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Education and long-term outcomes in first episode psychosis: 10-year follow-up study of the PAFIP cohort

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 May 2021

Rosa Ayesa-Arriola Open the ORCID record for Rosa Ayesa-Arriola [Opens in a new window] ,
Margarita Miguel-Corredera ,
Victor Ortiz-García de la Foz ,
Karl D. Neergaard ,
Patricia Correa-Ghisays ,
Esther Setién-Suero  and
Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
Rosa Ayesa-Arriola*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, IDIVAL, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
Margarita Miguel-Corredera
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, IDIVAL, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
Victor Ortiz-García de la Foz
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, IDIVAL, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
Karl D. Neergaard
Affiliation:
Department of English, Macau University, China
Patricia Correa-Ghisays
Affiliation:
Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain Faculty of Psychology and TMAP, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
Esther Setién-Suero
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, IDIVAL, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
Affiliation:
Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Sevilla, IBiS, Sevilla, Spain
*
Author for correspondence: Rosa Ayesa-Arriola, Email: rayesa@humv.es
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Abstract

Background

Lower levels of education have been associated with the development of psychosis. Investigating educational achievement in the first episode of psychosis (FEP) patients may shed light on the origins of the alterations and on the variability of outcomes in psychotic disorders.

Methods

Education achievement was explored in a large sample (n = 659) of FEP patients enrolled in programa de atención a fases iniciales de psicosis (PAFIP), a research and assistance program conducted in Spain. Patients were stratified according to the Spanish educational system according to their attendance in primary (low), secondary (medium) or university studies (high). The three groups were compared on available premorbid, clinical and neuropsychological variables. A subgroup of patients (n = 209), comprising the 10-year follow-up PAFIP cohort, were again compared.

Results

Overall, 49% and 37% of FEP patients had low and medium levels of education, respectively. In total, 13% of the patients with a higher level of education were more frequently women (64%) and older at illness onset (36 years old), reported better premorbid adjustment, presented less severe positive symptoms and better functioning; and showed higher premorbid intelligence quotient and better performance on all the explored cognitive domains. Ten years later the FEP patients in the medium- and high-education groups had good global functioning and a neurocognitive performance within the normal limits.

Conclusions

Higher education is associated with better initial conditions and more favourable outcomes after an FEP. Sharing this information with the world's educational systems is essential to targeting resources and designing innovative programs or strategies to compensate for student difficulties.

Keywords

Educationfirst-episode psychosislong-term outcomesneurocognition
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 53 , Issue 1 , January 2023 , pp. 66 - 77
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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