Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T21:32:09.816Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Plant genomics in view of plant genetic resources – an introduction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 July 2014

Ronald L. Phillips
Ronald L. Phillips*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
*
* Corresponding author. E-mail: phill005@umn.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Genetic resources form the basis of the new era of global food security. The food crises in many developing countries, reflected by food riots correlated with food prices, have been termed the Silent Tsunami. Plant genetic resources are clearly essential to food security for the future. Fortunately, genetic resources are generally considered a public good and shared internationally. Wild relatives of crop species and their derivatives represent the reservoir of genetic diversity that will help to meet the food demands of nine billion people by 2050. New technologies from genomics bolster conventional plant breeding for enhancing traits to meet these food demands. Genetic diversity is the lifeblood of traditional and modern plant breeding. The dramatic increase in the number of biotech crops reveals the value of new genetic resources. Genetic resources will provide a gateway to a new era of global food security. Although 7.4 million plant accessions are stored in 1750 germplasm banks around the world, only a small portion of the accessions has been used so far to produce commercial varieties. Our challenge is to find better ways to make more efficient use of gene bank materials for meeting food demands in the future.

Keywords

Genomicsvariationfood securitygene bankswide hybridizationsequencingmutations
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 12 , Issue S1: Special issue on the 3rd International Symposium on “Genomics of Plant Genetic Resources” , July 2014 , pp. S6 - S8
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Cook, DE, Lee, TG, Guo, X, Melito, S, Wang, K, Bayless, AM, Wang, J, Hughes, TJ, Willis, DK, Clemente, TE, Diers, BW, Jiang, J, Hudson, ME and Bent, AF (2012) Copy number variation of multiple genes at Rhg1 mediates nematode resistance in soybean. Science 338: 1206–1209.Google Scholar
Devos, KM and Gale, MD (2000) Genome relationships: the grass model in current research. The Plant Cell 12: 637–646.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gaur, R, Azam, S, Jeena, G, Khan, AW, Choudhary, S, Jain, M, Yadav, G, Tyagi, AK, Chattopadhyay, D and Bhatia, S (2012) High-throughput SNP discovery and genotyping for constructing a saturated linkage map of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). DNA Research 19: 357–373.Google Scholar
Hansey, CN, Vaillancourt, B, Sekhon, RS, de Leon, N, Kaeppler, SM and Buell, CR (2012) Maize (Zea mays L.) genome diversity as revealed by RNA sequencing. PLoS One 7: e33071.Google Scholar
Huang, X, Kurata, N, Wei, X, Wang, ZX, Wang, A, Zhao, Q, Zhao, Y, Liu, K, Lu, H, Li, W, Guo, Y, Lu, Y, Zhou, C, Fan, D, Weng, Q, Zhu, C, Huang, T, Zhang, L, Wang, Y, Feng, L, Furuumi, H, Kubo, T, Miyabayashi, T, Yuan, X, Xu, Q, Dong, G, Zhan, Q, Li, C, Fujiyama, A, Toyoda, A, Lu, T, Feng, Q, Qian, Q, Li, J and Han, B (2012) A map of rice genome variation reveals the origin of cultivated rice. Nature 490: 497–501.Google Scholar
James, C (2011) Global Status of Commercialized Biotech/GM Crops. 2011 ISAAA Brief No. 43. Ithaca, NY: ISAAA.Google Scholar
Kowles, RV, Walch, MD, Minnerath, JM, Bernacchi, CJ, Stec, AO, Rines, HW and Phillips, RL (2008) Expression of C4 photosynthetic enzymes in oat–maize chromosome addition lines. Maydica 53: 69–78.Google Scholar
McCouch, SR, McNally, KL, Wang, W and Sackville Hamilton, R (2012) Genomics of gene banks: a case study in rice. American Journal of Botany 99: 407–423.Google Scholar
McNally, KL, Childs, KL, Bohnert, R, Davidson, RM, Zhao, K, Ulat, VJ, Zeller, G, Clark, RM, Hoen, DR, Bureau, TE, Stokowski, R, Ballinger, DG, Frazer, KA, Cox, DR, Padhukasahasram, B, Bustamante, CD, Weigel, D, Mackill, DJ, Bruskiewich, RM, Rätsch, G, Buell, CR, Leung, H and Leach, JE (2009) Genome wide SNP variation reveals relationships among landraces and modern varieties of rice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106: 12273–12278.Google Scholar
Michael, TC and Jackson, S (2013) The first 50 plant genomes. The Plant Genome 6: No. 2, 7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neeraja, CN, Maghirang-Rodriguez, R, Pamplona, A, Heuer, S, Collard, BC, Septiningsih, EM, Vergara, G, Sanchez, D, Xu, K, Ismail, AM and Mackill, DJ (2007) A marker-assisted backcross approach for developing submergence-tolerant rice cultivars. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 115: 767–776.Google Scholar
Panopio, JA and Mercado, SM (2011) Bt crops: better and safer crops towards food security and sustainable agriculture. Biotechnology Information Resource No. 2 , p. 1.Google Scholar
Pennisi, E (2013) The CRISPR craze. Science 341: 833–836.Google Scholar
Phillips, RL (2009) Mobilizing science to break yield barriers. Crop Science 50: S99–S108.Google Scholar
Phillips, RL and Rines, HW (2009) Genetic analysis with oat–maize addition and radiation hybrid lines. In: Bennetzen, JL and Hake, SC (eds) Handbook of Maize, vol. 2. New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Potrykus, I (2001) Golden rice and beyond. Plant Physiology 125: 1157–1161.Google Scholar
Rasmusson, DC and Phillips, RL (1997) Plant breeding progress and genetic diversity from de novo variation and elevated epistasis. Crop Science 37: 303–310.Google Scholar
Tolley, BJ, Sage, TC, Langsdale, JA and Hibberd, JM (2012) Individual maize chromosomes in the C3 oat plant can increase bundle sheath cell size and vein density. Plant Physiology 159: 1418–1427.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Varshney, RK, Song, C, Saxena, RK, Azam, S, Yu, S, Sharpe, AG, Cannon, S, Baek, J, Rosen, BD, Tar'an, B, Millan, T, Zhang, X, Ramsay, LD, Iwata, A, Wang, Y, Nelson, W, Farmer, AD, Gaur, PM, Soderlund, C, Penmetsa, RV, Xu, C, Bharti, AK, He, W, Winter, P, Zhao, S, Hane, JK, Carrasquilla-Garcia, N, Condie, JA, Upadhyaya, HD, Luo, MC, Thudi, M, Gowda, CL, Singh, NP, Lichtenzveig, J, Gali, KK, Rubio, J, Nadarajan, N, Dolezel, J, Bansal, KC, Xu, X, Edwards, D, Zhang, G, Kahl, G, Gil, J, Singh, KB, Datta, SK, Jackson, SA, Wang, J and Cook, DR (2013) Draft genome sequence of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) provides a resource for trait improvement. Nature Biotechnology 31: 240–246.Google Scholar
Vietmeyer, N (2008) Borlaug: Right off the Farm, 1914–1944, vol. 1. Lorton, VA: Bracing Books.Google Scholar
Vietmeyer, N (2009) Borlaug: Wheat Whisperer, 1944–1959, vol. 2. Lorton, VA: Bracing Books.Google Scholar
Vietmeyer, N (2010) Borlaug: Bread Winner, vol. 3. Lorton, VA: Bracing Books.Google Scholar
Vietmeyer, N (2011) Our Daily Bread: The Essential Norman Borlaug. Lorton, VA: Bracing Books.Google Scholar
Watson, JD and Crick, FHC (1953) A structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid. Nature 171: 737–738.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed