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Management of Acetolactate Synthase (ALS)–Resistant Common Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) in Soybean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Lance A. Schmidt ,
Ronald E. Talbert  and
Marilyn McClelland
Lance A. Schmidt
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
Ronald E. Talbert*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
Marilyn McClelland
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: rtalbert@uark.edu
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Abstract

A fixed-plot management study for control of acetolactate synthase (ALS)–resistant common cocklebur in soybean was initiated in 1994 at Fayetteville, AR. Three susceptible and three imazaquin-resistant common cocklebur plants were transplanted into the field, and seed (burs) were distributed throughout the plots in the fall of 1994. Herbicide treatments included imazaquin, chlorimuron, and chlorimuron plus metribuzin applied each year from 1995 through 1999 and herbicide rotations containing ALS inhibitors and herbicides with alternative modes of action. Effectiveness of management systems and the dynamics of the development of common cocklebur resistance, including development of resistance to imazaquin and chlorimuron, were evaluated. Imazaquin controlled susceptible common cocklebur populations in 1995 but not the resistant population, resulting in significant soybean yield reduction. By the end of the 1996 season, the resistant biotype dominated imazaquin plots, and a high level of cross-resistance to chlorimuron was observed in the population. Resistant populations were reduced by non-ALS herbicide programs of sulfentrazone plus clomazone applied preemergence (PRE), metribuzin plus clomazone applied PRE followed by bentazon applied postemergence (POST), and transgenic herbicide programs of glyphosate and glufosinate applied POST. Rotating ALS inhibitors with non–ALS-inhibiting heribicides may slow the development of resistance, but resistant individuals may eventually dominate the population.

Keywords

Bentazonchlorimuronclomazoneglufosinateglyphosateimazaquinmetribuzinsulfentrazonecommon cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium L. # XANSTsoybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Hutcheson’, ‘Delta King 5580’, ‘Delta King 5961RR’, ‘Asgrow 5547LL’ALS resistanceatrazinechlorimuron resistanceflumetsulamfluometuronfomesafenherbicide resistance managementimazaquin resistanceALS, acetolactate synthase (EC 4.1.3.18)DAT, days after treatmentPOST, postemergencePRE, preemergence
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 18 , Issue 3 , September 2004 , pp. 665 - 674
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Current address: 907 Amy Road, Pocahontas, AR 72455

References

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