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Effects of slow-wave activity on mood disturbance in major depressive disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 May 2018

Jennifer R. Goldschmied*
Affiliation:
Center for Sleep & Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, 125 S.31st St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Philip Cheng
Affiliation:
Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, 39450 W 12 Mile Rd, Novi MI 48377, USA
Robert Hoffmann
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, 4250 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Elaine M. Boland
Affiliation:
Behavioral Health Service, Cpl. Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Patricia J. Deldin
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, 4250 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Roseanne Armitage
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, 4250 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Jennifer R. Goldschmied, E-mail: jrgolds2@pennmedicine.upenn.edu

Abstract

Background

Studies have demonstrated that decreases in slow-wave activity (SWA) predict decreases in depressive symptoms in those with major depressive disorder (MDD), suggesting that there may be a link between SWA and mood. The aim of the present study was to determine if the consequent change in SWA regulation following a mild homeostatic sleep challenge would predict mood disturbance.

Methods

Thirty-seven depressed and fifty-nine healthy adults spent three consecutive nights in the sleep laboratory. On the third night, bedtime was delayed by 3 h, as this procedure has been shown to provoke SWA. The Profile of Mood States questionnaire was administered on the morning following the baseline and sleep delay nights to measure mood disturbance.

Results

Results revealed that following sleep delay, a lower delta sleep ratio, indicative of inadequate dissipation of SWA from the first to the second non-rapid eye movement period, predicted increased mood disturbance in only those with MDD.

Conclusions

These data demonstrate that in the first half of the night, individuals with MDD who have less SWA dissipation as a consequence of impaired SWA regulation have greater mood disturbance, and may suggest that appropriate homeostatic regulation of sleep is an important factor in the disorder.

Type
Original Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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Footnotes

*

Retired.

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