Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-m8qmq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T18:59:59.824Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Validation of a pre-coded food diary used among 13-year-olds: comparison of energy intake with energy expenditure

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2007

Lene F Andersen ,
Magnhild L Pollestad ,
David R Jacobs Jr ,
Arne Løvø  and
Bo-Egil Hustvedt
Lene F Andersen*
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, POB 1046 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
Magnhild L Pollestad
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, POB 1046 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
David R Jacobs Jr
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, POB 1046 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Arne Løvø
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, POB 1046 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
Bo-Egil Hustvedt
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, POB 1046 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
*
*Corresponding author: Email l.f.andersen@medisin.uio.no
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Objective

To validate energy intake (EI) estimated from pre-coded food diaries against energy expenditure (EE) measured with a validated position-and-movement monitor (ActiReg®) in groups of 13-year-old Norwegian schoolchildren.

Design

Two studies were conducted. In study 1 the monitoring period was 4 days; participants recorded their food intake for four consecutive weekdays using food diaries and wore the ActiReg® during the same period. In study 2 the monitoring period was 7 days; participants recorded their food intake for four consecutive days but wore the ActiReg® for a whole week.

Settings

Participants were recruited from grade 8 in a school in and one outside Oslo (Norway).

Subjects

Forty-one and 31 participants from study 1 and 2, respectively, completed the study.

Results

The group average EI was 34% lower than the measured EE in study 1 and 24% lower in study 2. The width of the 95% confidence limits of agreement in a Bland–Altman plot for EI and EE varied from -0.2 MJ to 8.2 MJ in study 1 and from -2.3 MJ to 6.9 MJ in study 2. The Pearson correlation coefficients between reported energy intake and expenditure were 0.47 (P = 0.002) in study 1 and 0.74 (P < 0.001) in study 2.

Conclusion

The data showed that there was substantial variability in the accuracy of the food diary at the individual level. Furthermore, the diary underestimated the average energy intake. The ability of the food diary to rank individuals according to energy intake was found to be good in one of the studies and moderate in the other.

Keywords

Energy intakeEnergy expenditureFood diaryValidation
Type
Research Article
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Volume 8 , Issue 8 , December 2005 , pp. 1315 - 1321
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2005

References

1Berenson, GS. Childhood risk factors predict adult risk associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease. The Bogalusa Heart Study. American Journal of Cardiology 2002; 90: 3L–7L.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2McGill, HC Jr, McMahan, CA, Herderick, EE, Malcom, GT, Tracy, RE, Strong, JP. Origin of atherosclerosis in childhood and adolescence. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2000; 72: 1307S–15S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3Livingstone, MB, Robson, PJ. Measurement of dietary intake in children. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 2000; 59: 279–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4Rockett, HR, Berkey, CS, Colditz, GA. Evaluation of dietary assessment instruments in adolescents. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 2003; 6: 557–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5Overby, NC, Lillegaard, ITL, Johansson, L, Andersen, LF. High intake of added sugar among Norwegian children and adolescents. Public Health Nutrition 2004; 7: 285–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6Andersen, LF, Nes, M, Bjørneboe, G-E, Drevon, CA. Food habits among 13-year-old Norwegian adolescents. Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition 1997; 41: 150–4.Google Scholar
7Trabulsi, J, Schoeller, DA. Evaluation of dietary assessment instruments against doubly labeled water, a biomarker of habitual energy intake. American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism 2001; 281: E891–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8Bandini, LG, Schoeller, DA, Cyr, HN, Dietz, WH. Validity of reported energy intake in obese and nonobese adolescents. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1990; 52: 421–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9Bandini, LG, Cyr, H, Must, A, Dietz, WH. Validity of reported energy intake in preadolescent girls. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1997; 65: 1138S–41S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10Bratteby, LE, Sandhagen, B, Fan, H, Enghardt, H, Samuelson, G. Total energy expenditure and physical activity as assessed by the doubly labeled water method in Swedish adolescents in whom energy intake was underestimated by 7-d diet records. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1998; 67: 905–11.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11Livingstone, MB, Prentice, AM, Coward, WA, Strain, JJ, Black, AE, Davies, PS, et al. Validation of estimates of energy intake by weighed dietary record and diet history in children and adolescents. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1992; 56: 29–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12Goldberg, GR, Black, AE. Assessment of the validity of reported energy intakes – review and recent developments. Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition 1998; 42: 6–9.Google Scholar
13Schoeller, DA. Validation of habitual energy intake. Public Health Nutrition 2002; 5: 883–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14Hustvedt, BE, Christophersen, A, Johnsen, LR, Tomten, H, McNeill, G, Haggarty, P, et al. Description and validation of the ActiReg: a novel instrument to measure physical activity and energy expenditure. British Journal of Nutrition 2004; 92: 1001–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15Løvø, A, Tomten, H, Christophersen, A, Haggarty, P, Hustvedt, BE. Measuring energy expenditure – validation of ActiReg and heart-rate monitoring against doubly labeled water. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2000; 32(Suppl. 5): 326.Google Scholar
16Lillegaard, IT, Overby, NC, Andersen, LF. Can children and adolescents use photographs of food to estimate portion sizes? European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2005; 59: 611–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17Rimestad, AH, Løken, EB, Nordbotten, A. The Norwegian food composition table and calculation system used at the Institute for Nutrition Research. Norwegian Epidemiology 2000; 107–10.Google Scholar
18Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (WHO)/United Nations University. Energy and Protein Requirements. Report of a Joint Expert Consultation Technical Report Series No. 724 Geneva: WHO, 1985.Google Scholar
19Bland, JM, Altman, DG. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet 1986; 1: 307–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20Black, AE. The sensitivity and specificity of the Goldberg cut-off for EI:BMR for identifying diet reports of poor validity. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2000; 54: 395–404.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21Klesges, LM, Baranowski, T, Beech, B, Cullen, K, Murray, DM, Rochon, J, et al. Social desirability bias in self-reported dietary, physical activity and weight concerns measures in 8- to 10-year-old African-American girls: results from the Girls Health Enrichment Multisite Studies (GEMS). Preventive Medicine 2004; 38(Suppl.): S78–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22Taren, DL, Tobar, M, Hill, A, Howell, W, Shisslak, C, Bell, I, Ritenbaugh, C. The association of energy intake bias with psychological scores of women. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1999; 53: 570–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23Tooze, JA, Subar, AF, Thompson, FE, Troiano, R, Schatzkin, A, Kipnis, V. Psychosocial predictors of energy underreporting in a large doubly labeled water study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2004; 79: 795–804.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24Bandini, LG, Must, A, Cyr, H, Anderson, SE, Spadano, JL, Dietz, WH. Longitudinal changes in the accuracy of reported energy intake in girls 10–15 y of age. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2003; 78: 480–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25Perks, SM, Roemmich, JN, Sandow-Pajewski, M, Clark, PA, Thomas, E, Weltman, A, et al. Alterations in growth and body composition during puberty. IV. Energy intake estimated by the youth–adolescent food-frequency questionnaire: validation by the doubly labeled water method. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2000; 72: 1455–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26Sjoberg, A, Slinde, F, Arvidsson, D, Ellegard, L, Gramatkovski, E, Hallberg, L, et al. Energy intake in Swedish adolescents: validation of diet history with doubly labelled water. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2003; 57: 1643–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27Livingstone, MBE, Prentice, AM, Strain, JJ, Coward, WA, Black, AE, Barker, ME, et al. Accuracy of weighed dietary records in studies of diet and health. British Medical Journal 1990; 300: 708–12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28Kristjansdottir, G, Vilhjalmsson, R. Sociodemographic differences in patterns of sedentary and physically active behavior in older children and adolescents. Acta Paediatrica 2001; 90: 429–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
29Osler, M, Clausen, JO, Ibsen, KK, Jensen, GB. Social influences and low leisure-time physical activity in young Danish adults. European Journal of Public Health 2001; 11: 130–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
30Ekelund, U, Sjostrom, M, Yngve, A, Nilsson, A. Total daily energy expenditure and pattern of physical activity measured by minute-by-minute heart rate monitoring in 14–15 year old Swedish adolescents. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2000; 54: 195–202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
31Muller, MJ, Bosy-Westphal, A, Klaus, S, Kreymann, G, Luhrmann, PM, Neuhauser-Berthold, M, et al. World Health Organization equations have shortcomings for predicting resting energy expenditure in persons from a modern, affluent population: generation of a new reference standard from a retrospective analysis of a German database of resting energy expenditure. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2004; 80: 1379–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar