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Nanostructured Metal Oxide and Composite Electrodes for Use in Ultracapacitors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2011

Michael T. Brumbach
Affiliation:
Electronic and Nanostructured Materials, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, U.S.A.
Todd M. Alam
Affiliation:
Electronic and Nanostructured Materials, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, U.S.A.
Paul G. Kotula
Affiliation:
Materials Characterization, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, U.S.A.
Bonnie B. McKenzie
Affiliation:
Materials Characterization, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, U.S.A.
Bruce C. Bunker
Affiliation:
Electronic and Nanostructured Materials, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, U.S.A.
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Abstract

Maximizing power and energy densities of ultracapacitors requires configuring redox-active materials in specific architectures that: 1) maximize electrolyte-electrode contact area, 2) minimize transport distances for both electrons and charge compensating species, and 3) minimize transport barriers. We have developed a simple solution-based method, using an organic template, that enables us to introduce hierarchical porosity in ruthenium oxide down to the nano-scale by controlling the oxidative crystal growth of RuO2. The high capacitances of the resulting nanostructured electrodes were found to be comparable to hydrous ruthenium oxide formed under dramatically different conditions. Materials characterization reveals that the organic template directs structure formation and promotes hydroxyl retention.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

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References

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