Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-jr42d Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T07:35:41.659Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Sensing, Sharing, and Listening to Musicking Animals across the Sonic Environments of Social Media

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 November 2022

Abstract

This article explores the strategies employed by user-creators as they listen to, sense, make, and share digital audiovisual memes of musicking non-human animals on social media. Memes, reels, and other forms of audiovisual social media posts are a form of cultural expression that reveals the varied ways humans relate to, connect with, and represent non-human animals – especially their pets – through sound, music, and the moving image. By listening to the plurality of musicking animals circulating on social media platforms and networks, I argue that user-creators conspicuously use music and performance to express alternative ideas of what it means to be musical, to feel closer to and connect with the important animals in their lives, and to explore the ways they can represent non-human animals using sound and music to explore musical concepts. Using a varied selection of viral musicking animal memes shared across social media platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, and Twitter, I frame musicking animal participatory media as a creative space for exploring different approaches to listening, performing with, and scoring sound and music to the behaviour, movement, and acoustic communication of the non-human animal. Non-human animal musicking takes a variety of forms across this particular kind of participatory media making by online user-creators.

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bibliography

Beresford, Jack. ‘“Born to Be Opera Singer”: Video of Warbling Dog Watched Nearly 6M Times’. Newsweek, 13 August 2021. www.newsweek.com/born-opera-singer-video-warbling-dog-watched-nearly-6m-times-1619224. (accessed 14 August 2021).Google Scholar
Berger, John. About Looking. New York: Pantheon, 1980.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berland, Jody. ‘Assembling the (Non) Human: The Animal as Medium’. Imaginations: Journal of Cross-Cultural Image Studies 8/3 (2017), 139–52.Google Scholar
Berland, Jody. Virtual Menageries: Animals as Mediators in Network Cultures. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2019.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boffone, Trevor. Renegades: Digital Dance Cultures from Dubsmash to TikTok. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Callahan, Daniel. ‘The Dancer from the Music: Choreomusicalities in Twentieth-Century American Modern Dance,’ PhD diss., Columbia University, 2012.Google Scholar
DeMello, Margo. Animals and Society: An Introduction to Human–Animal Studies. New York: Columbia University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Doolittle, Emily. ‘Crickets in the Concert Hall: A History of Animals in Western Music’. TRANS 12 (2008). www.sibetrans.com/trans/articulo/94/crickets-in-the-concert-hall-a-history-of-animals-in-western-music (accessed 10 March 2022).Google Scholar
Donnelly, Kevin J. ‘Performance and the Composite Film Score’, in Film Music: Critical Approaches, ed. Donnelly, Kevin J.. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2001. 152–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Draisey-Collishaw, Rebecca, and Pegley, Kip. ‘Creator, Audience, Prosumer: Performing “Speaking Moistly”’. play/PLAY: dramaturgies of participation, 6 April 2021. www.dramaturgiesofparticipation.com/the-blog/creator-audience-prosumer-performing-speaking-moistly (accessed 10 April 2021).Google Scholar
Fernandez, Eduardo J., Tamborski, Michael A., Pickens, Sarah R., and Timberlake, William. ‘Animal–Visitor Interactions in the Modern Zoo: Conflicts and Interventions’. Animal Behaviour Science 120/1–2 (2009), 18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feisst, Sabine. ‘Animal Ecologies: Laurie Spiegel's Musical Explorations of Urban Wildlife’. Social Alternatives 33/1 (2014), 1622.Google Scholar
Haraway, Donna. When Species Meet. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Harper, Paula Clare. ‘Autoplaying, Unmuting, Attending: (Re)formatting the Twenty-First-Century Digital Sensorium’. This issue.Google Scholar
Harper, Paula Clare. ‘(Corona)Viral Musicking: Sounding Sanitation and Social Distance from Perotin to Cardi B’. Paper presented at the conference Music Scholarship at a Distance, online, 6 May 2020.Google Scholar
Harper, Paula Clare. ‘“Unmute This”: Captioning an (Audio) Visual Microgenre’. The Soundtrack 9/1–2 (2019), 723.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harper, Paula Clare. ‘Unmute This: Circulation, Sociality, and Sound in Viral Media’. PhD diss., Columbia University, 2019.Google Scholar
Harrison, Jack. ‘Two Left Feet: A Study of Multispecies Musicality in British Women's Sport’. PhD diss., University of Toronto, 2021.Google Scholar
Henry, Jasmine A. ‘“If I Back It Up”: Viral Circulations & Representations of Contemporary Black Independent Music-Makers’. Paper presented at the conference Internet Musicking: Popular Music and Online Cultures, online, 20–21 May 2022.Google Scholar
Judd, Hannah. ‘Virals, Memes, and the Lick's Circulation through Online Jazz Communities’. This issue.Google Scholar
Kassabian, Anahid. Hearing Film: Tracking Identifications in Contemporary Hollywood Film Music. New York: Routledge, 2001.Google Scholar
Kirksey, Eben, ed. The Multispecies Salon. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2014.Google Scholar
Komaniecki, Robert. Personal correspondence with the author. 19 February 2022.Google Scholar
Linné, Tobias. ‘Cow's on Facebook and Instagram: Interspecies Intimacy in the Social Media Spaces of the Swedish Dairy Industry’. Television & New Media 17/8 (2016), 719–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maddox, Jessica. The Internet Is for Cats: How Animal Images Shape Our Digital Lives. Newark, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2022.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maddox, Jessica. ‘The Secret Life of Pet Instagram Accounts: Joy Resistance, and Commodification in the Internet's Cute Economy’. New Media & Society 23/11 (2021), 3332–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mazza, Ed. ‘That Viral Javelina Footage Just Got Better Thanks to Some Well-Placed Music’. Huffington Post, 2 January 2020. www.huffpost.com/entry/javelina-with-music_n_5e5763b4c5b66622ed76b5f5 (accessed 15 February 2020).Google Scholar
Milner, Ryan M. The World According to Meme: Public Conversations and Participatory Media. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miltner, Kate M.“There's No Room for Lulz on LOLCats”: The Role of Genre, Gender, and Group Identity in the Interpretation and Enjoyment of an Internet Meme’. First Monday 19/8 (2014). https://firstmonday.org/article/view/5391/4103 (accessed 10 March 2022).Google Scholar
Moore, Andra, and Haasch, Palmer. ‘20 of the Most Viral Dances on TikTok, from “Corvette Corvette” to the “Renegade”’. Insider, 5 February 2021. www.insider.com/tiktok-dances-renegade-say-so-and-more-19-top-2020-3 (accessed 10 March 2022).Google Scholar
Moore, Sian. ‘A TikTok Violinist Duetted with His Howling Dog, and Created This Melancholic Masterpiece’. ClassicFM, 11 August 2021. www.classicfm.com/discover-music/instruments/violin/tiktok-duet-howling-opera-dog/ (accessed 15 August 2021).Google Scholar
Mundy, Rachel. Animal Musicalities: Birds, Beasts, and Evolutionary Listening. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 2018.Google Scholar
Mundy, Rachel. ‘Museums of Sound: Audio Bird Guides and the Pleasures of Knowledge’. Sound Studies 2/1 (2016), 5268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powrie, Phil and Stilwell, Robynn, eds. Changing Tunes: The Use of Pre-existing Music in Film. London: Routledge, 2006.Google Scholar
Ramnarine, Tina. ‘Acoustemology, Indigeneity, and Joik in Valkeapää's Symphonic Activism: Views from Europe's Arctic Fringes for Environmental Ethnomusicology’. Ethnomusicology 53/2 (2009), 187217.Google Scholar
Rothfels, Nigel. Savages and Beasts: The Birth of the Modern Zoo. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002.Google Scholar
Shifman, Limor. Memes in Digital Culture. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simonett, Helena. ‘Of Human and Non-Human Birds: Indigenous Music Making and Sentient Ecology in Northwestern Mexico’, in Current Directions in Ecomusicology: Music, Culture, Nature, ed. Allen, Aaron S. and Dawe, Kevin. New York: Routledge, 2016. 99108.Google Scholar
Small, Christopher. Musicking: The Meanings of Performing and Listening. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1998.Google Scholar
Smothers, Hannah. ‘The Sprinting Javelina Is a Reminder that Running Can Be Awesome’. Vice, 28 January 2020. www.vice.com/en_us/article/xgq5gk/enjoy-running-javelina-video (accessed 10 September 2021).Google Scholar
Sommer, Liz. ‘Vibe by Cookie Kawaii on TikTok – Throw it Back’. StayHip, 20 February 2020. https://stayhipp.com/media/tiktok/vibe-by-cookiee-kawaii-on-tiktok-throw-it-back/ (accessed 20 June 2020).Google Scholar
Strapagiel, Lauren. ‘This Teen Twerking with His Duck is the Vibe We Need in These Strange Times’. BuzzFeed News, 9 April 2020. www.buzzfeednews.com/article/laurenstrapagiel/twerking-duck-tiktok (accessed 10 June 2020).Google Scholar
Veltre, Thomas. ‘Menageries, Metaphors, and Meanings’, in New Worlds, New Animals: From Menagerie to Zoological Park in the Nineteenth Century, ed. Hoage, R. J. and Deiss, William A.. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996. 1932.Google Scholar
Von Glahn, Denise. Music and the Skillful Listener: American Women Compose the Natural World. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Watkins, Holly. ‘Music between Reaction and Response’. Eventual Aesthetics 2/2 (2013), 7897.Google Scholar
‘Bunny Momo Plays Theremin by Ear’. YouTube, 16 April 2019. www.youtube.com/watch?v=FcfYoIpxaao (accessed 20 March 2021).Google Scholar
The Damon Alexander Team. ‘Wee Wee All the Way Home’. Facebook, 22 February 2020. www.facebook.com/watch/?ref=external&v=208288650321279 (accessed 22 February 2020).Google Scholar
‘In the Deer 2nite’. YouTube, 1 October 2018. www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ft954vXPa4 (accessed 20 March 2021).Google Scholar
‘Duck Playing the Drums’. YouTube, 25 January 2020. www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdnlptVP2B8 (accessed 20 March 2021).Google Scholar
@hartyt_. ‘Here's the Greatest Tiktok I'll Ever Make’. Twitter, 13 February 2020, 9:49PM EDT. https://twitter.com/HartYT_/status/1228149203261698048 (accessed 20 March 2020).Google Scholar
@javelinarunning. ‘Javelina Running To’. Twitter. https://twitter.com/javelinarunning (accessed 1 March 2020).Google Scholar
@JimMFelton. ‘Added Rom-Com Chase through the Airport Music’. Twitter, 25 February 2020, 5:57PM EDT. https://twitter.com/JimMFelton/status/1232439440749916160 (accessed 25 February 2020).Google Scholar
‘Justin Trudeau Sings “Speaking Moistly”’. YouTube, 8 April 2020. www.youtube.com/watch?v=eySDeBdqxGY&t=4s (accessed 10 April 2020).Google Scholar
@Komaniecki_R. ‘I Transcribed Nikolas the Opera Singing Dog’. Twitter, 9 August 2021, 8:01PM. https://mobile.twitter.com/Komaniecki_R/status/1424883649682542594 (accessed 9 August 2021).Google Scholar
@my_aussie_gal. Instagram, 18 July 2021. www.instagram.com/reel/CReiYvEnTk8/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link (accessed 10 January 2022).Google Scholar
@nicola_us. ‘Born to Be Opera Singer’. TikTok, 7 August 2021. www.tiktok.com/@nicolas_us/video/6993750339266645253?lang=en&is_copy_url=1&is_from_webapp=v1 (accessed 20 August 2021).Google Scholar
‘Nikolas the Opera Dog (with accompaniment)’. YouTube, 11 August 2021. www.youtube.com/watch?v=5w-fDM6HFbc (accessed 1 September 2021).Google Scholar
Shelley, Braxton. ‘“I Had to Flip This One”: Music, Memes, and Digital Antiphony’. YouTube, 23 March 2020. www.youtube.com/watch?v=PYXXwPdOpYA (accessed 10 April 2020).Google Scholar
‘“Speaking Moistly” Odin Quartet feat. David Usher (Moist)’. YouTube, 1 July 2020. www.youtube.com/watch?v=XZl1378nSfA (accessed 10 July 2020).Google Scholar
‘When Your Bird is Beyoncé AF @bestvideo’. YouTube, 27 June 2015. www.youtube.com/shorts/xWmBDNXXH2E (accessed 20 March 2021).Google Scholar
‘Bunny Momo Plays Theremin by Ear’. YouTube, 16 April 2019. www.youtube.com/watch?v=FcfYoIpxaao (accessed 20 March 2021).Google Scholar
The Damon Alexander Team. ‘Wee Wee All the Way Home’. Facebook, 22 February 2020. www.facebook.com/watch/?ref=external&v=208288650321279 (accessed 22 February 2020).Google Scholar
‘In the Deer 2nite’. YouTube, 1 October 2018. www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ft954vXPa4 (accessed 20 March 2021).Google Scholar
‘Duck Playing the Drums’. YouTube, 25 January 2020. www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdnlptVP2B8 (accessed 20 March 2021).Google Scholar
@hartyt_. ‘Here's the Greatest Tiktok I'll Ever Make’. Twitter, 13 February 2020, 9:49PM EDT. https://twitter.com/HartYT_/status/1228149203261698048 (accessed 20 March 2020).Google Scholar
@javelinarunning. ‘Javelina Running To’. Twitter. https://twitter.com/javelinarunning (accessed 1 March 2020).Google Scholar
@JimMFelton. ‘Added Rom-Com Chase through the Airport Music’. Twitter, 25 February 2020, 5:57PM EDT. https://twitter.com/JimMFelton/status/1232439440749916160 (accessed 25 February 2020).Google Scholar
‘Justin Trudeau Sings “Speaking Moistly”’. YouTube, 8 April 2020. www.youtube.com/watch?v=eySDeBdqxGY&t=4s (accessed 10 April 2020).Google Scholar
@Komaniecki_R. ‘I Transcribed Nikolas the Opera Singing Dog’. Twitter, 9 August 2021, 8:01PM. https://mobile.twitter.com/Komaniecki_R/status/1424883649682542594 (accessed 9 August 2021).Google Scholar
@my_aussie_gal. Instagram, 18 July 2021. www.instagram.com/reel/CReiYvEnTk8/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link (accessed 10 January 2022).Google Scholar
@nicola_us. ‘Born to Be Opera Singer’. TikTok, 7 August 2021. www.tiktok.com/@nicolas_us/video/6993750339266645253?lang=en&is_copy_url=1&is_from_webapp=v1 (accessed 20 August 2021).Google Scholar
‘Nikolas the Opera Dog (with accompaniment)’. YouTube, 11 August 2021. www.youtube.com/watch?v=5w-fDM6HFbc (accessed 1 September 2021).Google Scholar
Shelley, Braxton. ‘“I Had to Flip This One”: Music, Memes, and Digital Antiphony’. YouTube, 23 March 2020. www.youtube.com/watch?v=PYXXwPdOpYA (accessed 10 April 2020).Google Scholar
‘“Speaking Moistly” Odin Quartet feat. David Usher (Moist)’. YouTube, 1 July 2020. www.youtube.com/watch?v=XZl1378nSfA (accessed 10 July 2020).Google Scholar
‘When Your Bird is Beyoncé AF @bestvideo’. YouTube, 27 June 2015. www.youtube.com/shorts/xWmBDNXXH2E (accessed 20 March 2021).Google Scholar