Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-mp689 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T10:06:14.068Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Safety of Antidepressants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

John A. Henry*
Affiliation:
National Poisons Unit, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT

Extract

It is no exaggeration to say that, in the 30 years since antidepressants were introduced, they have revolutionised the management of depression, thus fulfilling, at least for depressive illness, Paracelsus' prophetic wish. We now have a group of drugs which can induce remission in a disease which is disabling and not infrequently fatal. Despite intensive research, however, our understanding of the mechanism of action of these drugs is still largely hypothetical. Even our methods of evaluation are sufficient only to enable one to decide whether an antidepressant drug is effective or ineffective; there is no experimental method which can rank them in an overall order of potency, and perhaps this should not be the aim, since there must be subgroups of depressed patients who will respond differently to any one agent.

Type
Annotation
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1992 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Armstrong, M. S. & Andrews, G. (1986) A survey of practising psychiatrists' views on treatment of depression. British Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 742745.Google Scholar
Bateman, D. N., Chaplin, S. & Ferner, R. E. (1988) Safety of mianserin. Lancet, ii, 401402.Google Scholar
Beasley, C. M., Dornseif, B. E., Bosomworth, J. C., et al (1991) Fluoxetine and suicide: a meta-analysis of controlled trials of treatment for depression. British Medical Journal, 303, 685692.Google Scholar
Belongia, E. A., Hedberg, C. W., Gleich, G. J., et al (1990) An investigation of the cause of the eosinophilia–myalgia syndrome associated with tryptophan use. New England Journal of Medicine, 323, 357365.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berkley, R. B. (1990) Discussion of fluoxetine and suicidal tendencies (letter). American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 1572.Google Scholar
Bridges, P. K. (1983) “… . and a small dose of an antidepressant might help.” British Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 626628.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
British Medical Journal (1988) CSM update, review of yellow cards – 1986 and 1987. British Medical Journal, 296, 1319.Google Scholar
Callaham, M. & Kassel, D. (1985) Epidemiology of fatal tricyclic antidepressant ingestion: implications for management. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 14, 19.Google Scholar
Cassidy, S. L. & Henry, J. A. (1987) Fatal toxicity of antidepressant drugs in overdose. British Medical Journal, 295, 10211024.Google Scholar
Chouirard, G. (1985) A double-blind controlled trial on fluoxetine and amitriptyline in the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 46, 3237.Google Scholar
Committee on Safety of Medicines (1988) Lofepramine (Gamanil) and abnormal blood tests of liver function. Current Problems, 23, 2.Google Scholar
Coulter, D. M. & Edwards, I. R. (1990) Mianserin and agranulocytosis in New Zealand. Lancet, 336, 785787.Google Scholar
Crome, P. & Newman, B. (1979) Fatal tricyclic antidepressant poisoning. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 72, 649653.Google Scholar
Dasgupta, K. (1990) Additional cases of suicidal ideation association with fluoxetine (letter). American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 1570.Google Scholar
Department of Health and Social Security (1988) Press Release 88/191. London: DHSS.Google Scholar
Farmer, R. (1990) Mianserin and agranulocytosis (letter). Lancet, 336, 1010.Google Scholar
Frejaville, J. P., Nicaise, A. M., Christoforov, B., et al (1966) Etude statistique d'une seconde centaine d'intoxications aigues par les derives de l'iminodibenzyle (tofranil, pertofran, G 34, surmontil) et ceux du dihydrobenzocycloheptadiene (laroxyl, elavil). Bulletin de la Societe Medicale des Hopitaux de Paris, 117, 11511175.Google Scholar
Girard, M. (1990) Mianserin side-effects. Lancet, 336, 1439.Google Scholar
Hoover, C. E. (1990) Additional cases of suicidal ideation associated with fluoxetine (letter). American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 15701571.Google Scholar
Inman, W. H. W. (1988) Blood disorders and suicide in patients taking mianserin or amitriptyline. Lancet, ii, 9092.Google Scholar
Lewis, J. A. (1983) Postmarketing surveillance: how many patients? Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 2, 9394.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, R. A. (1990) Discussion of fluoxetine and suicidal tendencies (letter). American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 1571.Google Scholar
Muijen, M., Roy, D., Silverstone, T., et al (1988) A comparative clinical trial of fluoxetine, mianserin and placebo with depressed outpatients. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 78, 384390.Google Scholar
O'Donnell, M. (1991) Trial by anecdote. British Medical Journal, 302, 5657.Google Scholar
Paykel, E. S. & Hale, A. S. (1986) Recent advances in the treatment of depression. In The Biology of Depression (ed. Deakin, J. F. W.), pp. 153173. London: Gaskell.Google Scholar
Pentel, P. R. & Benowitz, N. L. (1986) Tricyclic antidepressant poisoning: management of arrhythmias. Medical Toxicology, 1, 101121.Google Scholar
Sachs, R. M. & Bortnichak, E. A. (1986) An evaluation of spontaneous drug reaction monitoring systems. American Journal of Medicine, 81 (suppl. 5B), 4955.Google Scholar
Sakimoto, K. (1990) The cause of the eosinophilia–myalgia syndrome associated with tryptophan use. New England Journal of Medicine, 323, 992993.Google Scholar
Sigerist, H. E. (ed.) (1941) Four Treatises of Theophrastus von Hohenheim called Paracelsus. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press.Google Scholar
Teicher, M. H., Glod, C. & Cole, J. O. (1990) Emergence of intense suicidal preoccupation during fluoxetine treatment. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 207210.Google Scholar
Tollefson, G. D. (1990) Fluoxetine and suicidal ideation (letter). American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 16911692.Google Scholar
Young, J. P. R., Coleman, A. & Lader, M. H. (1987) A controlled comparison of fluoxetine and amitriptyline in depressed patients. British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 337340.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.