Species of Gondwanamyces are unusual amongst the ophiostomatoid fungi in that they are associated with the infructescences of Protea in South Africa. These fungi are distinguished from other ophiostomatoid genera by their Knoxdavesia anamorphs. Knoxdavesia spp. are peripherally similar, but distinct from Stachybotrys and Phialocephala. They are, however, morphologically identical to Custingophora. Custingophora olivaceae, was isolated from compost in Germany, a niche very different from that associated with fungi from Protea spp. The similarity of Custingophora and Knoxdavesia is such that they cannot be distinguished morphologically. The notion that Gondwanamyces might represent a teleomorph for Custingophora is intriguing. To determine whether an anamorph–teleomorph connection exists between Knoxdavesia and Custingophora, we determined the sequence of approximately 1100 nucleotides from the large subunit (LSU) ribosomal RNA gene. Results suggest that species of Gondwanamyces and C. olivaceae are phylogenetically related. This, as well as their morphological similarity suggests that Gondwanamyces and C. olivaceae have a shared ancestry. They are, however, sufficiently different that Gondwanamyces is probably not a teleomorph for Custingophora olivaceae.