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Phenotyping for resistance to pre-harvest sprouting in grain sorghum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2021

María Verónica Rodríguez Open the ORCID record for María Verónica Rodríguez [Opens in a new window] ,
Gonzalo Joaquín Arata Open the ORCID record for Gonzalo Joaquín Arata [Opens in a new window] ,
Sandra Mabel Díaz ,
Santiago Rentería Open the ORCID record for Santiago Rentería [Opens in a new window]  and
Roberto L. Benech-Arnold Open the ORCID record for Roberto L. Benech-Arnold [Opens in a new window]
María Verónica Rodríguez*
Affiliation:
IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía. Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSECiudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Gonzalo Joaquín Arata
Affiliation:
IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía. Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina Cátedra de Cultivos Industriales, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSECiudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Sandra Mabel Díaz
Affiliation:
Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSECiudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Santiago Rentería
Affiliation:
Advanta Semillas SACI, Estación Experimental, Venado Tuerto, Santa Fe, Argentina
Roberto L. Benech-Arnold
Affiliation:
IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía. Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina Cátedra de Cultivos Industriales, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSECiudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
*
Author for Correspondence: María Verónica Rodríguez, E-mail: mvr@agro.uba.ar
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Abstract

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is a common threat to cereal crops in which the grain maturation phase takes place under rainy, moist conditions. Susceptibility to PHS is higher in sorghum genotypes displaying low levels of seed dormancy before harvest maturity. Other attributes such as glume or panicle morphology may also affect susceptibility to PHS. Breeding for resistance to PHS in grain sorghum requires the identification of grain physiological and morphological attributes affecting this trait, and a protocol for phenotyping and rating genotypes according to their susceptibility to PHS. In this work, we tested germination under laboratory conditions using detached grains and intact panicles for a panel of 20 sorghum genotypes including 11 parental lines, 6 hybrids and 3 reference inbred lines with contrasting PHS response. Records for natural sprouting in the field for these genotypes were also included in the analysis. Multivariate analyses of germination data allowed separation of genotypes into two major categories (resistant and susceptible to PHS). Laboratory germination data correlated significantly with PHS in the field. In most genotypes, the glumes had a significant, inhibitory effect on germination. The low levels of grain dormancy were observed among high tannin backgrounds, and vice versa, indicating that a pigmented testa alone does not provide resistance to PHS. Altogether, the phenotyping protocol allowed the classification of sorghum genotypes according to their susceptibility to PHS and the identification of different attributes useful for breeding for PHS resistance in this crop.

Keywords

germinationgrain dormancygrain sorghumphenotypingplant staturepre-harvest sproutingSorghum bicolor
Type
Research Paper
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 31 , Issue 3 , September 2021 , pp. 178 - 187
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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