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Does providing personalized depression risk information lead to increased psychological distress and functional impairment? Results from a mixed-methods randomized controlled trial

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 November 2020

JianLi Wang Open the ORCID record for JianLi Wang [Opens in a new window] ,
Heidi Eccles ,
Molly Nannarone ,
Norbert Schmitz ,
Scott Patten  and
Bonnie Lashewicz
JianLi Wang*
Affiliation:
Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada Shandong Key Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
Heidi Eccles
Affiliation:
Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
Molly Nannarone
Affiliation:
Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
Norbert Schmitz
Affiliation:
Douglas Mental Health Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Scott Patten
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
Bonnie Lashewicz
Affiliation:
Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
*
Author for correspondence: JianLi Wang, E-mail: jianli.wang@theroyal.ca
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Abstract

Background

Multivariable risk algorithms (MVRP) predicting the personal risk of depression will form an important component of personalized preventive interventions. However, it is unknown whether providing personalized depression risk will lead to unintended psychological harms. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impact of providing personalized depression risk on non-specific psychological distress and functional impairment over 12 months.

Methods

A mixed-methods randomized controlled trial was conducted in 358 males and 354 females who were at high risk of having a major depressive episode according to sex-specific MVRPs, and who were randomly recruited across Canada. Participants were assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months.

Results

Over 93% of participants were interested in knowing their depression risk. The intervention group had a greater reduction in K10 score over 12 months than the control group; complete-case analysis found a significant between-group difference in mean K10 change score (d = 1.17, 95% CI 0.12–2.23) at 12 months. Participants in the intervention group also reported significantly less functional impairment in the domains of home and work/school activities, than did those in the control group. A majority of the qualitative interviewees commented that personalized depression risk information does not have a negative impact on physical and mental health.

Conclusions

This study found no evidence that providing personalized depression risk information will lead to worsening psychological distress, functional impairment, and absenteeism. Provision of personalized depression risk information may have positive impacts on non-specific psychological distress and functioning.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02943876

Keywords

Major depressionpersonalized depression risk informationpsychological distresspsychological harmsrisk communication
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 52 , Issue 11 , August 2022 , pp. 2071 - 2079
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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