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Fine-scale genetic structuring, divergent selection, and conservation prospects for the overexploited crab (Cardisoma guanhumi) in tropical mangroves from North-eastern Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 January 2016

D.J. Gama-Maia  and
R.A. Torres
D.J. Gama-Maia*
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva e Ambiental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Professor Nelson Chaves s/n, Cidade Universitaria, Recife 50670-420, Brazil
R.A. Torres
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva e Ambiental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Professor Nelson Chaves s/n, Cidade Universitaria, Recife 50670-420, Brazil
*
Correspondence should be addressed to:D.J. Gama-Maia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil email: danielle.gamaia@gmail.com
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Abstract

Popularly known as blue land crab, Cardisoma guanhumi is heavily exploited as food and considered as an important economic resource in Brazil. In recent decades, the species has experienced a sharp population decline by the loss and/or degradation of its natural habitat and overfishing. The present study aimed to investigate the genetic variation and connectivity among 154 specimens of C. guanhumi sampled along the coast of Pernambuco in five different levels of tropical mangroves conservation. Nine ISSR primers were used for assessing the genetic variation of the species. The genetic diversity observed in C. guanhumi was high reinforcing the condition of a resilient species, indicating a good conservation status of this resource in Pernambuco. The hypothesis of panmixia was rejected in favour of a heterogeneous distribution of the genotypes of C. guanhumi (ФST = 0.19) despite the high gene flow observed in the study region. Such difference could be attributed to the candidate loci being under positive selection and differentially distributed between the geographic regions assessed. The genetic structure showed a pattern of fine-scale genetic structuring better fitted to a model of selection-mediated geographic cline. Cluster analysis and candidate loci under positive selection suggested that the populations of C. guanhumi in the North-central and South coasts of Pernambuco might be different management units and must be managed independently. In conclusion, exhaustion of natural stocks upon which fishing is totally dependent will lead to serious ecological and sociocultural impacts.

Keywords

Inter simple sequences repeatgene flowgenomic divergencepositive selectionCrustacea
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 96 , Issue 8 , December 2016 , pp. 1677 - 1686
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2016 

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