In this paper the author adduced, from contemporary chroniclers and diarists, all the visits of the Pest or Plague which occurred in Scotland after 1560; namely, in the years 1568, 1574, 1585, 1587, 1597, 1607, 1622, and 1645. He cited, from the same sources of information, the notable instances of scarcity and famine; namely, 1563, 1568, 1574, 1578, 1587, 1596, 1598, 1612, 1622, 1642–3. It thus appeared, that while there were several instances of famine not followed by the Pest, there was scarcely one instance of the Pest which was not immediately preceded by a famine. So far the opinion of modern medical writers, that deficient nutrition in the community is one of the predisposing causes of pestilential fevers, may be considered as borne out by facts.