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Antiparasitic efficacy of Gracillin and Zingibernsis newsaponin from Costus speciosus (Koen ex. Retz) Sm. against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 August 2014

WEI ZHENG ,
CHUN-MEI YAN ,
YA-BIN ZHANG ,
ZE-HONG LI ,
ZHONGQIANG LI ,
XIU-YING LI ,
ZHANG-WEI WANG ,
XIULAN WANG ,
WEI-QIANG CHEN  and
XIN-HAI YU
WEI ZHENG*
Affiliation:
Jilin Province Fisheries Research Institute, 1195 Kunshan Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
CHUN-MEI YAN
Affiliation:
Jilin Province Fisheries Research Institute, 1195 Kunshan Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
YA-BIN ZHANG
Affiliation:
Jilin Province Fisheries Research Institute, 1195 Kunshan Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
ZE-HONG LI
Affiliation:
Jilin Agriculture University, 2888 Xincheng Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
ZHONGQIANG LI
Affiliation:
Jilin Province Fisheries Research Institute, 1195 Kunshan Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
XIU-YING LI
Affiliation:
Jilin Province Fisheries Research Institute, 1195 Kunshan Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
ZHANG-WEI WANG
Affiliation:
Jilin Province Fisheries Research Institute, 1195 Kunshan Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
XIULAN WANG
Affiliation:
Jilin Province Fisheries Research Institute, 1195 Kunshan Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
WEI-QIANG CHEN
Affiliation:
Jilin Province Fisheries Research Institute, 1195 Kunshan Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
XIN-HAI YU
Affiliation:
Jilin Agriculture University, 2888 Xincheng Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
*
*Corresponding author: Jilin Province Fisheries Research Institute, 1195 Kunshan Road, Changchun, Jilin, China. E-mail: yaojiamm131@163.com
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Summary

The present study aims to evaluate the antiparasitic activity of active components from Costus speciosus against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Bioassay-guided fractionation was employed to identify active compounds from C. speciosus yielding 2 bioactive compounds: Gracillin and Zingibernsis newsaponin. In-vitro assays revealed that Gracillin and Zingibernsis newsaponin could be 100% effective against I. multifiliis at concentrations of 0·8 and 4·5 mg L−1, with median effective concentration (EC50) values of 0·53 and 3·2 mg L−1, respectively. All protomonts and encysted tomonts were killed when the concentrations of Gracillin and Zingibernsis newsaponin were 1·0 and 5·0 mg L−1. In-vivo experiments demonstrated that fish treated with Gracillin and Zingibernsis newsaponin at concentrations of 1·0 and 5·0 mg L−1 carried significantly fewer parasites than the control (P<0·05). Mortality of fish did not occur in the treatment group (Zingibernsis newsaponin at 5·0 mg L−1) during the trial, although 100% of untreated fish died. Acute toxicities (LD50) of Gracillin and Zingibernsis newsaponin for grass carp were 1·64 and 20·7 mg L−1, respectively. These results provided evidence that the 2 compounds can be selected as lead compounds for the development of new drugs against I. multifiliis.

Keywords

Ichthyophthirius multifiliisGracillinZingibernsis newsaponinantiparasitic
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 142 , Issue 3 , March 2015 , pp. 473 - 479
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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