Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-30T16:08:09.112Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Impact of Behavioural Assumptions on Management Ability: A Test Based on the Earnings of MBA Graduates

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 February 2015

Benito Arruñada
Affiliation:
Pompeu Fabra University, Spain
Xosé H. Vázquez
Affiliation:
University of Vigo, Spain

Abstract

In this article, we explore different behavioural assumptions in the training of managers. We show that training emphasizing rationality and self-interest, the standard assumptions used in economics, benefits those working in technical posts but may lead future managers to rely excessively on rational and explicit safeguarding, crowding out instinctive relational heuristics and signalling a deficient human type to potential partners. In contrast, the diverse, implicit, and even contradictory nature of behavioural assumptions in management theories avoids conflict with innate cooperative tools and may provide a good training ground for using such tools. Tentative confirmatory evidence shows that the weight placed on behavioural assumptions in the core courses of the top 100 business schools influences the average salaries of their MBA graduates. Controlling for the self-selected average quality of students and some other school characteristics, average salaries are seen to be significantly greater for MBA programs that include a larger proportion of management courses in their core curriculum.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © International Association for Chinese Management Research 2013

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allgood, S., Bosshardt, W., van der Klaauw, W., & Watts, M. 2004. What students remember and say about college economics years later. American Economic Review, 94(2): 259265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alon, I., & McIntyre, J. R. (Eds.). 2005. Business and management education in China: Transition, pedagogy and training, Singapore: World Scientific.Google Scholar
Argyris, C. 1957. Personality and organization. New York: Harper Collins.Google Scholar
Arocena, P., Villanueva, M., Arévalo, R., & Vázquez, X. H. 2011. Why are firms challenging conventional wisdom on moral hazard? Revisiting the wage-effort hypothesis. Industrial and Corporate Change, 20(2): 433455.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arruñada, B. 2008. Human nature and institutions. In Brousseau, E. & Glachant, J. M. (Eds.), New institutional economics: A guidebook: 8199. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Barney, J. B., & Zhang, S. 2009. The future of Chinese management research: A theory of Chinese management versus a Chinese theory of management. Management and Organization Review, 5(1): 1528.Google Scholar
Baron, J. N., & Kreps, D. M. 1999. Strategic human resources; Framevoorks for general managers. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Bazerman, M. H. 2005. Conducting influential research: The need for prescriptive implications. Academy of Management Review, 30(1): 2531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Business Week. 2002. B-Schools: MBA Rankings & Profiles. [Cited 21 February 2012.] Available from URL: http://www.businessweek.com/bschools/02/index.html.Google Scholar
Business Week. 2006. China MBA: Most Likely to Fall Short. [Cited 21 February 2012.] Available from URL: http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_49/b4012094.htm.Google Scholar
Butler, J., Giuliano, P., & Guiso, L. 2009. The right amount of trust. NBER Working Paper 15344. [Cited 24 March 2010.] Available from URL: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1472282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cadsby, C., & Maynes, E. 1998. Choosing between a socially efficient and free-riding equilibrium: Nurses versus economics and business students. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 37(2): 183192.Google Scholar
Camerer, C., Loewenstein, G., & Prelec, D. 2005. Neuroeconomics: How neuroscience can inform economics. Journal of Economic Literature, 43(1): 964.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carter, J., & Iron, M. 1991. Are economists different, and if so, why? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5(2): 171177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, R. G. 1998. MBA quality signals. Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, 8(4): 2948.Google Scholar
Chen, T. H. 1969. The new socialist man. Comparative Education Review, 13(1): 8895.Google Scholar
Cohen-Charash, Y., & Spector, P. E. 2001. The role of justice in organizations: A meta-analysis. Organizational Behavior & Human Decision Processes, 86(2): 278321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cosmides, L., & Tooby, J. 1994. Better than rational: Evolutionary psychology and the invisible hand. American Economie Review, 84(2): 327332.Google Scholar
Cowen, T. 2007. Discover your inner economist. New York: Penguin.Google Scholar
Cyert, R. M., & March, J. G. 1963. A behavioral theory of the firm. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. 1985. Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Dore, R. 1973. British factory-Japanese factory: The origins of national diversity in industrial relations. London: Allen & Unwin.Google Scholar
Dunbar, R. 1996. Grooming, gossip, and the evolution of language, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Etzioni, A. 1964. Modern organizations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Evans, M. G., & Chang, Y. C. 1998. Cheater detection and altruistic behavior: An experimental and methodological exploration. Managerial and Decision Economics, 19(7-8): 467480.Google Scholar
Fang, T. 2012. Yin Yang: A new perspective on culture. Management and Organization Review, 8(1): 2550.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fehr, E., & Falk, A. 2002. Psychological foundations of incentives. European Economic Review, 46(4-5): 687724.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Felin, T., & Foss, N. 2009. Social reality, the boundaries of self-fulfilling prophecy, and economics. Organization Science, 20(3): 654668.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferraro, F., Pfeffer, J., & Sutton, R. 2005. Economics language and assumptions: How theories can become self-fulfilling. Academy of Management Review, 30(1): 824.Google Scholar
Financial Times. 2003. Global MBA rankings 2003. [Cited 15 February 2003.] Available from URL: http://rankings.ft.com/businessschoolrankings/global-mba-rankings-2003.Google Scholar
Fiske, A. P., & Tetlock, P. E. 1997. Taboo trade-offs: Reactions to transactions that transgress the spheres of justice. Political Psychology, 18(2): 255297.Google Scholar
Forges, F. 1992. Repeated games of incomplete information: Non-zero-sum. In Aumann, R. & Hart, S. (Eds.), Handbook of game theory with economic applications: 155178. Amsterdam: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Frank, B., & Schulze, G. 2000. Does economics make citizens corrupt? Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 43(1): 101113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frank, R. H. 1988. Passions within reason. The strategic role of emotions. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Frank, R. H., Gilovich, T., & Regan, D. T. 1993. Does studying economics inhibit cooperation? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 7(2): 159171.Google Scholar
Frank, R. H., Gilovich, T., & Regan, D. T. 1996. Do economists make bad citizens? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 10(1): 187192.Google Scholar
Frey, B. S., & Meier, S. 2005. Selfish and indoctrinated economists? European Journal of Law and Economics, 19(2): 165171.Google Scholar
Ghoshal, S., & Moran, P. 1996. Bad for practice: A critique of the Transaction Costs Theory. Academy of Management Review, 21(1): 1347.Google Scholar
Greenhalgh, A. M. 2007. Case method teaching as science and art: A metaphoric approach and curricular application. Journal of Management Education, 31(2): 181194.Google Scholar
Hall, C. S., & Lindzey, G. 1970. Theories of personality. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Hayek, F. 1945. The use of knowledge in society. American Economic Review, 35(4): 519530.Google Scholar
Herzberg, F. 1968. One more time: How do you motivate employees? Harvard Business Review, 46(1): 5362.Google Scholar
Heslin, P., & Van de Walle, D. 2011. Performance appraisal procedural justice: The role of a manager's implicit person theory. Journal of Management, 37(6): 16941718.Google Scholar
Knoedler, J. T., & Underwood, D. A. 2003. Teaching the principles of economics: A proposal for a multi-paradigmatic approach. Journal of Economic Issues, 37(3): 697725.Google Scholar
Lau, A., & Roflfey, B. 2002. Management education and development in China: A research note. Labour and Management Developmettt Journal, 2(10): 118.Google Scholar
Lester, R. A. 1946. Shortcomings of marginal analysis for wage-employment problems. American Economic Review, 36(1): 6382.Google Scholar
Li, P. P., Leung, K., Chen, C. C., & Luo, J. D. 2012. Indigenous research on Chinese management: What and how. Management and Organization Review, 8(1): 724.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liang, N., & Lin, S. 2008. Erroneous learning from the West? A narrative analysis of Chinese MBA cases published in 1992, 1999 and 2003. Management International Revievu, 48(5): 603638.Google Scholar
Lindenberg, S., & Foss, N.J. 2011. Managing joint production motivation: The role of goal framing and governance mechanisms. Academy of Management Review, 36(3): 500525.Google Scholar
Locke, E. A. 2000. Motivation, cognition, and action: An analysis of studies of task goals and knowledge. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 49(3): 408429.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCoy, J. P., & Milkman, M. I. 2006. Evolution of the masters in economics. Journal of Economic Education, 37(4): 470476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Merritt, J., & Gruber, B. 2003. Businessweek guide to the best business schools. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Montgomery, M., & Anderson, K. 2007. Best laid plans: Gender and the MBA completion rates of GMAT registrants. Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 47(1): 175191.Google Scholar
Nicholson, N. 1997. Evolutionary psychology: Toward a new view of human nature and organizational society. Human Relations, 50(9): 10531077.Google Scholar
Olkin, J. M. 2004. How students and recruiters choose B-Schools. Selections: The Magazine of the Graduate Management Admission Council, 4(1): 815.Google Scholar
Pfeffer, J. 1982. Organizations and organization theory. Boston, MA: Pitman.Google Scholar
Pinker, S. 1997. How the mind works. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Punj, G., & Staelin, R. 1978. The choice process for graduate business schools. Journal of Marketing Research, 15(4): 588598.Google Scholar
Rocha, H. O., & Ghoshal, S. 2006. Beyond self-interest revisited. Journal of Management Studies, 43(3): 585619.Google Scholar
Rousseau, D. M. 1989. Psychological and implied contracts in organizations. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 2(2): 121139.Google Scholar
Rubinstein, A. 2006. A skeptic's comment on the study of economics. The Economic Journal, 116(3): C1C9.Google Scholar
Santos-Álvarez, M. V., García-Merino, M. T., & Vallelado-González, E. 2011. Manager's perception: The influences of the context and of the cognitive profile. Cuadernos de Economía y Dirección de la Empresa, 14(2): 6777.Google Scholar
Schweitzer, M. E., & Hsee, C. K. 2002. Stretching the truth: Elastic justification and motivated communication of uncertain information. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 25(2): 185201.Google Scholar
Shalvi, S., Dana, J., Handgraaf, M. J. J., & De Dreu, C. K. W. 2011. Justified ethicality: Observing desired counterfactuals modifies ethical perceptions and behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 115(2): 181190.Google Scholar
Shleifer, A. 2000. Inefficient markets: An introduction to behavioural finance. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Simon, H. 1957. Models of man-social and rational. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Singer, P. 1981. The expanding circle: Ethics and sociobiology. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.Google Scholar
Stigler, G.J. 1961. The economics of information. Journal of Political Economy, 69(3): 213225.Google Scholar
Tetlock, P. E., Kristel, O., Elson, B., Green, M., & Lerner, J. 2000. The psychology of the unthinkable: Taboo trade-offs, forbidden base rates, and heretical counterfactuals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78(5): 853870.Google Scholar
Tooby, J., Cosmides, L., & Price, M. E. 2006. Cognitive adaptations for n-person exchange: The evolutionary roots of organizational behavior. Managerial and Decision Economics, 27(2-3): 103129.Google Scholar
Tsang, E. W. K. 2006. Behavioral assumptions and theory development: The case of Transaction Cost Economics. Strategic Management Journal, 27(11): 9991011.Google Scholar
Vázquez, X. H. 2004. Allocation of decision rights on the shop floor: A perspective from transaction cost economics and organization theory. Organization Science, 15(4): 463480.Google Scholar
Vázquez, X. H. 2006. An eclectic explanation of shopfloor control using efficiency and power theories. Organization Studies, 27(10): 14211446.Google Scholar
Williamson, O. E. 1985. The economic institutions of capitalism. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Williamson, O. E. 1996. Economic organization: The case for candor. Academy of Management Review, 21(1): 4857.Google Scholar