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Characteristics of Multiple-Seeded Cocklebur: A Biotype of Common Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Hamed K. Abbas ,
Dan J. Pantone  and
Rex N. Paul
Hamed K. Abbas*
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Southern Weed Science Research Unit, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776
Dan J. Pantone
Affiliation:
TAES, Texas A&M University, Temple, TX 76502
Rex N. Paul
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Southern Weed Science Research Unit, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: habbas@ag.gov.
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Abstract

A new biotype of common cocklebur, called multiple-seeded cocklebur (MSC), was found in Bell County, TX, in 1994. MSC has up to 25 seeds per bur, usually producing up to nine seedlings, whereas normal common cocklebur (NCC) has two seeds per bur which usually produce only one seedling. MSC burs are large, round, covered with hairy spines or prickles, and flattened on one end, with each seed terminated by a beak. Leaf morphology differs among the biotypes, and stems of MSC are straighter and smoother than NCC. Apomixis occurred with MSC but not with NCC. Both biotypes have potential dormancy with germination occurring in the second growing season. MSC produces increased numbers of seedlings which increases the difficulty in controlling common cocklebur.

Keywords

Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) #XANSTCocklebur biotypemultiple-seedling cockleburapomixisbiologyMSC, multiple-seeded cockleburNCC, normal common cocklebur
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , June 1999 , pp. 257 - 263
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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