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Goldhillite, Cu5Zn(AsO4)2(OH)6⋅H2O, a new mineral species, and redefinition of philipsburgite, Cu5Zn[(AsO4)(PO4)](OH)6⋅H2O, as an As–P ordered species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 May 2022

Rezeda M. Ismagilova*
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Branko Rieck
Affiliation:
Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Austria
Anthony R. Kampf
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007, United States of America
Gerald Giester
Affiliation:
Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Austria
Elena S. Zhitova
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Boulevard Piip 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006, Russia
Christian L. Lengauer
Affiliation:
Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Austria
Sergey V. Krivovichev
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia Nanomaterials Research Centre, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersman Street 14, Apatity 184209, Russia
Andrey A. Zolotarev
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Justyna Ciesielczuk
Affiliation:
Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, Będzińska 60, 41–200 Sosnowiec, Poland
Julia A. Mikhailova
Affiliation:
Geological Institute, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersman Street 14, Apatity 184209, Russia
Dmitry I. Belakovsky
Affiliation:
Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 18-2, Moscow 119071, Russia
Vladimir N. Bocharov
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Vladimir V. Shilovskikh
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Natalia S. Vlasenko
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Barbara P. Nash
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States of America
Paul M. Adams
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007, United States of America
*
*Author for correspondence: Rezeda M. Ismagilova, Email: rezeda_marsovna@inbox.ru

Abstract

Philipsburgite has been redefined as the intermediate member of the goldhillite–philipsburgite–kipushite isomorphous series with the ideal formula Cu5Zn[(AsO4)(PO4)](OH)6⋅H2O due to the site-selective As–P substitution. The new mineral goldhillite, ideally Cu5Zn(AsO4)2(OH)6⋅H2O [or Cu5Zn(AsO4)(AsO4)(OH)6⋅H2O], is the arsenate end-member of this series. Goldhillite occurs on fracture surfaces in a rock comprised mostly of quartz with iron hydroxides in association with mixite, cornwallite and conichalcite. Goldhillite forms transparent, bright emerald-green, tabular crystals with vitreous lustre, flattened on {100}, up to 1 mm across and in rosettes up to 1.5 mm. The mineral is brittle with uneven fracture and perfect cleavage on {100}; the Mohs hardness is 3.5. The calculated density for the holotype is 4.199 g cm–3. The Raman spectrum is consistent with the presence of H2O-molecules, OH-groups, AsO4 tetrahedra and traces of PO4. Electron microprobe analyses of goldhillite (H2O content based on the crystal structure) provided: CuO 48.91, ZnO 13.18, As2O5 26.06, P2O5 3.25, H2O 8.97, total 100.37 wt.%. The empirical formula for goldhillite based on O = 15 apfu is (Cu4.69Zn1.23)Σ5.92(As0.86P0.18O4)2(OH)5.61⋅H2O. The crystal structures of goldhillite and philipsburgite were determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and refined to R1 = 0.054 (for 2365 I > 2σI reflections) and 0.052 (for 2308 I > 2σI reflections), respectively. Goldhillite is monoclinic, P21/c, a = 12.3573(5), b = 9.2325(3), c = 10.7163(4) Å, β = 97.346(4)°, V = 1212.59(8) Å3 and Z = 4. Philipsburgite is monoclinic, P21/c, a = 12.3095(9), b = 9.2276(3), c = 10.7195(3) Å, β = 97.137(7)°, V = 1208.16(10) Å3 and Z = 4. The strongest lines of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of goldhillite [d, Å (I, %)(hkl)] are: 4.09 (28)(300), 3.41 (23)(12$\bar{2}$, 221, 311), 2.57 (100)(132, 11$\bar{4}$, 20$\bar{4}$), 2.17 (18)(42$\bar{3}$, 332), 1.95 (22)(432) and 1.54 (20)(13$\bar{6}$, 060). Goldhillite is named after its type locality, the Gold Hill mine, Tooele County, Utah, USA.

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Juraj Majzlan

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