Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T13:26:26.468Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The specificity of DSM-III schizotypal personality traits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

Elizabeth Squires-Wheeler ,
Andrew E. Skodol ,
David Friedman  and
L. Erlenmeyer-Kimling
Elizabeth Squires-Wheeler*
Affiliation:
Division of Developmental Behavioral Studies, Department of Medical Genetics, New York State Psychiatric Institute and the Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, USA
Andrew E. Skodol
Affiliation:
Division of Developmental Behavioral Studies, Department of Medical Genetics, New York State Psychiatric Institute and the Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, USA
David Friedman
Affiliation:
Division of Developmental Behavioral Studies, Department of Medical Genetics, New York State Psychiatric Institute and the Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, USA
L. Erlenmeyer-Kimling
Affiliation:
Division of Developmental Behavioral Studies, Department of Medical Genetics, New York State Psychiatric Institute and the Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, USA
*
1Address for correspondence: Dr Elizabeth Squires-Wheeler, Division of Developmental Behavioral Studies, Department of Medical Genetics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Synopsis

The rate of DSM-III schizotypal personality traits was evaluated in three groups of adolescent offspring (ages 15–21), defined by the psychiatric diagnosis of their parents. Parental diagnoses included schizophrenic disorder (40 adolescents), affective disorder (35 adolescents), and ‘no psychiatric disorder’ (normal controls) parents (82 adolescents). The presence of the eight component features of schizotypal personality disorder was assessed from video-taped semi-structured psychiatric interviews, subsequently rated by trained psychiatrists, blind to the parental psychiatric status of the subjects. The effect of age, sex, and social class on the pattern of prevalence results was examined.

The expected specificity of DSM-III schizotypal personality traits to schizophrenia was not supported by the prevalence pattern of the traits. Rates of 2 or more, 3 or more, and 4 or more schizotypal personality features were highest in the parental psychiatric groups. The rates of schizotypal personality traits in adolescent offspring of affective disorder parents were as high as those previously reported for relatives of schizophrenic disorder probands.

Type
Preliminary Communication
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 18 , Issue 3 , August 1988 , pp. 757 - 765
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Akiskal, H. S. (1981). Sub-affective disorders: dysthymic, cyclothymic and bipolar II disorders in the ‘borderline’ realm. Psychiatric Clinics of North America 4, 25–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
American Psychiatric Association. (1980). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Third Edition). Washington D.C.Google Scholar
Andruloms, P. A., Glucek, B. L., Stroebel, C. F., Vogel, N. G., Shapiro, A. L. & Aldridge, D. M. (1981). Organic brain dysfunction and the borderline syndrome. Psychiatric Clinics of North America 4, 47–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baron, M., Gruen, R., Asnis, L. & Endicott, J. (1980). Schedule for Interviewing Borderlines (SIB). N.Y. State Psychiatric Institute: New York.Google Scholar
Baron, M., Gruen, R., Asnis, L. & Kane, J. (1983 a). Familial relatedness of schizophrenia and schizotypal states. American Journal of Psychiatry 140, 1437–1442.Google ScholarPubMed
Baron, M., Gruen, R., Asnis, L. & Kane, J. (1983 b). Age-of-onset in schizophrenia and schizotypal disorders: clinical and genetic implications. Neuropsychobiology 10, 199–204.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baron, M., Gruen, R., Rainer, J. D., Kane, J., Asnis, L. & Lord, S. (1985). A family study of schizophrenic and normal control probands: implications for the spectrum concept of schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry 142, 447–455.Google ScholarPubMed
Coryell, W. & Zimmerman, M. (in the press). The heritability of schizophrenia and schizo-affective disorder: a family study. Archives of General Psychiatry.Google Scholar
Crow, T. J. (1986). The continuum of psychosis and its implication for the structure of the gene. British Journal of Psychiatry 149, 419–429.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Drake, R. E. & Vaillant, G. E. (1985). A validity study of Axis II of DSM-III. American Journal of Psychiatry 142, 553–558.Google ScholarPubMed
Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L. & Cornblatt, B. (1987). The New York High Risk Project: a follow-up report. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 13, 451–461.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L., Cornblatt, B. & Golden, R. (1983). Early indicators of vulnerability to schizophrenia in children at high genetic risk. In Childhood Psychopathology and Development (ed. Guze, S. B. Earls, F. J. & Barrett, J. E.), pp. 247–264. Raven Press: New York.Google Scholar
Fleiss, J. L. (1981). Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions. Second Edition pp. 13–29. John Wiley & Sons: New York.Google Scholar
Gunderson, J. G. & Siever, L. J. (1985). Relatedness of schizotypal to schizophrenic disorders: editor's introduction. Schizophrenia Bulletin 11, 532–537.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guze, S. D., Akiskal, H. S., Cadoret, R. J., Cloninger, C. R., Matthysse, S., & Rosenthal, D. (1978). Family and genetic history as diagnostic predictors. In Psychiatric Diagnosis: Explorations of Biological Predictors (ed. Akiskal, H. S. & Webb, W. L.), pp. 219–229. Spectrum Publications: New York.Google Scholar
Hollingshead, A. B. & Redlich, F. C. (1958). Social Class and Mental Illness. John Wiley & Sons: New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ingraham, L. J. Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.Poster presented at the International Congress on Schizophrenia Research,March 28– April 1, 1987.Google Scholar
Kendler, K. S. (1985). Diagnostic approaches to schizotypal personality disorder: a historical perspective. Schizophrenia Bulletin 11, 538–553.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kestenbaum, C. J. & Bird, H. R. (1977). Mental Health Assessment Form (MHAF). St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center: New York.Google Scholar
Kety, S. S. (1983). Mental illness in the biological and adoptive relatives of schizophrenic adoptees: findings relevant to genetic and environmental factors in etiology. American Journal of Psychiatry 140, 720–727.Google ScholarPubMed
Kety, S. S. (1985). Schizotypal personality disorder: an operational definition of Bleuler's latent schizophrenia? Schizophrenia Bulletin 11, 590–594.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kety, S. S., Rosenthal, D., Wender, P. H. & Schulsinger, F. (1968). The types and prevalences of mental illness in the biological and adoptive families of adopted schizophrenics. In The Transmission of Schizophrenia (ed Rosenthal, D. & Kety, S. S.), pp. 345–362. Pergamon Press: London.Google Scholar
Loranger, A. W., Susman, V. L., Oldham, J. M. & Russakoff, L. M. (1987). The Personality Disorder Examination: a preliminary report. Journal of Personality Disorders 1, 1–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siever, L. J. (1981). Schizoid and schizotypal personality disorders. In Personality Disorders, Diagnosis and Management (Revised for DSM-III), 2nd edition, (ed. Lion, J. R.), pp. 32–64. Williams & Wilkins: BaltimoreGoogle Scholar
Siever, L. J. & Gunderson, J. G. (1979). Genetic determinants of borderline conditions. Schizophrenia Bulletin 5, 59–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Siever, L. J. & Gunderson, J. G. (1983). The search for a schizotypal personality: historical origins and current status. Comprehensive Psychiatry 24, 199–212.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Soloff, P. H. & Millward, J. W. (1983). Psychiatric disorders in the families of borderline patients. Archives of General Psychiatry 40, 37–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spitzer, R. L. & Endicott, J. (1978–1979). Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) (3rd ed.). New York State Psychiatric Institute: New York.Google Scholar
Spitzer, R. L. & Endicott, J. (1979). Justification for separating schizotypal and borderline personality disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin 5, 96–103.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spitzer, R. L., Endicott, J. & Robins, E. (1978). Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC). Biometrics Research, New York State Psychiatric Institute: New York.Google Scholar
Spitzer, R. L., Endicott, J. & Gibbon, M. (1979). Crossing the border into borderline personality and borderline schizophrenia: the development of criteria. Archives of General Psychiatry 36, 17–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Squires-Wheeler, E. Discriminant validity of schizotypal personality features and disorder.Poster presented at the 74th Annual meeting of the American Psychopathological Association,New York City,March 1–3, 1984.Google Scholar