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Seed heteromorphy influences seed longevity in Aegilops

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 October 2018

Filippo Guzzon Open the ORCID record for Filippo Guzzon [Opens in a new window] ,
Simone Orsenigo ,
Maraeva Gianella ,
Jonas V. Müller ,
Ilda Vagge ,
Graziano Rossi  and
Andrea Mondoni
Filippo Guzzon*
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Simone Orsenigo
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences – Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Maraeva Gianella
Affiliation:
Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Jonas V. Müller
Affiliation:
Millennium Seed Bank, Conservation Science Department, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Wakehurst Place, UK
Ilda Vagge
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences – Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Graziano Rossi
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Andrea Mondoni
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
*
Author for correspondence: Filippo Guzzon, Email: filippo.guzzon01@universitadipavia.it
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Abstract

The genus Aegilops belongs to the secondary gene pool of wheat and has great importance for wheat cultivar improvement. As a genus with only annual species, regeneration from seeds in Aegilops is crucial. In several species in Aegilops, spikes produce different seed morphs, both in size and germination patterns. However, little is known about the ecology of seed germination, nor about the seed longevity in this genus. Here we investigated the germination phenology of Ae. neglecta under laboratory and field conditions and assessed longevity of different seed morphs of five additional Aegilops species using controlled ageing tests. Large seeds were short-lived and germinated faster than small seeds in most of the species. Field experiments with Ae. neglecta showed that large seeds of the dimorphic pair germinated 3 months after dispersal in contrast to 14 months for smaller seeds. Differences in longevity were detected not only in dimorphic seed pairs, but also among seeds from different positions on the spike. Our results indicate that different longevities in seed morphs of Aegilops may reflect a different soil seed bank persistence, with smaller seeds able to maintain a higher viability after dispersal than larger ones, thereby spreading seedling emergence over two years. Differences of seed germination and longevities between seed morphs in Aegilops may have important implications for ex situ seed conservation and reinforce the hypothesis of a bet-hedging strategy in the germination ecology of this genus.

Keywords

controlled ageing testcrop wild relativesgermination ecologyseed conservationseed dimorphismphenologysoil seed bank
Type
Research Paper
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 28 , Issue 4 , December 2018 , pp. 277 - 285
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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