Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-gq7q9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T08:42:09.208Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Magnetic Polarity and Fission-Track Chronology of a Late Pliocene–Pleistocene Paleoclimatic Proxy Record in the Tropical Andes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Karin F. Helmens ,
Rene W. Barendregt ,
Randolph J. Enkin ,
Judith Baker  and
Paul A.M. Andriessen
Karin F. Helmens
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada, T1K 3M4
Rene W. Barendregt
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada, T1K 3M4
Randolph J. Enkin
Affiliation:
Geological Survey of Canada, Box 6000, Sidney, British Columbia, Canada, V8L 4B2
Judith Baker
Affiliation:
Geological Survey of Canada, Box 6000, Sidney, British Columbia, Canada, V8L 4B2
Paul A.M. Andriessen
Affiliation:
Institute of Earth Sciences, Free University, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Two sections exposing a Late Pliocene–Pleistocene sedimentary sequence in the marginal valleys of the Bogotá Basin (Colombian Andes, South America) were sampled for paleomagnetic analysis. Magnetostratigraphy and fission-track dates of tephra beds provide a detailed geochronologic calibration for the sedimentary basin. Measurements of magnetic susceptibility complement the regional environmental record provided by lithological and palynological evidence. Sedimentation in the Bogota Basin started in the early part of the Gauss Chron at ca. 3.2 myr. The oldest recorded sediments belong to the Guasca Member of the Upper Tilatá Formation. They were deposited in a lacustrine/paludal environment, near the end of the tectonic uplift in the Bogotá area, and/or under Pliocene climatic conditions that were warmer than today. Repeated climate cooling associated with glaciations in the surrounding mountains resulted in the deposition of a fluvial–lacustrine complex referred to as the Subachoque Formation. The first glaciation is placed near the Gauss/Matuyama polarity reversal at 2.6 myr. A lithologic change in the Subachoque Formation marked by coarser-grained fluvial deposits and a possible increase in amplitude of the magnetic susceptibility signal occurs near the Matuyama/Brunhes boundary at 0.8 myr, indicating a shift toward higher magnitude climate oscillations.

Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 48 , Issue 1 , July 1997 , pp. 15 - 28
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andriessen, P.A.M., Bos, A., (1986). Post-Caledonian thermal evolution and crustal uplift in the Eidfjord area, western Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift. 66, 243–250.Google Scholar
Andriessen, P.A.M., Helmens, K.F., Hooghiemstra, H., Riezebos, P.A., Van der Hammen, T., (1993). Absolute chronology of the Pliocene-Quaternary sediment sequence of the Bogotá area, Colombia. Quaternary Science Reviews. 12, 483–501.Google Scholar
Cande, S.C., Kent, D.V., (1995). Revised calibration of the geomagnetic polarity timescale for the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic. Journal of Geophysical Research. 100, 6093–6095.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, A., (1961). Anomalous remanent magnetization of basalt. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin. 1083, 131–160.Google Scholar
Galbraith, R., Laslett, G.M., (1993). Statistical models of mixed fission-track ages. Nuclear Track Radiation Measurements. 21, 459–470.Google Scholar
Helmens, K.F., (1990). Neogene–Quaternary Geology of the High Plain of Bogotá, Eastern Cordillera, Colombia (Stratigraphy, Paleoenvironments and Landscape Evolution). Cramer, Berlin. Google Scholar
Helmens, K.F., Van der Hammen, T., (1994). The Pliocene and Quaternary of the high plain of Bogotá (Colombia): A history of tectonic uplift, basin development and climatic change. Quaternary International. 21, 41–61.Google Scholar
Helmens, K.F., Van der Hammen, T., (1995). Memoria explicativa para los mapas del Neogeno–Cuaternario de la Sabana de Bogotá—cuenca alta del Rı́o Bogotá. Análisis Geográficos. 24, 91–142.Google Scholar
Hooghiemstra, H., (1984). Vegetational and Climatic History of the High Plain of Bogotá, Colombia: A Continuous Record of the Last 3.5 Million Years. Cramer, Vaduz. Google Scholar
Hooghiemstra, H., Melice, J.L., Berger, A., Shackleton, N.J., (1993). Frequency spectra and paleoclimatic variability of the high-resolution 30-1450 ka Funza I pollen record (Eastern Cordillera, Colombia). Quaternary Science Reviews. 12, 141–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hooghiemstra, H., Ran, E.T.H., (1994). Late Pliocene–Pleistocene high resolution pollen sequence of Colombia: An overview of climatic change. Quaternary International. 21, 63–80.Google Scholar
Hubach, E., (1957). Estratigrafı́a de la Sabana de Bogotá y alrededores. Boletı́n Geológico (Ingeominas, Bogotá). 5, 93–113.Google Scholar
Kirschvink, J.L., (1980). The least-squares line and plane and the analysis of palaeomagnetic data. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society. 62, 699–718.Google Scholar
Kohn, B.P., Shagam, R., Banks, P.O., Burkley, L.A., (1984). Mesozoic-Pleistocene fission track ages on rocks of the Venezuelan Andes and their tectonic implications. Geological Society of America Memoir. 162, 365–384.Google Scholar
Kuhry, P., (1991). Comparative paleohydrology in the Andes of Colombia, Abstracts of the XIII INQUA Congress. 179, Beijing, China. Google Scholar
Kuhry, P., Helmens, K.F., (1990). Neogene–Quaternary biostratigraphy and paleoenvironments. Neogene-Quaternary Geology of the High Plain of Bogotá, Eastern Cordillera, Colombia (Stratigraphy, Paleoenvironments and Landscape Evolution). Cramer, Berlin. Google Scholar
McFadden, P.L., McElhinny, M., (1988). The combined analysis of remagnetization circles and direct observations in paleomagnetism. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 87, 161–172.Google Scholar
Ruddiman, W.F., Raymo, M.E., McIntyre, A., (1986). Matuyama 41,000-year cycles: North Atlantic Ocean and Northern Hemisphere ice sheets. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 80, 117–129.Google Scholar
Ruddiman, W.F., Raymo, M.E., Martinson, D.G., Clement, B.M., Backman, J., (1989). Pleistocene evolution of Northern Hemisphere climate. Paleoceanography. 4, 353–412.Google Scholar
Shackleton, N.J., Backman, J., Zimmerman, H., Kent, D.V., Hall, M.A., Roberts, D.G., Schnitker, D., Baldauf, J.G., Desprairies, A., Homrighausen, R., Huddlestun, P., Keene, J.B., Kaltenback, A.J., Krumsiek, K.A.O., Morton, A.C., Murray, J.W., Westberg-Smith, J., (1984). Oxygen isotope calibration of the onset of ice-rafting and history of glaciation in the North Atlantic region. Nature. 307, 620–623.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shackleton, N.J., Berger, A., Peltier, W.R., (1990). An alternative astronomical calibration of the lower Pleistocene timescale based on ODP Site 677. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences. 81, 251–261.Google Scholar
Thouveny, N., Servant, M., (1989). Palaeomagnetic stratigraphy of Pliocene continental deposits of the Bolivian Altiplano. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 70, 331–334.Google Scholar
Thouveny, N., de Beaulieu, J.L., Bonifay, E., Creer, K.M., Guiot, J., Icole, M., Johnsen, S., Jouzel, J., Reille, M., Williams, T., Williamson, D., (1994). Climate variations in Europe over the past 140 kyr deduced from rock magnetism. Nature. 371, 503–506.Google Scholar
Van der Hammen, T., (1986). La Sabana de Bogotá y su lago en el PLeniglacial Medio. Caldasia. 15, 249–262.Google Scholar
Van der Hammen, T., (1988). South-America, Vegetation History. Huntley, B., Webb, T., 3,, 307, 337, Kluwer, Dordrecht. Google Scholar
Van der Hammen, T., Werner, J.H., Van Dommelen, H., (1973). Palynological record of the upheaval of the northern Andes: A study of the Pliocene and lower Quaternary of the Colombian eastern Cordillera and the early evolution of its high-Andean biota. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 16, 1–122.Google Scholar
Van der Hammen, T., Barelds, J., De Jong, H., De Veer, A.A., (1980/81). Glacial sequence and environmental history in the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy (Colombia). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 32, 247–340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van der Hammen, T., Hooghiemstra, H., (1995). Chronoestratigrafı́a y correlacı́on del Plioceno y Cuaternario de Colombia. Análisis Geográficos. 24, 51–67.Google Scholar
Wijninga, V.M., Kuhry, P., (1993). Late Pliocene paleoecology of the Guasca Valley (Cordillera Oriental, Colombia). Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 78, 69–127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar