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Status of weedy rice (Oryza spp.) infestation and management practices in southern Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 March 2021

Luis Antonio de Avila Open the ORCID record for Luis Antonio de Avila [Opens in a new window] ,
José Alberto Noldin Open the ORCID record for José Alberto Noldin [Opens in a new window] ,
Carlos H. P. Mariot Open the ORCID record for Carlos H. P. Mariot [Opens in a new window] ,
Paulo F. S. Massoni Open the ORCID record for Paulo F. S. Massoni [Opens in a new window] ,
Marcus V. Fipke Open the ORCID record for Marcus V. Fipke [Opens in a new window] ,
Vinicios R. Gehrke Open the ORCID record for Vinicios R. Gehrke [Opens in a new window] ,
Aldo Merotto Jr Open the ORCID record for Aldo Merotto Jr [Opens in a new window] ,
Flavia M. Tomita Open the ORCID record for Flavia M. Tomita [Opens in a new window] ,
André B. Matos Open the ORCID record for André B. Matos [Opens in a new window]  and
Gelson Facioni Open the ORCID record for Gelson Facioni [Opens in a new window]
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Luis Antonio de Avila*
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (Universidade Federal de Pelotas–UFPel), Pelotas, Brazil
José Alberto Noldin
Affiliation:
Researcher, Institution for Agricultural Research and Extension of Santa Catarina State (Epagri), Itajaí, Brazil
Carlos H. P. Mariot
Affiliation:
Researcher–Technical Consultant, Rice Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (IRGA), Cachoeirinha, Brazil
Paulo F. S. Massoni
Affiliation:
Technical Market Development, BASF, Cachoeirinha, Brazil
Marcus V. Fipke
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Research Associate, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Vinicios R. Gehrke
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Research Associate, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Aldo Merotto Jr
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
Flavia M. Tomita
Affiliation:
Research Division Manager, Rice Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (IRGA), Cachoeirinha, Brazil
André B. Matos
Affiliation:
Regional Extension Leader–South Region, Rice Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (IRGA), Pelotas, Brazil
Gelson Facioni
Affiliation:
Extension Agent, Rice Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (IRGA), Dom Pedrito, Brazil
Edinei B. Vieira
Affiliation:
Extension Agent, Rice Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (IRGA), Arroio Grande, Brazil
Eduardo S. Rosa
Affiliation:
Extension Agent, Rice Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (IRGA), São Lourenço do Sul, Brazil
Roger P. Santis
Affiliation:
Extension Agent, Rice Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (IRGA), São Borja, Brazil
Edinalvo R. Camargo
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Giovani Theisen
Affiliation:
Researcher, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Pelotas, Brazil
Nilda Roma-Burgos
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Luis Antonio de Avila, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, CP 354, 96.160-000, Pelotas, RS, Brasil. (Email: laavilabr@gmail.com)
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Abstract

Weedy rice (WR) (Oryza spp.) is the most troublesome weed infesting rice paddies in Brazil. Several changes have occurred in this region regarding crop management, especially WR control based on the Clearfield® (CL) rice production system launched in 2003. This survey’s objective was to evaluate the WR infestation status by assessing the producers’ perception and the management practices used in southern Brazil after 18 yr of CL use in Brazil. Rice consultants and extension agents distributed a questionnaire to 213 producers in the Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and Santa Catarina (SC) states in the 2018 to 2019 growing season. In RS, most farms are larger than 150 ha, and farmers have adopted the CL system for more than 2 yr and use minimal or conventional tillage, permanent flooding, clomazone PRE tank-mixed with glyphosate at the rice spiking stage, and crop rotation with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] or pasture. In SC, rice farms are small, averaging from 20 to 30 ha, farmers predominantly plant pre-germinated rice and do not rotate rice with other crops, and roguing is practiced. Comparing both states, the CL system is used in 99.5% and 69.3% of the total surveyed rice areas in RS and SC, respectively. Imidazolinone-resistant WR is present in 68.4% and 26.6% of rice farms in RS and SC, respectively. Rice cultivation in Brazil is currently coexisting with WR with minimal integration of control methods. However, integrated practices can control this weed and are fundamental to the sustainability of systems based on herbicide-resistant rice cultivars.

Keywords

Clearfield®herbicide-resistant riceimidazolinoneOryza sativared riceweed survey
Type
Special Issue Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 69 , Issue 5 , September 2021 , pp. 536 - 546
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: William Vencill, University of Georgia

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