After a week of highly interesting discussions on ‘stellar evolution and the photospheric abundance connection’ we now come to resume the contributions to this Symposium. This task has been divided up among three of us, arranged according to the course of stellar evolution, and in alphabetical order of the speakers (Baschek, Lambert, van Horn). I begin with the essentially unevolved stars, recalling some results and problems, not systematically but rather selected from my own interests.

First I should like to briefly reconsider the accuracy of abundance determinations in view of the contributions following my review. Then some comments on stellar models are given, followed by a few remarks about peculiar A stars. Finally, the similarity of the oxygen abundance in Magellanic Cloud B stars and galactic population II stars is pointed out.