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DNA barcoding and taxonomic validation of Caranx spp. larvae

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2021

Claudia A. Silva-Segundo*
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Bioingenieria y Ciencias Ambientales, Departamento Académico de Ingeniería en Pesquerías, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al Sur Km 5.5, 23088, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
René Funes-Rodríguez
Affiliation:
Departamento de Plancton y Ecología Marina, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN s/n, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita Sur, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
Jaime Gómez-Gutiérrez
Affiliation:
Departamento de Plancton y Ecología Marina, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN s/n, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita Sur, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
Griselda Gallegos-Simental
Affiliation:
Laboratorio Nodo CIBNOR Código de Barras, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Km 1 Carretera a San Juan de La Costa, El Comitán, 23205, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
Sergio Hernández-Trujillo
Affiliation:
Departamento de Plancton y Ecología Marina, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN s/n, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita Sur, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
Anidia Blanco-Jarvio
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Bioingenieria y Ciencias Ambientales, Departamento Académico de Ingeniería en Pesquerías, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al Sur Km 5.5, 23088, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
*
Author for correspondence: Claudia A. Silva-Segundo, E-mail: ca.silva@uabcs.mx

Abstract

Of the five nominal species in the genus Caranx Lacepède 1801 distributed throughout the Eastern Central Pacific, Caranx caballus and Caranx sexfasciatus are the only two that have formal fish larval descriptions based on diagnostic characteristics (morphology, meristics and pigmentation). In this study, the diagnostic characteristics of three Caranx species larvae were validated using DNA barcoding analysis cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI; 651 bp). For the first time, the morphological taxonomic assignation of C. caballus fish larvae was confirmed using COI gene partial sequences of adults, with a genetic similarity between 99.8–100%. However, molecular evidence demonstrated that fish larvae previously described as C. sexfasciatus had high genetic similarity (99.7–100%) and low genetic distance (<1%) to Caranx caninus adults. An undescribed larval morphotype collected in the present study genetically matched (100%) with COI sequences of C. sexfasciatus adults. The diagnostic characteristics of this new morphotype were a lack of pigmentation in the supraoccipital crest, over the gut, and at the terminal region of the gut. The combination of diagnostic characteristics and DNA barcoding evidence allowed the discrimination and validation of C. caballus, C. caninus and C. sexfasciatus larvae. The diagnostic characteristics and COI sequences of Caranx lugubris and Caranx melampygus larvae, which are also distributed in the Eastern Central Pacific, remain to be investigated.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom

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