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How is Time Perspective Related to Perceptions of Self and of Interpersonal Relationships?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 December 2014

Umit Akirmak
Umit Akirmak*
Affiliation:
Istanbul Bilgi University (Turkey)
*
*Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Umit Akirmak, Department of Psychology, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul (Turkey). E-mail: umit.akirmak@bilgi.edu.tr
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Abstract

Previous research has revealed a positive association between balanced time perspective (BTP) and subjective well-being (Boniwell & Zimbardo, 2004), however mechanisms underlying BTP are yet to be determined. The goal of the present study was to examine the contributions of personality and quality of interpersonal relationships in the development of BTP. Additionally, the correlations between these measures and time perspective dimensions were evaluated as an attempt to provide further psychometric properties of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) in a Turkish sample. 178 undergraduates filled out a survey that included the ZTPI and measures that assessed personality characteristics, and quality of parent, peer, and adult relationships. Results showed that deviation from BTP was positively associated with romantic anxiety (r = .41, p < .001), romantic avoidance (r = .33, p < .001), and neuroticism (r = .49, p < .001) but negatively associated with self-esteem (r = –.50, p < .001) and security of the mother (r = –.38, p < .001), father (r = –.37, p < .001) and peer (r = –.27, p < .001) attachment. When personality and attachment measures were employed in a regression analysis, father attachment, romantic anxiety, self-esteem, and neuroticism were found to be significant predictors of the deviation from BTP scores (adjusted R 2 = .39, f2 = .75). Finally, the inter-correlations of the ZTPI dimensions and their correlations with the personality and attachment measures provided additional support for the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the ZTPI. These findings imply that positive perceptions of self and of interpersonal relationships are crucial in the development of BTP.

Keywords

ZTPIbalanced time perspectivepersonalityparent and peer attachmentadult attachment
Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 17 , 2014 , E92
Copyright
Copyright © Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid 2014 

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