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X-ray diffraction as a major tool for the analysis of PM2.5 and PM10 aerosols

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2020

Nasser M. Hamdan Open the ORCID record for Nasser M. Hamdan [Opens in a new window]  and
Hussain Alawadhi
Nasser M. Hamdan*
Affiliation:
Physics Department, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Hussain Alawadhi
Affiliation:
Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
*
a)Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Electronic mail: nhamdan@aus.edu
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Abstract

Particulate matter (PM) specimens from a traffic site were sampled on Teflon filters using a low volume sampler. The sampling campaign ran over a one-year period with sampling frequency of twice a week for both PM2.5 and PM10. X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods, which are not commonly used in PM analysis, have been utilized successfully to identify crystalline phases present, including secondary pollutants. XRD data confirmed results obtained by X-ray fluorescence, positive matrix factorization modeling, and scanning electron microscopy. PM2.5 consisted mainly of secondary sulfates, like Mascagnite [(NH4)2SO4], Koktaite [(NH4)2Ca(SO4)2·H2O], and Gypsum [CaSO4·2H2O]. For PM10, it was found that the major phases are mostly originating from natural sources, such as dust storms and sea salts, in addition to secondary compounds, such as sodium nitrate. The main phases identified were Calcite, Quartz, Gypsum, Halite, and Palygorskite.

Keywords

particulate matter (PM) specimenspositive matrix factorization (PMF)
Type
Proceedings Paper
Information
Powder Diffraction , Volume 35 , Issue 2 , June 2020 , pp. 98 - 103
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Centre for Diffraction Data

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