On 15 May 2001 the Head of the United Nations Interim Administration in Kosovo (‘UNMIK’) signed into law Regulation 2001/9 establishing a Constitutional Framework for Provisional Self-Government in Kosovo. The document creates a provisional institutional framework for the exercise of public authority by Kosovo's institutions of self-government during the territory's administration under United Nations rule. UNMIK delegates important parts of its responsibilities in the legislative, executive and judicial field to the local institutions envisaged in the document. At the same time, however, crucial areas remain under the direct authority of the United Nations administration. This article examines the modifications brought about by the Constitutional Framework by discussing the legal nature and the contents of the document in the light of the various legal instruments governing Kosovo's institutional system throughout the last thirty years and previous international practice in the field of state-building and territorial reconstruction.