Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-05T19:49:53.842Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Response of a Chlorsulfuron-Resistant Biotype of Kochia scoparia to Sulfonylurea and Alternative Herbicides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Lyle F. Friesen
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
Ian N. Morrison
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Univ. Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
Abdur Rashid
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop Sci. and Plant Ecol., Univ. Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0
Malcolm D. Devine
Affiliation:
Dep. Crop Sci. and Plant Ecol., Univ. Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0W0

Abstract

Kochia growing on an industrial site where chlorsulfuron was applied repeatedly over several seasons was confirmed to be resistant to chlorsulfuron and several other acetolactate synthase (ALS) -inhibiting herbicides. In growth room experiments, resistant (R) plants were 2 to >180 times more resistant to five sulfonylurea herbicides and one imidazolinone herbicide (imazethapyr) than susceptible (S) plants, as measured by the ratio of dosages required to inhibit shoot dry matter accumulation by 50% (GR50 R/S). Similarly, in vitro assays of ALS activity indicated that from 3 to 30 times more herbicide was required to inhibit the enzyme from R plants than from S plants. Results of ALS enzyme assays indicated that R kochia was approximately equally resistant to metsulfuron, triasulfuron, and thifensulfuron, and 2.5 times more resistant to tribenuron than thifensulfuron. However, the response of R kochia growing in a spring wheat crop in the field was not consistent with results of the ALS enzyme assays. In field experiments, thifensulfuron at 32 g ai ha−1 had little effect on R kochia. In contrast, metsulfuron, triasulfuron, and tribenuron at 8 g ha−1 did not reduce R kochia seedling densities, but caused severe stunting such that 2 mo after treatment the shoot biomass of plants in untreated plots was four times greater than in sprayed plots. Herbicides with alternative modes of action including fluroxypyr, bromoxynil/MCPA ester, dichlorprop/2,4-D ester, and 2,4-D ester provided good control of R kochia in the field. Quinclorac did not reduce kochia densities, but surviving plants were stunted. To delay or avoid development of ALS inhibitor-resistant kochia populations, these alternative herbicides applied alone or in tank mixtures could be incorporated into a herbicide rotation.

Type
Weed Control and Herbicide Technology
Copyright
Copyright © 1993 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Anonymous. 1990. Pages 5559 in Report of the Research Appraisal and Planning Committee. Expert Comm. Weeds (West. Sect.), Agric. Canada, Regina, SK.Google Scholar
2. Bell, A. R., Nalewaja, J. D., and Schooler, A. B. 1972. Response of kochia selections to 2,4-D, dicamba, and picloram. Weed Sci. 20:458462.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Brain, P. and Cousens, R. 1989. An equation to describe dose responses where there is stimulation of growth at low doses. Weed Res. 29:9396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Chaleff, R. S. and Mauvais, C. J. 1984. Acetolactate synthase is the site of action of two sulfonylurea herbicides in higher plants. Science 224:14431445.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5. Devine, M. D., Maries, M.A.S., and Hall, L. M. 1991. Inhibition of acetolactate synthase in susceptible and resistant biotypes of Stellaria media . Pestic. Sci. 31:273280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Eberlein, C. V. and Fore, Z. Q. 1984. Kochia biology. Weeds Today 15(3):57.Google Scholar
7. Freund, R. J. and Littell, R. C. 1986. SAS System for Regression. SAS Inst., Inc., Cary, NC. 164 pp.Google Scholar
8. Friesen, L. F., Mayert, T.S.H., and Morrison, I. N. 1990. Control of sulfonylurea-susceptible kochia at two growth stages in spring wheat. Res. Rep., Expert Comm. Weeds (West. Sect.) 2:468469.Google Scholar
9. Friesen, L. F., Mayert, T.S.H., and Morrison, I. N. 1991. Control of sulfonylurea-susceptible kochia at two growth stages in spring wheat (Roblin). Res. Rep., Expert Comm. Weeds (West. Sect.) 1:442.Google Scholar
10. Gomez, K. A. and Gomez, A. A. 1984. Pages 187207 in Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York.Google Scholar
11. Hall, L. M. and Devine, M. D. 1990. Cross-resistance of a chlorsulfuron-resistant biotype of Stellaria media to a triazolopyrimidine herbicide. Plant Physiol. 93:962966.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12. Hawkes, T. R., Howard, J. L., and Pontin, S. E. 1989. Herbicides that inhibit biosynthesis of branched chain amino acids. Pages 113136 in Herbicides and Plant Metabolism, Dodge, A. D., ed. Cambridge Univ. Press.Google Scholar
13. Kvalseth, T. O. 1985. Cautionary note about R 2 . The American Statistician 39:279285.Google Scholar
14. Mallory-Smith, C. A., Thill, D. C., and Dial, M. J. 1990. Identification of sulfonylurea herbicide-resistant prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola). Weed Technol. 4:163168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Milthorpe, F. L. and Moorby, J. 1974. Page 225 in An Introduction to Crop Physiology. Cambridge Univ. Press, London.Google Scholar
16. Morse, P. M. and Thompson, B. K. 1981. Presentation of experimental results. Can. J. Plant Sci. 61:799802.Google Scholar
17. Primiani, M. M., Cotterman, J. C., and Saari, L. L. 1990. Resistance of kochia (Kochia scoparia) to sulfonylurea and imidazolinone herbicides. Weed Technol. 4:169172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Ray, T. B. 1984. Site of action of chlorsulfuron. Inhibition of valine and isoleucine biosynthesis in plants. Plant Physiol. 75:827831.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19. Saari, L. L., Cotterman, J. C., and Primiani, M. M. 1990. Mechanism of sulfonylurea herbicide resistance in the broadleaf weed, Kochia scoparia . Plant Physiol. 93:5561.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20. Shaner, D. L. 1991. Mechanisms of resistance to acetolactate synthase/ acetohydroxyacid synthase inhibitors. Pages 187198 in Herbicide Resistance in Weeds and Crops, Caseley, J. C., Cussans, G. W., and Atkin, R. K., eds. Butterworth-Heinemann, Ltd., Oxford, U. K. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21. Singh, B. K., Stidham, M. A., and Shaner, D. L. 1988. Assay of acetohydroxyacid synthase. Anal. Biochem. 171:173179.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22. Thill, D. C., Mallory-Smith, C. A., Saari, L. L., Cotterman, J. C., Primiani, M. M., and Saladini, J. L. 1991. Sulfonylurea herbicide resistant weeds: Discovery, distribution, biology, mechanism, and management. Pages 115128 in Herbicide Resistance in Weeds and Crops, Caseley, J. C., Cussans, G. W., and Atkin, R. K., eds. Butterworth-Heinemann, Ltd., Oxford, U. K. CrossRefGoogle Scholar