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Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Control in Soybean with Glyphosate and Conventional Herbicide Systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jared R. Whitaker ,
Alan C. York ,
David L. Jordan  and
A. Stanley Culpepper
Jared R. Whitaker*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
Alan C. York
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
David L. Jordan
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
A. Stanley Culpepper
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31794
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: jared@uga.edu.
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Abstract

Glyphosate typically controls Palmer amaranth very well. However, glyphosate-resistant (GR) biotypes of this weed are present in several southern states, requiring the development of effective alternatives to glyphosate-only management strategies. Field experiments were conducted in seven North Carolina environments to evaluate control of glyphosate-susceptible (GS) and GR Palmer amaranth in narrow-row soybean by glyphosate and conventional herbicide systems. Conventional systems included either pendimethalin or S-metolachlor applied PRE alone or mixed with flumioxazin, fomesafen, or metribuzin plus chlorimuron followed by fomesafen or no herbicide POST. S-metolachlor was more effective at controlling GR and GS Palmer amaranth than pendimethalin; flumioxazin and fomesafen were generally more effective than metribuzin plus chlorimuron. Fomesafen applied POST following PRE herbicides increased Palmer amaranth control and soybean yield compared with PRE-only herbicide systems. Glyphosate alone applied once POST controlled GS Palmer amaranth 97% late in the season. Glyphosate was more effective than fomesafen plus clethodim applied POST. Control of GS Palmer amaranth when treated with pendimethalin or S-metolachlor plus flumioxazin, fomesafen, or metribuzin plus chlorimuron applied PRE followed by fomesafen POST was equivalent to control achieved by glyphosate applied once POST. In fields with GR Palmer amaranth, greater than 80% late-season control was obtained only with systems of pendimethalin or S-metolachlor plus flumioxazin, fomesafen, or metribuzin plus chlorimuron applied PRE followed by fomesafen POST. Systems of pendimethalin or S-metolachlor plus flumioxazin, fomesafen, or metribuzin plus chlorimuron applied PRE without fomesafen POST controlled GR Palmer amaranth less than 30% late in the season. Systems of pendimethalin or S-metolachlor PRE followed by fomesafen POST controlled GR Palmer amaranth less than 60% late in the season.

El glifosato típicamente controla el Amaranthus palmeri, muy bien. Sin embargo, biotipos de esta maleza resistente al glifosato (GR) están presentes en varios estados del sur, por lo que se requiere el desarrollo de alternativas efectivas al uso exclusivo del glifosato en las estrategias de manejo. Se llevaron al cabo experimentos de campo en siete entornos ambientales en Carolina del Norte para evaluar el control de Amaranthus palmeri susceptible al glifosato (GS) y resistente al mismo, en el cultivo de soya sembrado en surcos angostos tratado con glifosato y sistemas convencionales de herbicidas. Los sistemas convencionales incluyeron ya sea pendimetalina o S-metolaclor aplicados PRE solos o mezclados con flumioxazin, fomesafen o metribuzin más clorimuron, seguidos por fomesafen o sin herbicida POST. El S-metolaclor fue más efectivo para controlar Amaranthus palmeri GR y GS que la pendimetalina; el flumioxazin y el fomesafen generalmente fueron más efectivos que el metribuzin más clorimuron. El fomesafen aplicado POST después de la aplicación de herbicidas PRE, incrementó el control de Amaranthus palmeri y el rendimiento de la soya comparado con los sistemas de únicamente herbicidas PRE. El glifosato aplicado una sola vez POST, controló el Amaranthus palmeri GS en un 97% ya entrada la estación. El glifosato fue más efectivo que el fomesafen más cletodim aplicados POST. El control de Amaranthus palmeri GS, tratado con pendimetalina o S-metolaclor más flumioxazin, fomesafen, o metribuzin más clorimuron aplicado PRE seguido de fomesafen POST, fue equivalente al control obtenido con glifosato aplicado POST en una sola ocasión. En parcelas con Amaranthus palmeri GR, se obtuvo un control mayor del 80% entrada la estación únicamente con sistemas de pendimetalina o S-metolaclor más flumioxazin, fomesafen, o metribuzin más clorimuron aplicados PRE seguidos por fomesafen POST. Sistemas de pendimetalina o S-metolaclor más flumioxazin, fomesafen, o metribuzin más clorimuron aplicados PRE sin fomesafen POST, controlaron Amaranthus palmeri GR en menos del 30%, ya entrada la estación. Sistemas de pendimentalina o S-metolaclor PRE seguidos de fomesafen POST, controlaron Amaranthus palmeri GR en menos de 60%, ya entrada la estación.

Keywords

ChlorimuronclethodimflumioxazinfomesafenglyphosatemetribuzinpendimethalinS-metolachlorPalmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Watssoybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrChlorimuronflumioxazinfomesafenglyphosate-resistant weedsherbicide resistancemetribuzinpendimethalinS-metolachlor
Type
Weed Management—Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 24 , Issue 4 , December 2010 , pp. 403 - 410
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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