Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T15:04:57.618Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Short-term effects of escitalopram on regional brain function in first-episode drug-naive patients with major depressive disorder assessed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2013

L. Wang ,
K. Li ,
Q. Zhang ,
Y. Zeng ,
W. Dai ,
Y. Su ,
G. Wang ,
Y. Tan ,
Z. Jin  and
X. Yu
...Show all authors
L. Wang
Affiliation:
Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China The Key Laboratory for Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
K. Li
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, 306 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
Q. Zhang
Affiliation:
Mood Disorders Center, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Y. Zeng
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, 306 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
W. Dai
Affiliation:
Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China The Key Laboratory for Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
Y. Su
Affiliation:
Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China The Key Laboratory for Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
G. Wang
Affiliation:
Mood Disorders Center, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Y. Tan
Affiliation:
Center for Psychiatric Research, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
Z. Jin
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, 306 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
X. Yu
Affiliation:
Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China The Key Laboratory for Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
T. Si*
Affiliation:
Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China The Key Laboratory for Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
*
*Address for correspondence: Dr T. Si, Clinical Psychopharmacology Division, Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Hai Dian District, China. (Email: si.tian-mei@163.com)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background

Most knowledge regarding the effects of antidepressant drugs is at the receptor level, distal from the nervous system effects that mediate their clinical efficacy. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), this study investigated the effects of escitalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), on resting-state brain function in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Method

Fourteen first-episode drug-naive MDD patients completed two fMRI scans before and after 8 weeks of escitalopram therapy. Scans were also acquired in 14 matched healthy subjects. Data were analyzed using the regional homogeneity (ReHo) approach.

Results

Compared to controls, MDD patients before treatment demonstrated decreased ReHo in the frontal (right superior frontal gyrus), temporal (left middle and right inferior temporal gyri), parietal (right precuneus) and occipital (left superior occipital gyrus and right cuneus) cortices, and increased ReHo in the left dorsal medial prefrontal gyrus and left anterior lobe of the cerebellum. Compared to the unmedicated state, ReHo in the patients after treatment was decreased in the left dorsal medial prefrontal gyrus, the right insula and the bilateral thalamus, and increased in the right superior frontal gyrus. Compared to controls, patients after treatment displayed a ReHo decrease in the right precuneus and a ReHo increase in the left anterior lobe of the cerebellum.

Conclusions

Successful treatment with escitalopram may be associated with modulation of resting-state brain activity in regions within the fronto-limbic circuit. This study provides new insight into the effects of antidepressants on functional brain systems in MDD.

Keywords

AntidepressantsfMRImajor depressive disorderregional homogeneityresting state
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 44 , Issue 7 , May 2014 , pp. 1417 - 1426
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anand, A, Li, Y, Wang, Y, Wu, J, Gao, S, Bukhari, L, Mathews, VP, Kalnin, A, Lowe, MJ (2005). Activity and connectivity of brain mood regulating circuit in depression: a functional magnetic resonance study. Biological Psychiatry 57, 1079–1088.Google Scholar
APA (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edn. American Psychiatric Press: Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Bruhl, AB, Kaffenberger, T, Herwig, U (2010). Serotonergic and noradrenergic modulation of emotion processing by single dose antidepressants. Neuropsychopharmacology 35, 521–533.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chao-Gan, Y, Yu-Feng, Z (2010). DPARSF: a MATLAB toolbox for ‘pipeline’ data analysis of resting-state fMRI. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience 4, 13.Google Scholar
Cheng, W, Ji, X, Zhang, J, Feng, J (2012). Individual classification of ADHD patients by integrating multiscale neuroimaging markers and advanced pattern recognition techniques. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience 6, 58.Google Scholar
Disner, SG, Beevers, CG, Haigh, EA, Beck, AT (2011). Neural mechanisms of the cognitive model of depression. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 12, 467–477.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Drevets, WC (2000). Functional anatomical abnormalities in limbic and prefrontal cortical structures in major depression. Progress in Brain Research 126, 413–431.Google ScholarPubMed
Fales, CL, Barch, DM, Rundle, MM, Mintun, MA, Snyder, AZ, Cohen, JD, Mathews, J, Sheline, YI (2008). Altered emotional interference processing in affective and cognitive-control brain circuitry in major depression. Biological Psychiatry 63, 377–384.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fox, MD, Raichle, ME (2007). Spontaneous fluctuations in brain activity observed with functional magnetic resonance imaging. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 8, 700–711.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fu, CH, Steiner, H, Costafreda, SG (2013). Predictive neural biomarkers of clinical response in depression: a meta-analysis of functional and structural neuroimaging studies of pharmacological and psychological therapies. Neurobiology of Disease 52, 75–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fu, CH, Williams, SC, Cleare, AJ, Brammer, MJ, Walsh, ND, Kim, J, Andrew, CM, Pich, EM, Williams, PM, Reed, LJ, Mitterschiffthaler, MT, Suckling, J, Bullmore, ET (2004). Attenuation of the neural response to sad faces in major depression by antidepressant treatment: a prospective, event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Archives of General Psychiatry 61, 877–889.Google Scholar
Guo, WB, Liu, F, Xue, ZM, Xu, XJ, Wu, RR, Ma, CQ, Wooderson, SC, Tan, CL, Sun, XL, Chen, JD, Liu, ZN, Xiao, CQ, Chen, HF, Zhao, JP (2012). Alterations of the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in treatment-resistant and treatment-response depression: a resting-state fMRI study. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 37, 153–160.Google ScholarPubMed
Guo, WB, Liu, F, Xue, ZM, Yu, Y, Ma, CQ, Tan, CL, Sun, XL, Chen, JD, Liu, ZN, Xiao, CQ, Chen, HF, Zhao, JP (2011 a). Abnormal neural activities in first-episode, treatment-naive, short-illness-duration, and treatment-response patients with major depressive disorder: a resting-state fMRI study. Journal of Affective Disorders 135, 326–331.Google Scholar
Guo, WB, Sun, XL, Liu, L, Xu, Q, Wu, RR, Liu, ZN, Tan, CL, Chen, HF, Zhao, JP (2011 b). Disrupted regional homogeneity in treatment-resistant depression: a resting-state fMRI study. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 35, 1297–1302.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hamilton, M (1967). Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 6, 278–296.Google Scholar
Harmer, CJ, Mackay, CE, Reid, CB, Cowen, PJ, Goodwin, GM (2006). Antidepressant drug treatment modifies the neural processing of nonconscious threat cues. Biological Psychiatry 59, 816–820.Google Scholar
Hashioka, S (2011). Antidepressants and neuroinflammation: can antidepressants calm glial rage down? Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 11, 555–564.Google Scholar
He, Y, Wang, L, Zang, Y, Tian, L, Zhang, X, Li, K, Jiang, T (2007). Regional coherence changes in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease: a combined structural and resting-state functional MRI study. NeuroImage 35, 488–500.Google ScholarPubMed
Kalin, NH, Davidson, RJ, Irwin, W, Warner, G, Orendi, JL, Sutton, SK, Mock, BJ, Sorenson, JA, Lowe, M, Turski, PA (1997). Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of emotional processing in normal and depressed patients: effects of venlafaxine. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 58 (Suppl. 16), 32–39.Google Scholar
Kendall, MG, Gibbons, JD (1990). Rank Correlation Methods, 5th edn. Oxford University Press: New York.Google Scholar
Kennedy, SH, Evans, KR, Kruger, S, Mayberg, HS, Meyer, JH, McCann, S, Arifuzzman, AI, Houle, S, Vaccarino, FJ (2001). Changes in regional brain glucose metabolism measured with positron emission tomography after paroxetine treatment of major depression. American Journal of Psychiatry 158, 899–905.Google Scholar
Kimbrell, TA, Ketter, TA, George, MS, Little, JT, Benson, BE, Willis, MW, Herscovitch, P, Post, RM (2002). Regional cerebral glucose utilization in patients with a range of severities of unipolar depression. Biological Psychiatry 51, 237–252.Google ScholarPubMed
Kiviniemi, V (2008). Endogenous brain fluctuations and diagnostic imaging. Human Brain Mapping 29, 810–817.Google Scholar
Lanzenberger, R, Kranz, GS, Haeusler, D, Akimova, E, Savli, M, Hahn, A, Mitterhauser, M, Spindelegger, C, Philippe, C, Fink, M, Wadsak, W, Karanikas, G, Kasper, S (2012). Prediction of SSRI treatment response in major depression based on serotonin transporter interplay between median raphe nucleus and projection areas. NeuroImage 63, 874–881.Google Scholar
Lee, BH, Kim, YK (2010). The roles of BDNF in the pathophysiology of major depression and in antidepressant treatment. Psychiatry Investigation 7, 231–235.Google Scholar
Li, Z, Kadivar, A, Pluta, J, Dunlop, J, Wang, Z (2012). Test-retest stability analysis of resting brain activity revealed by blood oxygen level-dependent functional MRI. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 36, 344–354.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liu, F, Hu, M, Wang, S, Guo, W, Zhao, J, Li, J, Xun, G, Long, Z, Zhang, J, Wang, Y, Zeng, L, Gao, Q, Wooderson, SC, Chen, J, Chen, H (2012). Abnormal regional spontaneous neural activity in first-episode, treatment-naive patients with late-life depression: a resting-state fMRI study. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 39, 326–331.Google Scholar
Liu, Y, Liang, M, Zhou, Y, He, Y, Hao, Y, Song, M, Yu, C, Liu, H, Liu, Z, Jiang, T (2008). Disrupted small-world networks in schizophrenia. Brain 131, 945–961.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liu, Z, Xu, C, Xu, Y, Wang, Y, Zhao, B, Lv, Y, Cao, X, Zhang, K, Du, C (2010). Decreased regional homogeneity in insula and cerebellum: a resting-state fMRI study in patients with major depression and subjects at high risk for major depression. Psychiatry Research 182, 211–215.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Manev, H, Uz, T, Manev, R (2003). Glia as a putative target for antidepressant treatments. Journal of Affective Disorders 75, 59–64.Google Scholar
Mayberg, HS (1997). Limbic-cortical dysregulation: a proposed model of depression. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 9, 471–481.Google Scholar
Mayberg, HS (2003). Modulating dysfunctional limbic-cortical circuits in depression: towards development of brain-based algorithms for diagnosis and optimised treatment. British Medical Bulletin 65, 193–207.Google Scholar
Mayberg, HS, Brannan, SK, Tekell, JL, Silva, JA, Mahurin, RK, McGinnis, S, Jerabek, PA (2000). Regional metabolic effects of fluoxetine in major depression: serial changes and relationship to clinical response. Biological Psychiatry 48, 830–843.Google Scholar
Mayberg, HS, Liotti, M, Brannan, SK, McGinnis, S, Mahurin, RK, Jerabek, PA, Silva, JA, Tekell, JL, Martin, CC, Lancaster, JL, Fox, PT (1999). Reciprocal limbic-cortical function and negative mood: converging PET findings in depression and normal sadness. American Journal of Psychiatry 156, 675–682.Google Scholar
McCabe, C, Mishor, Z, Filippini, N, Cowen, PJ, Taylor, MJ, Harmer, CJ (2011). SSRI administration reduces resting state functional connectivity in dorso-medial prefrontal cortex. Molecular Psychiatry 16, 592–594.Google Scholar
Oldfield, RC (1971). The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia 9, 97–113.Google ScholarPubMed
Peng, DH, Shen, T, Zhang, J, Huang, J, Liu, J, Liu, SY, Jiang, KD, Xu, YF, Fang, YR (2012). Abnormal functional connectivity with mood regulating circuit in unmedicated individual with major depression: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance study. Chinese Medical Journal 125, 3701–3706.Google Scholar
Pringle, A, Browning, M, Cowen, PJ, Harmer, CJ (2011). A cognitive neuropsychological model of antidepressant drug action. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 35, 1586–1592.Google Scholar
Roiser, JP, Elliott, R, Sahakian, BJ (2012). Cognitive mechanisms of treatment in depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 37, 117–136.Google Scholar
Sato, JR, Hoexter, MQ, Fujita, A, Rohde, LA (2012). Evaluation of pattern recognition and feature extraction methods in ADHD prediction. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience 6, 68.Google Scholar
Seminowicz, DA, Mayberg, HS, McIntosh, AR, Goldapple, K, Kennedy, S, Segal, Z, Rafi-Tari, S (2004). Limbic-frontal circuitry in major depression: a path modeling metanalysis. NeuroImage 22, 409–418.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sheehan, DV, Lecrubier, Y, Sheehan, KH, Amorim, P, Janavs, J, Weiller, E, Hergueta, T, Baker, R, Dunbar, GC (1998). The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 59 (Suppl. 20), 22–33.Google Scholar
Shehzad, Z, Kelly, AM, Reiss, PT, Gee, DG, Gotimer, K, Uddin, LQ, Lee, SH, Margulies, DS, Roy, AK, Biswal, BB, Petkova, E, Castellanos, FX, Milham, MP (2009). The resting brain: unconstrained yet reliable. Cerebral Cortex 19, 2209–2229.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sheline, YI, Price, JL, Yan, Z, Mintun, MA (2010). Resting-state functional MRI in depression unmasks increased connectivity between networks via the dorsal nexus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 107, 11020–11025.Google Scholar
Song, XW, Dong, ZY, Long, XY, Li, SF, Zuo, XN, Zhu, CZ, He, Y, Yan, CG, Zang, YF (2011). REST: a toolkit for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data processing. PLoS One 6, e25031.Google Scholar
Takahashi, H, Yahata, N, Koeda, M, Takano, A, Asai, K, Suhara, T, Okubo, Y (2005). Effects of dopaminergic and serotonergic manipulation on emotional processing: a pharmacological fMRI study. NeuroImage 27, 991–1001.Google Scholar
Tao, H, Guo, S, Ge, T, Kendrick, KM, Xue, Z, Liu, Z, Feng, J (2013). Depression uncouples brain hate circuit. Molecular Psychiatry 18, 101–111.Google Scholar
Tomasi, D, Volkow, ND (2012). Abnormal functional connectivity in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biological Psychiatry 71, 443–450.Google Scholar
Wu, QZ, Li, DM, Kuang, WH, Zhang, TJ, Lui, S, Huang, XQ, Chan, RC, Kemp, GJ, Gong, QY (2011). Abnormal regional spontaneous neural activity in treatment-refractory depression revealed by resting-state fMRI. Human Brain Mapping 32, 1290–1299.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yao, Z, Wang, L, Lu, Q, Liu, H, Teng, G (2009). Regional homogeneity in depression and its relationship with separate depressive symptom clusters: a resting-state fMRI study. Journal of Affective Disorders 115, 430–438.Google Scholar
Yu, R, Hsieh, MH, Wang, HL, Liu, CM, Liu, CC, Hwang, TJ, Chien, YL, Hwu, HG, Tseng, WY (2013). Frequency dependent alterations in regional homogeneity of baseline brain activity in schizophrenia. PLoS One 8, e57516.Google Scholar
Zang, Y, Jiang, T, Lu, Y, He, Y, Tian, L (2004). Regional homogeneity approach to fMRI data analysis. NeuroImage 22, 394–400.Google Scholar
Zhao, X, Liu, Y, Wang, X, Liu, B, Xi, Q, Guo, Q, Jiang, H, Jiang, T, Wang, P (2012). Disrupted small-world brain networks in moderate Alzheimer's disease: a resting-state FMRI study. PLoS One 7, e33540.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Wang Supplementary Material

Table

Download Wang Supplementary Material(File)
File 42 KB