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Modifying Nafion with Nanostructured Inorganic Oxides for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2011

Yusuke Daiko ,
Lisa C. Klein  and
Masayuki Nogami
Yusuke Daiko
Affiliation:
Ceramic and Materials Engineering Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 607 Taylor Rd., Piscataway, NJ 08854-8065, USA Materials Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
Lisa C. Klein
Affiliation:
Ceramic and Materials Engineering Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 607 Taylor Rd., Piscataway, NJ 08854-8065, USA
Masayuki Nogami
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
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Abstract

Nafion, a perfluorosulfonate ionomer, was modified to increase its thermal stability and reduce its methanol permeability. Hybrid membranes of TiO2·SiO2/Nafion and TiO2·SiO2·P2O5/Nafion™ were prepared using an infiltration sol-gel method. Si(OC2H5)4 and Ti(OC4H9)4 were infiltrated into dry NafionTM membranes, followed by hydrolysis and condensation reactions in first HCl and then NH4OH solutions. The level of inorganic content was controlled by the infiltration time, incorporating up to 50 wt%. Solvent uptake, swelling, water content and proton conductivity were measured at room temperature. Hybrid membranes of TiO2·SiO2/Nafion with ∼30 wt% of infiltrated oxides showed a significantly lower methanol uptake of ∼20wt% and a swelling ratio of 1.15, as compared to those of unmodified NafionTM membrane, ∼60wt% for methanol uptake and 1.8 for swelling ratio. Proton conductivities for TiO2·SiO2/Nafion hybrid membranes decreased with increasing infiltrated oxides. However, infiltrated membranes treated in phosphoric acid solutions to increase the number of P-OH groups showed a six-fold increase in proton conductivity.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 822: Symposium S – Nanostructured Materials in Alternative Energy Devices , 2004 , S8.4
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2004

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