Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T18:47:20.116Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Inorganic Constitution of Molluscan Blood and Muscle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

F. R. Hayes  and
D. Pelluet
F. R. Hayes
Affiliation:
From the Plymouth Laboratory and the Zoological Laboratory, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia
D. Pelluet
Affiliation:
From the Plymouth Laboratory and the Zoological Laboratory, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Estimations of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride and sulphate have been made on the blood and muscle of marine molluscs and of the freshwater clam, Anodonta.

On comparing marine blood with sea water it appears that the cephalopods show a regulatory power (i.e. difference between blood and sea water) with respect to all ions tested except sulphate. The gastropods have a regulatory power for calcium, magnesium and chloride; the pelecypods for calcium and magnesium.

Calcium is always higher in blood than in sea water, while magnesium is lower. Chloride, where it differs, is lower.

If muscle is considered as two phases, cells and intercellular blood space, then from whole muscle and blood analyses it is possible to calculate the spaces between the cells, which work out at 11 % for pelecypods and 18 % for the other two groups. Further calculation gives the constitution of the cells themselves, leading to the conclusion that, of the ions under consideration, only K is present in the Pelecypoda and Cephalopoda, while the Gastropoda may have some Ca and Mg as well as K.

As expected the fresh-water clam contains little inorganic material. In relative proportions its blood is characterized by more calcium and less magnesium and chloride than that of marine forms. In muscle cells potassium dominates but other ions are present as well.

This work was carried out at the Laboratory of the Marine Biological Association, Plymouth, in the summers of 1936 and 1937, and at the Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, in 1939. It is a pleasure to express our thanks to the Directors and Staffs of these establishments for accommodation,facilities and advice during the progress of the investigation.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 26 , Issue 4 , June 1947 , pp. 580 - 589
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1947

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Ball, E. G. & Sadusk, J. F. Jr.,, 1936. A study of the estimation of sodium in blood serum. Journ. Biol. Chem., Vol. 113, pp. 661–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bethe, A. & Berger, E., 1931. Variationen im Mineralbestand verschiedener Blutarten. Pflügers Arch. ges. Physiol., Bd. 227, pp. 571–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bialaszewicz, K., 1933. Contribution à l'étude de la composition minérale des liquides nourriciers chez les animaux marins. Arch. Internat. Physiol., T. 36, pp. 41–53.Google Scholar
Bialaszewicz, K. & Kupfer, Ch., 1936. De la composition minérale des muscles des animaux marins. Arch. Internat. Physiol., T. 42, pp. 398–404.Google Scholar
Collip, J. B., 1920. Studies on molluscan celomic fluid. Effect of change in environment on the carbon dioxide content of the celomic fluid. Anaerobic respiration in Mya arenaria. Journ. Biol. Chem., Vol. 45, pp. 23–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Culbreth, S. E., 1941. The role of tissues in the anaerobic metabolism of the mussel, Anodonta hallenbeckii Lea. Biol. Bull., Vol. 80, pp. 79–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dugal, L-P., 1939. The use of calcareous shell to buffer the product of anaerobic glycolysis in Venus mercenaria. Journ. Cell. Comp. Physiol., Vol. 133 pp. 235–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duval, M., 1925. Recherches physico-chimiques et physiologiques sur le milieu intérieur des animaux aquatiques. Modifications sous l'influence du milieu extérieur. Ann. Inst. Océanograph., T. 2, pp. 232–407.Google Scholar
Ellis, M. M., Merrick, A. D. & Ellis, M. D., 1930 (1931). The blood of North American fresh-water mussels under normal and adverse conditions. Bull. U.S. Bur. Fisheries, Vol. 46, pp. 509–42.Google Scholar
Fiske, C. H., 1921. The determination of inorganic sulfate, total sulfate, and total sulfur in urine by the benzidine method. Journ. Biol. Chem., Vol. 47, pp. 59–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenberg, D. M., Anderson, C. & Tufts, E. V., 1935. A note on a closed titration flask for use in the bromometric determination of magnesium with 8-hydroxyquinoline. Journ. Biol. Chem., Vol. III, pp. 561–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenberg, D. M. & Mackey, M. A., 1932. The determination of magnesium in blood with 8-hydroxyquinoline. Journ. Biol. Chem., Vol. 96, pp. 419–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Griffiths, A. B., 1891. On the blood of the Invertebrata. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., Vol. 18, pp. 288–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Griffiths, A. B., 1892. On the blood of the Invertebrata. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., Vol. 19, pp. 116–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kramer, B., 1920. Direct quantitative determination of potassium and sodium in small quantities of blood. Journ. Biol. Chem., Vol. 41, pp. 263–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krogh, A., 1939. Osmotic Regulation in Aquatic Animals. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Kumano, M., 1929. Chemical analysis on the pericardial fluid and the blood of Ostrea circumpicta Pils. Set. Rep. Tôhoku Imp. Univ., Ser. IV, Vol. 4, pp. 281–4.Google Scholar
Larson, C. E. & Greenberg, D. M., 1938. The analysis of calcium in blood and other biological material by titration with ceric sulphate. Journ. Biol. Chem., Vol. 123, pp. 199–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCance, R. A. & Masters, M., 1937. The chemical composition and the acid-base balance of Archidoris britannica. Journ. Mar. Biol. Assoc., Vol. 22, pp. 273–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mccance, R. A. & Shipp, H. L., 1933–1934. The magnesium and other inorganic constituents of some marine invertebrates. Journ. Mar. Biol. Assoc., Vol. 19, pp. 293–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manery, J. F., 1939. Electrolytes in squid blood and muscle. Journ. Cell. Comp. Physiol., Vol. 14, pp. 365–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers, R. G., 1920. A chemical study of the blood of several invertebrate animals. Journ. Biol. Chem., Vol. 41, pp. 119–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peters, J. P. & Van Slyke, D. D., 1932. Quantitative Clinical Chemistry. Vol. II. Methods. Baltimore.Google Scholar
Robertson, J. D. & Webb, D. A., 1939. The micro-estimation of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and sulphate in sea water and the body fluids of marine animals. Journ. Exp. Biol., Vol. 16, pp. 155–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sheen, R. T. & Kahler, H. L., 1936. Direct titration of sulfates. Further studies with tetrahydroxyquinone as an internal indicator. Indust. Eng. Chem., Anal. Ed., Vol. 8, pp. 127–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, I., 1937–1938. Factors affecting the sodium, potassium and total base content of the anterior retractor of the byssus of Mytilus edulis. Journ. Physiol., Vol. 91, pp. 398–412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Slyke, D. D., 1923–1924. The determination of chlorides in blood and tissues. Journ. Biol. Chem., Vol. 58, pp. 523–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Waele, A., 1930. Le sang d'Anodonta cygnea et la formation de la coquille. Mem. Acad. roy. Belg. Cl. Sci., Ser. 2, T. 10, pp. 1–52 with five plates.Google Scholar