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Behaviour and mimicry in the juvenile and subadult life stages of the mesopelagic squid Chiroteuthis calyx

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 November 2014

Benjamin P. Burford ,
Bruce H. Robison  and
Robert E. Sherlock
Benjamin P. Burford*
Affiliation:
Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Rd., Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
Bruce H. Robison
Affiliation:
Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Rd., Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
Robert E. Sherlock
Affiliation:
Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Rd., Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: B.P. Burford, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Rd., Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA email: bburford@mbari.org
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Abstract

Cephalopods are common inhabitants of the deep ocean's mesopelagic zones worldwide, yet very little is known about their behaviour due to the inaccessibility of this environment. Recent studies suggest that, contrary to historical predictions, deep-sea cephalopods exhibit a wide array of visual behaviours. We used in situ footage from remotely operated vehicles, coupled with laboratory observations to assemble the first behavioural ethogram for the juvenile and subadult life stages of the mesopelagic squid, Chiroteuthis calyx. The number of behavioural components we described is comparable to or exceeds those recognized in ethograms of shallow-water teuthids. We used the ethogram to make a detailed behavioural comparison between the juvenile and subadult life stages, and found distinctly different patterns. Behavioural and morphological differences between the two life stages support the hypothesis that juvenile C. calyx mimic the abundant siphonophore Nanomia bijuga, in order to deter predation.

Keywords

Behaviourmimicrycephalopoddeep sea
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 95 , Issue 6 , September 2015 , pp. 1221 - 1235
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2014 

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