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Effect of Tillage Systems on the Dissipation of Prosulfocarb Herbicide

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 November 2017

Ananda Scherner ,
Fabio Schreiber ,
Inge S. Fomsgaard ,
Bo Melander ,
Luis A. Avila  and
Per Kudsk
Ananda Scherner
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Student, Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Fabio Schreiber
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Student, Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Inge S. Fomsgaard
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark
Bo Melander
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark
Luis A. Avila
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Per Kudsk*
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark
*
Author for correspondence: Per Kudsk, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark. (E-mail: per.kudsk@agro.au.dk)
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Abstract

Crop management practices such as tillage can influence the dissipation of herbicides in soil. This study aimed to determine the effects of tillage systems on soil dissipation of prosulfocarb (PSC) using two assessment methods: bioassay and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. PSC was applied on plots cultivated under three tillage systems (moldboard plowing, tine tillage at 8- to 10-cm soil depth, and direct drilling) at different rates (0, 500, 1,000, 2,000, 4,000 and 8,000 g ai ha−1) and two spraying times, representing early and late sowing time of winter cereals in Denmark. The experiment was conducted over 2 yr. The soil was analyzed for PSC residues by HPLC and a bioassay, using silky windgrass as the indicator plant. Neither technique revealed an effect of tillage systems on PSC dissipation, but the LD50 values estimated based on the bioassays were generally lower under direct drilling (11.7 d) than with plowing (17.5 d). Moreover, LD50 estimates based on bioassay results were generally lower than those estimated with HPLC analyses. Half-life values estimated with HPLC were low and not within the range of values reported in the literature (ca. 20 d), suggesting enhanced degradation of PSC. In addition to influencing the performance of PSC against problematic weed species, an enhanced dissipation rate could also hamper the benefits of PSC in an antiresistance strategy.

Keywords

Cammy Willett, University of ArkansasProsulfocarbsilky windgrass, Apera spica-venti (L.) Beauv. APESVBioassayhalf-lifeHPLC analysisresidual activity
Type
Weed Management-Techniques
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 32 , Issue 2 , April 2018 , pp. 195 - 204
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2017 

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