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Small Caves and Sacred Geography: A Case Study from the Prehispanic Maya Site of Maax Na, Belize

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Eleanor M. King ,
James E. Brady ,
Leslie C. Shaw ,
Allan B. Cobb ,
C. L. Kieffer ,
Michael L. Brennan  and
Chandra L. Harris
Eleanor M. King
Affiliation:
Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059 (emking@howard.edu)
James E. Brady
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90032 (jbrady@calstatela.edu)
Leslie C. Shaw
Affiliation:
Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME 04011 (lshaw@bowdoin.edu)
Allan B. Cobb
Affiliation:
Austin, TX (ac@oztotl.com)
C. L. Kieffer
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 (kieffer@unm.edu)
Michael L. Brennan
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882 (mlbrennan@gso.uri.edu)
Chandra L. Harris
Affiliation:
District of Columbia Historic Preservation Office, Washington, DC 20002 (Chandra.Harris@dc.gov)
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Abstract

Contemporary research on prehispanic Maya landscapes has focused on caves as core features of the cultural geography. Investigations within a number of large caves have suggested that they served as the loci for important rituals, legitimized inhabitants’ claims to their territory, and helped establish the authority of a site’s ruling elite. The ubiquity and centrality of caves in the Maya worldview raises questions about what happened in regions where large caves did not naturally form. Recent investigations at the site of Maax Na in northern Belize suggest that small caves, despite their diminutive size, still functioned to establish legitimacy and uphold power. The results serve to demonstrate the pervasive power of key ideological concepts in shaping the cultural landscape and indicate the need to take these into account in documenting landmarks at Maya sites, as even the less imposing ones may have been important to their inhabitants.

Investigaciones contemporáneas del paisaje prehispánico maya se han enfocado sobre las cuevas como aspectos centrales de la geografía cultural. Exploraciones en varias cuevas grandes sugirieron que éstas sirvieron como lugares para rituales importantes, legitimaron el derecho de sus habitantes a su territorio, y ayudaron a establecer la autoridad de los soberanos del sitio. La ubicuidad y la centralidad de las cuevas en la cosmovisión maya plantea el problema de qué pasó en regiones donde no se forman cuevas grandes naturalmente. Investigaciones recientes en el sitio de Maax Na en el norte de Belice sugieren que las cuevas pequeñas, a pesar de su tamaño diminuto, también funcionaron para establecer la legitimidad y mantener el poder. Los resultados demuestran el poder penetrante de conceptos ideológicos críticos en la construcción del paisaje cultural e indican la necesidad de tomar a éstos en cuenta cuando documentamos puntos prominentes de ese paisaje en los sitios mayas, porque aún los menos imponentes podrían ser importantes para sus habitantes.

Type
Themed Reports Section: Caves and Rockshelters
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 23 , Issue 4 , December 2012 , pp. 611 - 628
Copyright
Copyright © 2012 by the Society for American Archaeology.

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