Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T00:20:41.812Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Physician Integration into Mass Gathering Medical Care: The United States Air Show

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 June 2012

Michael F. Boyle*
Affiliation:
Instructor, Wright State University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Dayton, Ohio
Robert A. De Lorenzo
Affiliation:
Junior Resident Instructor, Wright State University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Dayton, Ohio
Richard Garrison
Affiliation:
Clinical Assistant Professor, Wright State University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Dayton, Ohio
*
1120 Turnley Lane, Midlothian, VA 23113USA

Abstract

Introduction:

Limited information exists concerning physician staffing at mass gathering events.

Methods:

A retrospective review of the preparation, planning, and provision of medical care for the United States Air Show was performed. Patient encounters from the air show for the years 1981–1991 also were evaluated.

Results:

The frequency rate of overall encounters was 8.45 patients/10,000 spectators and hospital transport rate was 0.6/10,000 spectators. The majority of complaints were related to heat or minor injuries. During this period, emergency physicians played a vital role in both medical planning and on-site staffing. Emergency medicine residents also participated. A small patient population received direct benefit from on-site physician intervention.

Conclusion:

The on-site emergency physician is of benefit in event preplanning and reducing the burden on the EMS system during mass gathering events.

Type
Brief Report
Copyright
Copyright © World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

Presented at the Seventh Annual Scientific Assembly National Association of EMS Physicians, 12–16 June, 1991, Orlando, Florida

References

1. Whipkey, RR, Paris, PM, Stewart, RD: Emergency care for mass gatherings. Postgrad Med 1984;76:44–47, 50–51, 54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2. Spaite, DW, Crìss, EA, Valenzuela, TD, et al. : A new model for prehospital medical care in large stadiums. Ann Emerg Med 1988;17:825828.Google Scholar
3. Weaver, WD, Sutherland, K, Wirkus, MJ, et al. : Emergency medical care requirements for large public assemblies and a new strategy for managing cardiac arrest in this setting. Ann Emerg Med 1989;18:155160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Sanders, AB, Criss, E, Stockl, P, et al. : An analysis of medical care at mass gatherings. Ann Emerg Med 1986;15:515519.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5. Hnatow, DA, Gordon, DJ: Medical planning for mass gatherings: A retrospective review of the San Antonio Papal Mass. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1991;6:443450.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Franaszek, J: Medical care at mass gatherings. Ann Emerg Med 1986;15:600601. Editorial.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7. Brunko, F: Emergency physicians and special events. Am J Emerg Med 1989;7:405406. Editorial.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8. Baker, WM, Simone, BM, Niemann, JT, et al. : Special event medical care: The 1984 Los Angeles Summer Olympics experience. Ann Emerg Med 1986;15:185190.Google Scholar
9. Burns, RS, Lerner, SE, Sexton, PA: Emergency medicine at Diamond Head Crater Festival. Hawaii Med J 1974;33:331335.Google ScholarPubMed
10. De Lorenzo, RA, Gray, BC, Bennett, PC, et al. : Effect of crowd size on patient volume at a large, multipurpose, indoor stadium. J Emerg Med 1989;7:379384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Vacalis, TD, Blewett, J: An advanced emergency medical care system at the University of Texas football stadium. J Am Coll Health Assoc 1981;30:145147.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12. McSwain, NE Jr, Rodriguez, C: Disaster medical care: Mardi Gras. J Trauma 1982;22:235237.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13. Ounanian, LL, Salinas, C, Shear, CL, et al. : Medical care at the 1982 U.S. Festival. Ann Emerg Med 1986;15:520527.Google Scholar
14. Pons, PT, Holland, B, Alfrey, E, et al. : An advanced emergency medical care system at National Football League games. Ann Emerg Med 1980;9:203206.Google Scholar
15. Jaggarao, NSV, Sless, H, Grainger, R, et al. : Defibrillation at a football stadium: An experiment with Brighton and Hove Albion. Br Med J 1982;284:14511453.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Auerbach, PS, Gelb, AM, Turns, JE: Emergency medical services at the 1984 Democratic National Convention. Ann Emerg Med 1985;14:709710. Letter.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17. Chapman, KR, Carmichael, FJ, Goode, JE: Medical services for outdoor rock music festivals. Can Med Assoc J 1982;126:935938.Google ScholarPubMed
18. Leonard, RB, Petrilli, R, Noji, EK, et al. : Provision of emergency medical care for crowds. American College of Emergency Physicians, Dallas, Tex., 1990, pp 125.Google Scholar
19. Thompson, JM, Savoia, G, Powell, G, et al. : Level of medical care required for mass gatherings: The XV Winter Olympics Games in Calgary, Canada. Ann Emerg Med 1991;20:385390.Google Scholar
20. Sanders, AB, Criss, E: Planning medical care for large-scale events. Emerg Med Serv 1987;16:33, 48.Google Scholar
21. Krentz, MJ, Wainscott, MP: Medical Accountability. Emerg Med Clinics N Amer 1990;8:1732.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22. Frew, SA: Emergency medical services legal issues for the emergency physician. Emerg Med Clinics N Amer 1990;8:4155.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23. Holroyd, BR, Knopp, R, Kallsen, G: Medical control. JAMA 1986;256:10271031.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24. Goldberg, RJ, Zautcke, JL, Koenigsberg, MD, et al. : A review of prehospital care litigation in a large metropolitan EMS system. Ann Emerg Med 1990;19:557561.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25. Soler, JM, Montes, MF, Egol, AB, et al. : The ten-year malpractice experience of a large urban EMS system. Ann Emerg Med 1985;14:982985.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26. Editorial Staff: Nontransport lawsuits. Jems 1983;8:107109.Google Scholar
27. Zehner, WJ Jr., Davidson, SJ, Kelly, JJ, et al. : Nontransport of prehospital patients: Is stronger medical control needed? Ann Emerg Med 1991;20:446. Abstract.Google Scholar
28. Bryan, ED, Zachariah, BS, Griffin, MP: Outcome of patients not transported by ambulance. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1991;6:381. Abstract.Google Scholar
29. Thomas, DR, Amos, WL: Medical services provided at the 1982 Southern Open golf tournament. Am J Sports Med 1984:12:155158.Google Scholar
30. Eadie, JL: 1980 Winter Olympics Lake Placid, New York. J Environ Health 1981;43:178187.Google ScholarPubMed
31. Kuehl, A (Ed): EMS Medical Directors' Handbook. St. Louis: CV Mosby, Co., pp 261266.Google Scholar
32. Streat, S, McCallum, JA, Boswell, R, et al. : Medical services at a music festival. NZ Med J 1975;82:7680.Google Scholar
33. Farrow, RJ: “Pop” music festivals. Practitioner 1972;208:380386.Google ScholarPubMed
34. Martin, TE: The Ramstein Airshow disaster. J Royal Army Med Corps 1990;136:1926.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
35. Ellis, DG, Verdile, VP, Paris, PM, et al. : Medical coverage of a marathon: Establishing guidelines for deployment of health care resources. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1991;6:435441.Google Scholar
36. Vukmir, RB, Paris, PM: The Three Rivers Regatta accident: An EMS perspective. Am J Emerg Med 1991;9:6471.Google Scholar
37. Milne, D: EMS at the Indy 500. Emergency 1983;15:2831.Google Scholar
38. Sara, AF, Cooper, DM, Selig, M: Air shows and disaster planning: The Australian experience. Med J Australia 1989;150:116118.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
39. Edwards, M: Airshow disaster plans. Aviat Space Environ Med 1991;62:11921195.Google ScholarPubMed
40. Seletz, JM: Flugtag—88 (Ramstein Air Show disaster): An Army response to a MASCAL. Milit Med 1990;155:152155.Google Scholar
41. Orr, SM, Robinson, WA: The Hyatt-Regency skywalk: An EMS-based disaster response. Ann Emerg Med 1983;12:601605.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
42. Waeckerle, JF: Disaster planning and response. N Engl J Med 1991;324:815821.Google Scholar
43. Champion, MR, Sacco, WJ, Gainer, PS, et al. : The effect of medical direction on trauma triage. J Trauma 1988;28:235239.Google Scholar
44. Barbash, GI, Yoeli, N, Ruskin, SM, et al. : Airport preparedness for mass disaster: A proposed schematic plan. Aviat Space Environ Med 1986;57:7781.Google Scholar
45. Dove, DB, Del Guercio, LRLM, Stahl, WM, et al. : A metropolitan airport disaster plan: Coordination of a multihospital response to provide on-site resuscitation and stabilization before evacuation. J Trauma 1982;22:550559.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
46. Dudani, N: Experiences in medical coverage of airport disasters at Logan International Airport in Boston. Aviat Space Environ Med 1983;54:612618.Google ScholarPubMed
47. Kerns, DE, Anderson, PB: EMS response to a major aircraft incident: Sioux City, Iowa. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1990;5:159166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
48. Owinn, AA, Dinerman, N, Pons, PT, Marlin, R: Prehospital care at a major international airport. Ann Emerg Med 1988;17:10421048.Google Scholar