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Weekly Checks Improve Real-Time Prehospital ECG Transmission in Suspected STEMI

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 April 2018

Nicole T. D’Arcy ,
Nichole Bosson ,
Amy H. Kaji ,
Quang T. Bui ,
William J. French ,
Joseph L. Thomas ,
Yvonne Elizarraraz ,
Natalia Gonzalez ,
Jose Garcia  and
James T. Niemann
Nicole T. D’Arcy*
Affiliation:
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Institute, Torrance, California USA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CaliforniaUSA University of California San Francisco Department of Emergency Medicine, San Francisco, CaliforniaUSA
Nichole Bosson
Affiliation:
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Institute, Torrance, California USA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CaliforniaUSA The Los Angeles County Emergency Medical Services Agency, Los Angeles, CaliforniaUSA
Amy H. Kaji
Affiliation:
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Institute, Torrance, California USA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CaliforniaUSA
Quang T. Bui
Affiliation:
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Institute, Torrance, California USA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CaliforniaUSA
William J. French
Affiliation:
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Institute, Torrance, California USA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CaliforniaUSA
Joseph L. Thomas
Affiliation:
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Institute, Torrance, California USA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CaliforniaUSA
Yvonne Elizarraraz
Affiliation:
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Institute, Torrance, California USA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CaliforniaUSA
Natalia Gonzalez
Affiliation:
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Institute, Torrance, California USA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CaliforniaUSA
Jose Garcia
Affiliation:
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Institute, Torrance, California USA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CaliforniaUSA
James T. Niemann
Affiliation:
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Institute, Torrance, California USA; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CaliforniaUSA
*
Correspondence: Nicole T. D’Arcy, MD UCSF-SFGH EMS & Disaster Medicine Fellow UCSF Department of Emergency Medicine 1001 Potrero Avenue, Room 1E22A San Francisco, California 94110 USA E-mail: nicoloid@gmail.com
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Abstract

Introduction

Field identification of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and advanced hospital notification decreases first-medical-contact-to-balloon (FMC2B) time. A recent study in this system found that electrocardiogram (ECG) transmission following a STEMI alert was frequently unsuccessful.

Hypothesis

Instituting weekly test ECG transmissions from paramedic units to the hospital would increase successful transmission of ECGs and decrease FMC2B and door-to-balloon (D2B) times.

Methods

This was a natural experiment of consecutive patients with field-identified STEMI transported to a single percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)-capable hospital in a regional STEMI system before and after implementation of scheduled test ECG transmissions. In November 2014, paramedic units began weekly test transmissions. The mobile intensive care nurse (MICN) confirmed the transmission, or if not received, contacted the paramedic unit and the department’s nurse educator to identify and resolve the problem. Per system-wide protocol, paramedics transmit all ECGs with interpretation of STEMI. Receiving hospitals submit patient data to a single registry as part of ongoing system quality improvement. The frequency of successful ECG transmission and time to intervention (FMC2B and D2B times) in the 18 months following implementation was compared to the 10 months prior. Post-implementation, the time the ECG transmission was received was also collected to determine the transmission gap time (time from ECG acquisition to ECG transmission received) and the advanced notification time (time from ECG transmission received to patient arrival).

Results

There were 388 patients with field ECG interpretations of STEMI, 131 pre-intervention and 257 post-intervention. The frequency of successful transmission post-intervention was 73% compared to 64% prior; risk difference (RD)=9%; 95% CI, 1-18%. In the post-intervention period, the median FMC2B time was 79 minutes (inter-quartile range [IQR]=68-102) versus 86 minutes (IQR=71-108) pre-intervention (P=.3) and the median D2B time was 59 minutes (IQR=44-74) versus 60 minutes (IQR=53-88) pre-intervention (P=.2). The median transmission gap was three minutes (IQR=1-8) and median advanced notification time was 16 minutes (IQR=10-25).

Conclusion

Implementation of weekly test ECG transmissions was associated with improvement in successful real-time transmissions from field to hospital, which provided a median advanced notification time of 16 minutes, but no decrease in FMC2B or D2B times.

D’ArcyNT, BossonN, KajiAH, BuiQT, FrenchWJ, ThomasJL, ElizarrarazY, GonzalezN, GarciaJ, NiemannJT. Weekly Checks Improve Real-Time Prehospital ECG Transmission in Suspected STEMI. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(3):245–249.

Keywords

ECG transmissionelectrocardiographyEmergency Medical ServicesSTEMI
Type
Original Research
Information
Prehospital and Disaster Medicine , Volume 33 , Issue 3 , June 2018 , pp. 245 - 249
Copyright
© World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine 2018 

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Footnotes

Conflicts of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to report. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

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