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The protective effect of vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy to antidepressants on brain structural and functional connectivity of patients with major depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2024

Wenming Zhao ,
Dao-min Zhu ,
Yuhao Shen ,
Yu Zhang ,
Tao Chen ,
Huanhuan Cai ,
Jiajia Zhu  and
Yongqiang Yu
Wenming Zhao
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Brain Bank Construction and Resource Utilization, Hefei 230032, China
Dao-min Zhu
Affiliation:
Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei 230022, China Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei 230022, China
Yuhao Shen
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Brain Bank Construction and Resource Utilization, Hefei 230032, China
Yu Zhang
Affiliation:
Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei 230022, China Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei 230022, China
Tao Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei 230022, China Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei 230022, China
Huanhuan Cai
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Brain Bank Construction and Resource Utilization, Hefei 230032, China
Jiajia Zhu*
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Brain Bank Construction and Resource Utilization, Hefei 230032, China
Yongqiang Yu*
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Brain Bank Construction and Resource Utilization, Hefei 230032, China
*
Corresponding author: Yongqiang Yu; Email: cjr.yuyongqiang@vip.163.com; Jiajia Zhu; Email: zhujiajiagraduate@163.com
Corresponding author: Yongqiang Yu; Email: cjr.yuyongqiang@vip.163.com; Jiajia Zhu; Email: zhujiajiagraduate@163.com
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Abstract

Background

Growing evidence points to the pivotal role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology and treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, there is a paucity of longitudinal research investigating the effects of vitamin D supplementation on the brain of MDD patients.

Methods

We conducted a double-blind randomized controlled trial in 46 MDD patients, who were randomly allocated into either VD (antidepressant medication + vitamin D supplementation) or NVD (antidepressant medication + placebos) groups. Data from diffusion tensor imaging, resting-state functional MRI, serum vitamin D concentration, and clinical symptoms were obtained at baseline and after an average of 7 months of intervention.

Results

Both VD and NVD groups showed significant improvement in depression and anxiety symptoms but with no significant differences between the two groups. However, a greater increase in serum vitamin D concentration was found to be associated with greater improvement in depression and anxiety symptoms in VD group. More importantly, neuroimaging data demonstrated disrupted white matter integrity of right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus along with decreased functional connectivity between right frontoparietal and medial visual networks after intervention in NVD group, but no changes in VD group.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation as adjunctive therapy to antidepressants may not only contribute to improvement in clinical symptoms but also help preserve brain structural and functional connectivity in MDD patients.

Keywords

functional network connectivitymajor depressive disorderrandomized controlled trialvitamin D supplementationwhite matter integrity
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , First View , pp. 1 - 11
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

*

These authors contributed equally to this work.

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