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Identity-Preserved Soybean Tolerance to Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase-Inhibiting Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Kimberly D. Belfry ,
Christy Shropshire  and
Peter H. Sikkema
Kimberly D. Belfry*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, 120 Main Street East, Ridgetown, Ontario, Canada N0P 2C0
Christy Shropshire
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, 120 Main Street East, Ridgetown, Ontario, Canada N0P 2C0
Peter H. Sikkema
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, 120 Main Street East, Ridgetown, Ontario, Canada N0P 2C0
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: kimberly.belfry@gmail.com.
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Abstract

Field experiments were conducted from 2011 to 2013 near Ridgetown and Exeter, Ontario, Canada to evaluate the tolerance of seven identity-preserved (IP) soybean cultivars to protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-inhibiting herbicides flumioxazin, saflufenacil/dimethenamid-P, and sulfentrazone applied PRE; fomesafen applied POST; as well as PRE followed by (fb) POST application. Ridgetown sites demonstrated excellent tolerance (< 10% injury) to PRE treatments, whereas PRE sulfentrazone caused up to 36% injury at 1 and 2 wk after application (WAA) at Exeter. Of the PRE fb POST treatments evaluated, those containing saflufenacil/dimethenamid-P and sulfentrazone were most injurious to soybean, with cultivar being a further determinant of injury. At Exeter 1 WAA, cultivars ‘S03W4’ and ‘S23T5’ showed 23 to 27 and 45 to 46% injury for saflufenacil/dimethenamid-P and sulfentrazone when followed by POST fomesafen, respectively. Sulfentrazone application (PRE alone or fb fomesafen) consequently reduced S03W4 yield up to 38% and S23T5 up to 25%, whereas saflufenacil/dimethenamid-P fb fomesafen reduced S03W4 by 18%. In general, PRE fb POST caused more injury than PRE treatments; however, injury diminished over time and no significant reduction to soybean yield could be attributed to adding POST fomesafen. On the basis of this study, the injury from PPO herbicides applied PRE is active ingredient, cultivar, and environment specific. Although PPO herbicides have the potential to cause unacceptable crop injury in some IP soybean cultivars, selecting a tolerant cultivar will minimize yield losses.

Seis experimentos de campo fueron realizados desde 2011 a 2013 cerca de Ridgetown y Exeter, Ontario, Canada, para evaluar la tolerancia de siete cultivares de soja con identidad preservada (IP) a los herbicidas inhibidores de protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) flumioxazin, saflufenacil/dimethenamid-P, y sulfentrazone aplicados PRE; fomesafen aplicado POST; y aplicaciones PRE seguidas de (fb) una aplicación POST. Los sitios en Ridgetown demostraron una excelente tolerancia (<10% de daño) a tratamientos PRE, mientras que sulfentrazone PRE causó más de 30% de daño a 1 y 2 semanas después de la aplicación (WAA) en Exeter. De los tratamientos PRE fb POST evaluados, los que contenían saflufenacil/dimethenamid-P y sulfentrazone fueron los más dañinos a la soja, y el cultivar también fue determinante en el daño. En Exeter 1 WAA, los cultivares 'S03W4′ y 'S23T5′ mostraron 23 a 27 y 45 a 46% de daño con saflufenacil/dimethenamid-P y sulfentrazone cuando fueron seguidos de fomesafen POST, respectivamente. La aplicación de sulfentrazone (PRE solo o fb fomesafen) redujo el rendimiento de S03W4 hasta 38% y el de S23T5 hasta 25%, mientras que saflufenacil/dimethenamid-P fb fomesafen redujo el rendimiento de S03W4 en 18%. En general, PRE fb POST causó más daño que los tratamientos PRE. Sin embargo, el daño disminuyó con el tiempo y ninguna reducción en el rendimiento de la soja pudo ser atribuida a la adición de fomesafen POST. Con base en este estudio, el daño de herbicidas PPO aplicados PRE es específico al ingrediente activo, al cultivar, y al ambiente. Aunque los herbicidas PPO tienen el potencial de causar daños inaceptables al cultivo en algunos cultivares IP de soja, el seleccionar un cultivar tolerante minimizará las pérdidas de rendimiento.

Keywords

Flumioxazinfomesafensaflufenacil/dimethenamid-Psulfentrazonesoybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Sherwin’, ‘S23T5’, ‘X790’, ‘OAC Kent’, ‘S03W4’, ‘Madison’, ‘OAC Lakeview’Dry weightPRE herbicidesPRE followed by POST herbicidesyield
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 30 , Issue 1 , March 2016 , pp. 137 - 147
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Kevin Bradley, University of Missouri.

References

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