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Critical Timing of Fall Panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum) Removal in Sugarcane

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Dennis C. Odero ,
Mathew Duchrow  and
Nikol Havranek
Dennis C. Odero*
Affiliation:
Everglades Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430
Mathew Duchrow
Affiliation:
Sugar Cane Growers Cooperative of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430
Nikol Havranek
Affiliation:
Everglades Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL 33430
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: dcodero@ufl.edu.
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Abstract

Fall panicum is the most troublesome annual grass weed in sugarcane in Florida. The critical timing of fall panicum removal in sugarcane or the maximum amount of early season interference that sugarcane can tolerate before it suffers irrecoverable yield loss is not known. Field studies were conducted from 2012 to 2015 in Belle Glade, FL to determine the critical timing of fall panicum removal and season-long interference in sugarcane. The effect of season-long fall panicum interference and critical timing of removal based on 5 and 10% acceptable yield loss (AYL) levels were determined by fitting a log-logistic equation to percentage millable stalk, cane, and sugar yield loss data. Millable stalks, cane, and sucrose yield decreased as the duration of fall panicum interference increased. Season-long interference of fall panicum resulted in 34 to 60%, 34 to 62%, and 44 to 60% millable stalk, cane, and sucrose yield loss, respectively. The critical timing of fall panicum removal based on 5 and 10% AYL for millable stalks was 5 to 9 wk after sugarcane emergence (WAE). At 5 and 10% AYL, the critical timing of fall panicum removal ranged from 5 to 9 WAE and 6 to 8 WAE for cane and sucrose yield loss, respectively. These results show that fall panicum is competitive with sugarcane early in the season, demonstrating the need for timely early-season control to reduce negative effect on yield.

Panicum dichotomiflorum es una de las malezas anuales más problemáticas en caña de azúcar en Florida. Sin embargo, no se sabe cuál es el momento crítico para la eliminación de P. dichotomiflorum en caña de azúcar o la cantidad de interferencia, temprano durante la temporada de crecimiento, que puede tolerar la caña de azúcar antes de sufrir pérdidas de rendimiento irrecuperables. Se realizaron estudios de campo entre 2012 y 2015 en Belle Glade, FL, para determinar el momento crítico para la eliminación de P. dichotomiflorum y la interferencia durante la temporada de crecimiento de la caña de azúcar. El efecto de la interferencia de P. dichotomiflorum durante toda la temporada de crecimiento y del momento de eliminación de esta maleza con base en niveles de pérdida de rendimiento aceptables (AYL) de 5 y 10% fueron determinados con una ecuación log-logística para datos de pérdida de porcentaje de tallos molibles, de caña, y de azúcar. El rendimiento de tallos molibles, de caña, y de sucrose disminuyeron al aumentar la duración de la interferencia de P. dichotomiflorum. La interferencia de P. dichotomiflorum durante toda la temporada resultó en pérdidas de rendimiento de 34 a 60%, 34 a 62%, y 44 a 60% de tallos molibles, caña, y sucrose, respectivamente. El momento crítico para le eliminación de P. dichotomiflorum con base en AYL de 5 y 10% de tallos molibles fue 5 y 9 semanas después de la emergencia (WAE) de la caña de azúcar. A 5 y 10% de AYL, el momento crítico de eliminación de P. dichotomiflorum varió desde 5 a 9 WAE y 6 a 8 WAE para la pérdida de rendimiento de caña y sucrose, respectivamente. Estos resultados muestran que P. dichotomiflorum compite con la caña de azúcar, temprano durante la temporada de crecimiento, lo que demuestra la necesidad de controlar esta maleza a tiempo, temprano en la temporada, para reducir sus efectos negativos sobre el rendimiento.

Keywords

Fall panicum, Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.sugarcane, Saccharum officinarum L.Cane yieldcompetitioninterferencemillable stalksremoval timingsucrose yield
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 30 , Issue 1 , March 2016 , pp. 13 - 20
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Prashant Jha, Montana State University.

References

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