pH casi neutral o mayor.

Keywords

Halosulfuron-methylcowpea, Vigna unguiculata L. WalpCrop injuryhalosulfuronherbicide resistancesoil pH
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 26 , Issue 1 , March 2012 , pp. 43 - 47
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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